Controlling body temperature

SB8.10w Homework 1

Name Joanna Ooi Class 10E Date 27th April 2023

The diagram below shows the same piece of skin at two different temperatures.

1 The receptors send impulses via neurones to the brain.

a Circle the environmental factor that stimulates these receptors when it changes.
oxygen concentration temperature humidity pressure
b Circle the part of the brain that receives impulses from these receptors.
cerebellum medulla oblongata hypothalamus cerebrum
2 a B
Identify which part of the diagram, A or B, shows skin when the body is too hot. __________________
b Give one reason why you identified diagram A or B in part a as showing skin when the body is too hot.

sweat is released from the sweat glands

__________________________________________________________________________________

c Explain how a change in a structure in the diagram you identified in part a helps to reduce body
temperature.
sweating helps release heat to the surroundings through evaporation
__________________________________________________________________________________
flat hair: less insulation; increase blood flow: warm blood near to skin surface
__________________________________________________________________________________
(transfer heat)
3 a Describe one change in muscles that occurs when the body is too cold.

contract (shivering)
__________________________________________________________________________________

b Explain how the change in muscles helps to increase body temperature when the body is too cold.

releases heat from the energy from respiration & tightens blood vessels
__________________________________________________________________________________

(releases energy to tissues for heating)

__________________________________________________________________________________

4 The graph shows the effect of temperature on the

rate of enzyme-controlled reactions in the body.
Use the graph to explain why the temperature of
the main organs of the body is kept close to 37 °C.

to provide the optimum temperature for enzymes

______________________________________________________
(highest rate of reaction) & prevent enzymes from
______________________________________________________

denaturing.
______________________________________________________

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