FLORES, RANIELLA ALLYSSA B.

BEED3
ACTIVITY 2.2
The Origins of Mother Goose Nursery Rhymes
Over the last fifty years, various people have tried to trace the mother goose rhymes back to
their origins. What they’ve found is that the nursery rhymes, songs and stories which have for
the last two hundred or so years been associated with Mother Goose had their origins in much
older stories and rhymes.
These stories and rhymes were handed down orally from one generation to the next but,
because they were never written down, they changed quite a lot over the years. Sometimes the
changes were accidental and sometimes the stories were intentionally adapted to suit the
purposes of the storyteller, to suit his audience or to reflect events that were happening at the
time.
Some of the rhymes weren’t written for children at all but for adults. Some of the tales were
blended with parts of other stories to form new ones so that it's almost impossible to work out
where the original tale began and what format it took.
The Mother Goose nursery rhymes we know today come from two main sources: a book
published in France in 1697 and a book published in England in about 1765.
There's also a claim that an American woman was the real Mother Goose and that her son-in-
law published a book of her stories back in the early 1700s. This claim has been discredited by
those who have studied the Mother Goose nursery rhymes and stories and no record or trace
has ever been found of the so-called 'ghost book'.

Charles Perrault’s Tales Of Mother Goose

In 1697, a French author named Charles Perrault published a collection of eight fairy tales
called 'Histoires ou Contes du Temps passé, avec des moralités' which translates as 'Tales of
Long Ago, with Morals'. The stories were based on old folktales that had a long oral tradition,
although Perrault added his own touches.
The book’s frontispiece (below) shows an illustration of an old woman spinning and telling
stories with the words 'Contes de ma Mere l'Oye' (Tales of My Mother the Goose.)
The book contained the following stories:
- Cinderella
- The Sleeping Beauty in the Wood
- Bluebeard
- Little Red Riding Hood
- Puss in Boots
- The Little Tom Thumb
- The Faeries
- Ricky of the Tuft
The stories were an instant success and Perrault went on to write three more:
- Donkey Skin
- Ludicrous Wishes
Griselda
The stories were translated into English and published in 1729 by Robert Samber. The English
versions were also popular and, of course, still are today.
Notice that there were no nursery rhymes in Perrault’s book, only stories. In fact, Perrault is
given the credit for having laid the foundations for a new literary genre, the fairy tale, although
his stories were derived from folk tales which were already well-known in France at the time.

John Newbery’s Mother Goose’s Melody

In about 1765, John Newbery, an English publisher, adopted the Mother Goose name for a
collection of mostly traditional rhymes which he called Mother Goose's Melody: or Sonnets for
the Cradle.
The book was immediately popular and the Mother Goose name started to become associated
more with nursery rhymes than with fairy tales, in English at least. Mother Goose's Melody
contained 51 rhymes, described by Newbery as "the most celebrated Songs and Lullabies of
the old British Nurses".
This book is important for two reasons: first, because it contained so many rhymes and second,
because pretty much every edition of Mother Goose rhymes since has been influenced by it.
The book was so incredibly popular and printers, publishers and all sorts of people in the literary
world caught on quickly with the result that other collections of Mother Goose nursery rhymes
began to appear almost immediately.
And the name ‘Mother Goose’ has been associated with children's poetry ever since!