“Noli Me Tangere”

"Noli Me Tangere" is a novel written by Filipino national hero José Rizal and published in 1887.
As a seminal work in Philippine literature, it has received significant literary criticism and
analysis over the years. The novel explores themes of colonialism, social inequality, corruption,
and the struggle for independence. Here are some key areas of literary criticism related to "Noli
Me Tangere":
1. Social and Political Criticism: Rizal's novel is a scathing critique of the social and
political conditions prevailing in the Philippines during Spanish colonial rule. It exposes
the injustices and abuses suffered by the Filipino people under the oppressive system.
Critics often analyze how Rizal uses various characters and events to illustrate the
negative effects of colonization and the call for social reform.
2. Symbolism and Allegory: "Noli Me Tangere" employs rich symbolism and allegory to
convey its message. Critics examine the significance of symbols such as the characters'
names, objects, and religious imagery to unravel deeper meanings and connections within
the narrative. The novel's title itself, which translates to "Touch Me Not," has symbolic
implications and represents the forbidden nature of societal and political change during
that time.
3. Characterization: The novel features a diverse cast of characters who represent different
social classes, occupations, and ideologies. Literary critics delve into Rizal's portrayal
and development of these characters, analyzing their motivations, conflicts, and
interactions. The complex characterization allows for discussions on the novel's themes
and social commentary.
4. Narrative Structure and Style: Rizal employs a multi-layered narrative structure and a
mix of literary techniques, including satire, irony, and melodrama, to engage readers and
convey his critique effectively. Critics examine how the novel's structure enhances its
thematic content and the impact of Rizal's storytelling choices on the reader's experience.
5. Historical and Cultural Context: Critics often explore the historical and cultural
context surrounding the novel's publication. Rizal wrote "Noli Me Tangere" during a
period of burgeoning nationalism and reformist movements in the Philippines. Analyzing
the novel's reception and impact sheds light on its significance as a catalyst for social and
political change.
6. Feminist Criticism: Another area of analysis focuses on the portrayal of female
characters in the novel. Critics explore how Rizal depicts women and their roles in
society, examining themes of gender inequality, patriarchy, and the limited agency
afforded to women during that era.
7. Impact and Legacy: Lastly, literary criticism of "Noli Me Tangere" considers its
enduring impact and legacy on Philippine literature, nationalism, and social reform
 movements. Critics examine how the novel has shaped subsequent generations of Filipino
writers and intellectuals, influencing their works and activism.
It's important to note that these areas of criticism are not exhaustive, and multiple perspectives
and interpretations exist regarding the novel's themes and literary techniques. The richness and
complexity of "Noli Me Tangere" have contributed to its enduring status as a significant work in
Philippine literature.