Answers of History portfolio-1

Q1) The Great Powers ratified the terms of the Constantinople

Arrangement in connection with the border between Greece and
the Ottoman Empire in the London Protocol of 30 August 1832,
which marked the end of the Greek War of Independence and
established modern Greece as an independent state free of the
Ottoman Empire.
Q2) Lord Byron was a British Romantic poet and satirist whose
poetry and personality captured the imagination of Europe.
Although made famous by the autobiographical poem Childe
Harold's Pilgrimage (1812–18)—and his many love affairs—he is
perhaps better known today for the satiric realism of Don Juan
(1819–24).
Q3) During the 1830s, Giuseppe Mazzini had sought to put
together a coherent programme for a unitary Italian Republic. He
had also formed a secret society called Young Italy for the
propagation of his goals.
Q4) In 1845, weavers in Silesia led a revolt against contractors
who supplied them raw material and gave them orders for
finished textiles but drastically reduced their payments.
Q5) Universal suffrage (also called universal franchise, general
suffrage, and common suffrage of the common man) gives the
right to vote to all adult citizens, regardless of wealth, income,
gender, social status, race, ethnicity, political stance, or any other
restriction, subject only to relatively minor exceptions.
Q6) The Treaty of Vienna of 25 March 1815 was the formal
agreement of the allied powers — Austria, Great Britain, Prussia
and Russia — committing them to wage war against Napoleon
until he was defeated.
Q7) Austria, Russia, Prussia and Great Britain were the four
major powers that collectively defeated and overthrew Napolean.
The powers has formed a special alliance among themselves with
the Treaty of Chaumont on March 9, 1814.
Q8) Zollverein, German customs union established in 1834 under
Prussian leadership. It created a free-trade area throughout much
of Germany and is often seen as an important step in German
reunification.
Q9) 'Elle' was the measurement of cloth from elbow to finger tip,
which was used in Europe particularly in Germany.
Q10) Giuseppe Mazzini born in Genoa in 1807, was an Italian
revolutionary He was a member of the secret society of the
Carbonari. At the age of 24, he was sent into exile in 1831 for
attempting a revolution in Liguria. He founded underground
societies named ‘Young Italy’ in Marseilles and ‘Young Europe’
in Berne, whose members were like-minded young men from
Poland, France, Italy and the German States.