Madhu

VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY
JNANA SANGAMA, BELAGAVI-590018, KARNATAKA
Internship Report
on
“EMBEDDED SYSTEM AND IOT”

Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of
BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
In
ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
Submitted By
NEELANJAN M [1JV18EC007]
BALAJI S N [1JV19EC001]
BASAVARAJ MAILAR [1JV19EC002]
VINAY K K [1JV19EC009]
Under the Guidance of

Asst. Prof. ASHA S R[Ph.D]
Head of the Department,
Dr.
Department of Mechanical Engineering.
JVIT, BIDADI.
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

JNANA VIKAS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Vidya Soudha, Padmashree G.D. Goyalgi Campus, Bangalore-Mysore Highway
BIDADI, BANGALORE – 562109
JNANA VIKAS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
BIDADI- 562109
(Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi, Approved by AICTE, New Delhi)
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
CERTIFICATE
Certified that the Internship Report work entitled “SINGLE MAN POWER OPERATION
(220T & 230T) AND PAINTED PARTS REDUCTION OF REJECTION PARTS GRILL
RADIATOR 665B” carried out by MANJUNATH M ANGADI [1JV18ME003], CHANDU
NAIK M [1JV19ME001], MADHU KUMAR G S [1JV19ME002], PRATHAP B N
[1JV19ME003] are bonafide students of Jnana Vikas Institute of Technology in partial
fulfillment for the award of the degree of Bachelor of Engineering in Mechanical
Engineering of the Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi during the year 2022-
23. It is certified that all corrections/suggestions indicated for Internal Assessment have
been incorporated in the report deposited in the department library. The Internship report
has been approved as it satisfies the academic requirement in respect of Internship work
prescribed for the said degree.
Asst. Prof., MAHESH H R

Head of the Department,
Department of Mechanical Engineering.
JVIT, BIDADI.
Name of the Examiners Signature with Date
1. ________________ _________________
2. ________________ _________________
JNANAVIKAS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
BIDADI-562109
DEPARTMENT OF MECHNAICAL ENGINEERING
DECLARATION
We, MANJUNATH M ANGADI [1JV18ME003], CHANDU NAIK M [1JV19ME001],
MADHU KUMAR G S [1JV19ME002], PRATHAP B N [1JV19ME003] students of 7th
semester B.E in Mechanical Engineering, Jnana Vikas Institute of Technology, Bidadi,
hereby declare that the Internship SINGLE MAN POWER OPERATION (220T & 230T)
AND PAINTED PARTS REDUCTION OF REJECTION PARTS GRILL RADIATOR
665B has been carried out by us and submitted in partial fulfillment of the course requirements
for the award of degree of Bachelor of Engineering, from Visvesvaraya Technological
University during 2022-2023 is a record of an original work done by us under the guidance of
Prof. MAHESH H R, Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, JVIT,
Bidadi. The results embodied in this work has not submitted to any other University or Institute
for the award of any degree.
MANJUNATH M ANGADI
USN: 1JV18ME003
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Jnana Vikas Institute of Technology
Bengaluru-562109 Signature of the Student
CHANDU NAIK M
USN: 1JV19ME001
MADHU KUMAR G S
USN: 1JV19ME002
PRATHAP B N
USN: 1JV19ME003
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
A Project work is a job of great enormity and it cannot accomplish by an individual all by
them. Eventually I am grateful to a number of individuals whose professional guidance,
assistance and encouragement have made it a pleasant endeavor to undertake this seminar
work.
I have great pleasure in expressing my deep sense of gratitude to founder Sir C.M
Lingappa, Chairman for having provided us with a great infrastructure and well- furnished
labs.
I take this opportunity to express my profound gratitude to Dr. A V SEETHA

GIRISHA, Principal for his constant support and encouragement.
I would like to express my heart full thanks to Asst. Prof. MAHESH H R, Head of the
Department, Mechanical Engineering who has guided me in all aspects.
I would like to extend my thanks to my guide Asst. Prof. Prof. MAHESH H R, who has
guided me in all aspects. I am grateful for his unfailing encouragement and suggestion,
given to me in course of my project works.
I would like to mention special thanks to all my Teaching Faculties of Department of

Mechanical Engineering, JVIT, Bidadi for their valuable support and guidance.
I would like to thank to my Family and Friends for their unforgettable support and
encouragement.
MANJUNATH M ANGADI [1JV18ME003]

CHANDU NAIK M [1JV19ME001]
MADHU KUMAR G S [1JV19ME002]
PRATHAP B N [1JV19ME003]
i
ABSTRACT
IOT is the trendiest field in the research area. IOT deals with the creation of smart devices
that make number of tasks for the person easier. The smart devices are created using
embedded systems. Embedded systems are the mini computers that allow the sensor devices
to work in a collaborative manner to create an electronic system. This study discusses the role
of embedded systems, and the different components of the embedded system. Moreover, the
study discusses the two types of the most popular embedded system that is Arduino and
Raspberry pi.
ii
CIRTIFICATE
iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
DETAILS Page No.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT i
ABSTRACT ii
CIRTIFICATE iii
Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Injection Moulding 1
1.2 Lean Tools and Philosophy 2
1.2.1 Poka-Yoke 2
1.2.2 Kaizen 2
1.2.3 Standardization 2
1.2.4 5S 3
1.2.5 Process Flow 3
1.2.6 Defect in Production 3
1.2.7 Silver 4
1.2.8 Flash 4
1.2.9 Short Shot 4
Chapter 2 COMPANY PROFILE 5

2.1 TGSIN 5
2.2 Methodology 6
2.3 Grille Radiator 7
2.4 Standardised Work Procedure After Injection Moulding 8
2.5 Grille Radiator 8
CONCLUTION 11
RESULT ANALYSIS 12
Chapter 3 SINGLE MAN POWER OPERATION 13

3.1 Activities and Idea 13
3.2 Benefits 13
CONCLUSION 15
REFERENCES 16
iv
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure No. Name of the Figure Page No.
1.1 Injection Moulding Machine 1

1.2 Process Flow 3
2.1 Company Logo 5
2.2 Company 5
2.3 Flow Chart 6
2.4 665B Grille Radiator 7
2.5 Toyota Innova Crysta Car 8
v
Single Man Power Operation (220t & 230) Reductio Rejection of Grill Radiator
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1ABOUT EMBEDDED SYSTEM
The combination of hardware and software either fixed in capability or programmable is

known Embedded system, that is designed for a specific function. Embedded systems are
device used to control, monitor the operation of equipment’s, machinery or plant.
“Embedded” refers to the internal part.
These are classified into different steps:
Based on the Performance and Functional Requirement:

1.1 REAL TIME EMBEDDED SYSTEMS: type of systems is defined as these systems in
which the truthfulness of the system depends not only on the logical result computation, but
also the results are produced on time.
 Hard real-time systems (e.g., Avionic control).
 Firm real-time systems (e.g., Banking).
 Soft real-time systems (e.g., Video on demand).
1.2 DETACHED EMBEDDED SYSTEMS:

 These systems do not require a host like a computer, depends on itself.
 It takes the inputs from the either analog or digital and processes, calculates and modified
the data and gives the end data through the link device which either control, drives and
displays the linked devices.
 examples: mp3 music players, digital cameras, video game, microwave ovens and
temperature check-up systems.
1.3 NETWORKED EMBEDDED SYSTEMS:

 These systems are branch to a network to access the resources.
 connected network can be LAN, WAN, or the internet. The connection maybe wireless or
Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Page no. 1

wired. This system is highest growing area in embedded system applications.
1.2.1 MOBILE EMBEDDED SYSTEMS:

 The basic limitations of these devices are the other resources and limitations.
 Mobile embedded systems are used in portable embedded devices like cell phone,
mobiles, digital cameras, mp3 players and personal digital assistants, etc.
IOT:
The internet of things, or IoT, is a system of interrelated computing devices, mechanical and
digital machines, objects, animals or people that are provided with unique identifiers (UIDs)
and the ability to transfer data over a network without requiring human-to-human or human-
to-computer interaction.
A thing in the internet of things can be a person with a heart monitor implant, a farm animal
with a biochip transponder, an automobile that has built-in sensors to alert the driver when
tire pressure is low or any other natural or man-made object that can be assigned an Internet
Protocol (IP) address and is able to transfer data over a network.
Increasingly, organizations in a variety of industries are using IoT to operate more efficiently,
better understand customers to deliver enhanced customer service, improve decision-making
and increase the value of the business.
How does IoT work?
An IoT ecosystem consists of web-enabled smart devices that use embedded systems, such as
processors, sensors and communication hardware, to collect, send and act on data they
acquire from their environments. IoT devices share the sensor data they collect by connecting
to an IoT gateway or other edge device where data is either sent to the cloud to be analyzed
or analyzed locally. Sometimes, these devices communicate with other related devices and
act on the information they get from one another. The devices do most of the work without
human intervention, although people can interact with the devices -- for instance, to set them
up, give them instructions or access the data

Based on the Performance of the Microcontroller:
1.SMALL SCALE EMBEDDED SYSTEMS:

 These types of systems are designed with an 8 or 16-bit single microcontroller, that may
be generated by a battery.
 For the developing embedded software for this embedded systems, the important
programming tools are editor, assembler, cross assembler and IDE.
2.MEDIUM SCALE EMBEDDED SYSTEMS:

 Medium scale embedded systems are designed with a 16 or 32-bit MC, RISCs or DSPs.
 Both hardware and software complexities are available.
 For the developing embedded software for this system, the main tools are C, C++, JAVA,
Visual,RTOS, debugger, source code engineering tool, simulator and IDE.
3.WORDLY EMBEDDED SYSTEMS:

 These systems are designed with 32-bit.
 Type of embedded systems has large hardware and software complexities.
 Which may require scalable or configurable processor and programming logical arrays.

CHAPTER 2
COMPANY PROFILE
TAKE IT SMART (OPC) PVT.LTD is an Indian based engineering and

Software Company headquartered in Bangalore, Karnataka, India. It is both product and
service-oriented software company. All offices employ an experienced team of
professionals, with an outstanding track record of handling complex web & Apps
development projects.
2.2 COMPANY STRATERGY

 Purpose: To be a leader in the software Industry by providing enhanced services,
relationship and profitability.
 Vision: To provide quality services that exceeds the expectations of our esteemed
customers.
 Mission: To build long term relationships with our customers and clients and provide
exceptional customer services by pursuing business through innovation and advanced
technology.
2.2.1 Core values:
 To incorporate good business practices in order to achieve customer satisfaction and

treating the customers with respect and faith.
 To grow through creativity, invention and innovation.
 To integrate honesty, integrity and business ethics into all aspects of the business
functioning.
2.2.3 Goals:
 To improve, grow and become more efficient in the field electronics engineering and
software development and develop a strong base of key clients.
 To understand customer requirements and fulfill them.

 Increase the assets and investments of the organization to support the development of
services and expansion of the organization.
 To increase the productivity and improve the customer service satisfaction.
 To do Innovations in Software field and provide quality services to deliver a range of

products.
2.3 COMPANY SERVICES

TAKE IT SMART (OPC) PVT.LTD have its own services such as,
 Embedded Applications development
 Web design and development
 IT Service
 Android app Development

 Web Bases Software Solutions
 Web Based ERP
 Web Based Ads Mobile Based Services: Mobile Web Apps a. Android Apps b. Windows
Apps c. IOS Apps d. Cross Plate forms Apps
 Native Apps
 Hybrid apps Get trained for industry requirements while you pursuing degree The
Different verticals that we operate in are:  Internship & Software Training
2.4 DOMAINS
 TAKE IT SMART (OPC) PVT.LTD have working with several domains like-
 IT
 Digital marketing
2.5 DEPARTMENTS
 Marketing: These are the main section of the market departments:
 Sales department is responsible for the sales and distribution of the products to the
different regions.

 Promotion department decides on the type of promotion method for the products,
arranges advertisements and the advertising media used.
 Distribution department distributes the products across the industries.
CHAPTER 3
HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS
The hardware components used in our project is listed below.
1. Arduino uno (Atmega328 microcontroller)
2. Power Supply
3. Relay
4. BLUETOOTH transceiver.
5. DC motor
6. Flame Sensor
7. MQ135
8. IR sensor
9. NodeMCU
1. Arduino Uno
Arduino is an open source, PC paraphernalia and programming organization, endeavors, and
client group that plans and produce microcontroller packs for constructing programmed
devices and intelligent object that can detect and control questions in the real world. The
inception of the Arduino extends began at the Interaction Design Institute in Ivrea, Italy. The
equipment reference plans are appropriated under a Creative Commons Attribution Share.

Atmega328 microcontroller
The microcontroller is at the core of every embedded module. Hence, great care must be
exercised in choosing the right microcontroller without compromising on functionality.
Keeping in view many factors that governed the correct implementation of our project the
Atmega48 microcontroller from Atmel Corporation’s AVR microcontroller family was
chosen. Few crucial reasons may be cited so as to justify our choice of this microcontroller.
The first being, that all AVR microcontrollers are designed to deliver more performance at
lesser power consumption. It is compatible with popular protocols like I2C and SPI. It also
has advanced features like an on-chip analog to digital converter, six pulse width modulation
channels, and data retention is supported up to a hundred years at 25º C. Also, compilers for
the Atmega48/8 are available free of cost from the manufacturer. An added advantage is that
the AVR series can be programmed using the AVRGCC (GNU C compiler), thus making it
an undisputed choice for even GNU/Linux based programmers. The Atmega48
microcontroller has execution speeds of up to one MIPS per MHz of clock frequency.
Elucidating the specifications of the CPU of the AVR, it is an 8-bit microcontroller with
advanced RISC architecture. The CPU is designed for the stellar combination of parallelism
and performance. Thus, the CPU uses the Harvard architecture (separate memories and buses
for program and data). The CPU also accommodates a 32 general purpose 8-bit registers.
3.1.1 Architecture

The Atmega328 is a low-power CMOS 8-bit microcontroller based on the AVR enhanced
RISC architecture. By executing powerful instructions in a single clock cycle, the ATmega88
achieves throughputs approaching 1 MIPS per MHz allowing the system designer to optimize
power consumption versus processing speed. The AVR core combines a rich instruction set
with 32 general purpose working registers. All the 32 registers are directly connected to the
Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU), allowing two independent registers to be accessed in one
single instruction executed in one clock cycle. The resulting architecture is more code
efficient while achieving throughputs up to ten times faster than conventional CISC
microcontrollers. The architectural block diagram is as shown in the next page.
Fig 3.1: Architectural Block Diagram of ATmega 328

.
3.1.3 Pin Configurations

Fig 3.3: Pin configuration of the Atmega38 microcontroller

3.1.5 Power modes
The Idle mode stops the CPU while the SRAM, Timer/Counters, USART, 2-wire Serial
Interface, SPI port, and interrupt system continue to function. In the Power-down mode, the
register contents are saved but the oscillator is frozen until an interrupt is raised or the
hardware is reset. In the Power-save mode, the asynchronous timer is running while the
remaining peripheral components of the device are sleeping
3.1.6 Ports
The ports of the AVR have read-modify-write functionality when used as general digital I/O
ports, as stated in the datasheet of the device. The ports are bi-directional I/O ports with
optional internal pull-ups. Each port pin mainly has three register bits which are DDxn,
PORTxn and PINxn. DDxn is the data direction bit and indicates input or output at a
particular pin of any port. If DDxn is set to one, the pin is used as output pin, else it is an
input pin. If PORTxn is written to a logic one, and if DDxn is set to zero that particular pin’s
internal pull up resistor is activated. The DDxn is accessed at the DDRx register, the PORTxn
is in the PORTx register and the PINxn is at the PINx register. Writing a logic one to PINxn
will toggle PORTxn. The alternate functions of the port pins and the port registers are
explained at the end as part of the datasheets. The pin value can be read at any time through

the PINxn register bit, irrespective of the DDxn pin setting.
3.1.7 Analog to digital converter
The Atmega48 is equipped with a successive approximation analog to digital converter with a
resolution of 10 bits. All the input channels of the ADC are connected to a multiplexer.
3.1.8 USART
A universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter (usually abbreviated UART and

pronounced is a type of "asynchronous receiver/transmitter", a piece of computer hardware
that translates data between parallel and serial forms. A UART is usually an individual (or
part of an) integrated circuit used for serial communications over a computer or peripheral
device serial port.
Serial transmission of digital information (bits) through a single wire or other medium
is much more cost effective than parallel transmission through multiple wires. A UART is
used to convert the transmitted information between its sequential and parallel form at each
end of the link. Each UART contains a shift register which is the fundamental method of
conversion between serial and parallel forms.
The UART usually does not directly generate or receive the external signals used
between different items of equipment. Typically, separate interface devices are used to
convert the logic level signals of the UART to and from the external signaling levels.
Communication may be "full duplex" (both send and receive at the same time) or "half
duplex" (devices take turns transmitting and receiving).
3.1.8.1 Features
 Asynchronous or Synchronous Operation

 Full Duplex Operation (Independent Serial Receive and Transmit Registers)
 Master or Slave Clocked Synchronous Operation
 High Resolution Baud Rate Generator

3.1 NodeMCU V3 For Fast IoT Application

Development
 The best way to develop quickly an IoT application with less Integrated circuits to
add is to choose this circuit “NodeMCU”. Today, we will give a detailed
Introduction on NodeMCU V3. It is an open-source firmware and development kit
that plays a vital role in designing a proper IoT product using a few script lines.
 The module is mainly based on ESP8266 that is a low-cost Wi-Fi microchip
incorporating both a full TCP/IP stack and microcontroller capability. It is
introduced by manufacturer Expressive Systems. The ESP8266 NodeMcu is a
complex device, which combines some features of the ordinary Arduino board with
the possibility of connecting to the internet.
 Arduino Modules and Microcontrollers have always been a great choice to
incorporate automation into the relevant project. But these modules come with a
little drawback as they don’t feature a built-in Wi-Fi capability, subsequently, we
need to add external Wi-Fi protocol into these devices to make them compatible
with the internet channel.
 This is the famous NodeMCU which is based on ESP8266 Wi-Fi Sock This is
version 3 and it is based on ESP-12E (An ESP8266 based Wi-Fi module).
NodeMCU is also an open-source firmware and development kit that helps you to
prototype your IOT product within a few LUA script lines, and of course you can
always program it with Arduino IDE.

 In this article, we will try present useful details related to this Wi-Fi Development
Kit, its main features, pinout and everything we need to know about this module and
the application domain.
Introduction NodeMCU V3
 NodeMCU V3 is an open-source firmware and development kit that plays a vital role in
designing an IoT product using a few script lines.
 Multiple GPIO pins on the board allow us to connect the board with other peripherals
and are capable of generating PWM, I2C, SPI, and UART serial communications.
 The interface of the module is mainly divided into two parts including both Firmware
and Hardware where former runs on the ESP8266 Wi-Fi SoC and later is based on the
ESP-12 module.
 The firmware is based on Lua – A scripting language that is easy to learn
 A simple programming environment layered with a fast-scripting language that connects
you with a well-known developer community.
 0pen-source firmware gives you the flexibility to edit, modify and rebuilt the existing
module and keep changing the entire interface until you succeed in optimizing the module
as per your requirements.
 USB to UART converter is added on the module that helps in converting USB data to
UART data which mainly understands the language of serial communication.
 Instead of the regular USB port, MicroUSB port is included in the module that connects it
with the computer for dual purposes: programming and powering up the board.

 The board incorporates status LED that blinks and turns off immediately, giving you the
current status of the module if it is running properly when connected with the computer.
 The ability of module to establish a flawless WiFi connection between two channels
make it an ideal choice for incorporating it with other embedded devices like Raspberry
Pi.
3.2 Power Supply
Power supply is used to energies the whole module. The power supply can be in the
form of wired or battery. In our project 12v battery/adapters used as a power supply.
3.3 Relay
Relay is an electrically operated switch. Relays allow one circuit to switch a second
circuit which can be completely separate from the first. Relays can switch AC and DC;
transistors can only switch DC. Relays can switch higher voltages than standard transistors.
Relays are often a better choice for switching large currents (> 5A). Relays can switch many
contacts at once.
Fig 3.4: Relay symbol

Fig 3.5: Circuit diagram of relay
3.4 Crystal Oscillator - 16MHz:

A crystal oscillator is an electronic circuit that uses the mechanical resonance of a
vibrating crystal of piezoelectric material to create an electrical signal with a very precise
frequency. This frequency is commonly used to keep track of time, to provide a stable clock
signal for digital integrated circuits, and to stabilize frequencies for radio transmitters and
receivers.
The most common type of piezoelectric resonator used is the quartz crystal, so oscillator
circuits designed around them were called "crystal oscillators”. A crystal is a solid in which
the constituent atoms, molecules, or ions are packed in a regularly ordered, repeating pattern
extending in all three spatial dime.

3.5 BLUETOOTH (TRANSRECIEVER)
BLUETOOTH was created to address the market need for a cost-effective, standards-
based wireless networking solution that supports low data-rates, low-power consumption-
users expect battery to last months to years, security, and reliability. BLUETOOTH is the
only standards-based technology that addresses the unique needs of most remote monitoring
and control and sensory network applications.
The initial markets for the BLUETOOTH Alliance include Consumer Electronics, Energy
Management and Efficiency, Health Care, Home Automation, Building Automation and
Industrial Automation.
Flame Sensor:

A sensor which is most sensitive to a normal light is known as a flame sensor. That’s why
this sensor module is used in flame alarms. This sensor detects flame otherwise wavelength
within the range of 760 nm – 1100 nm from the light source. This sensor can be easily
damaged to high temperature. So, this sensor can be placed at a certain distance from the
flame. The flame detection can be done from a 100cm distance and the detection angle will
be 600. The output of this sensor is an analog signal or digital signal. These sensors are used
in firefighting robots like as a flame alarm.
IR SENSOR
A Passive Infrared sensor (PIR sensor) is an electronic device that measures infrared (IR)
light radiating from objects in its field of view. PIR sensors are often used in the construction
of PIR-based motion detectors (see below). Apparent motion is detected when an infrared
source with one temperature, such as a human, passes in front of an infrared source with
another temperature, such as a wall.

AIR QUALITY SENSOR:
MQ-2 gas sensor has high sensitivity to LPG, Propane and Hydrogen, also could be used to
Methane and other combustible steam, it is low cost and suitable for various applications.
Using high-quality dual-panel design, with a power indicator and TTL signal output
instructions; With the DO switch signal (TTL) output, and AO analog signal output; TTL
output valid signal is low level; (When the low-level output signal lights, it can be connected
directly to the microcontroller or relay module)
DHT11:
The requirement of a sensor is to react for input physical property and convert it into an
electrical signal that is suitable with electronic circuits (Fraden 2010, 2). Sensors are

electronic devices that measure a physical quality such as light or temperature and convert it
to a voltage. Example of digital temperature and moisture sensor is presented in Graph 9.
There are two types of sensors: digital and analog.
The output of digital sensor where is between 0 and 1 which can translate to sensors voltage
range. Analog sensor can output any value between its voltage ranges. According to the
reading from the sensor changes its output. Digital sensor output is ON (1) often 5v, or OFF
(0), 0v. Analog sensor is used to measure precise numerical information like temperature or
speed. Analog sensors can output almost an infinite range of values. Output pin of sensor
connected to input pinafore denim show the digital form is obtained by the conversion of data.
After data is processed to digital form, it can be processed on the microcontroller. (Karvinen
& Karvinen, 2014.)
LCD16x2
LCD 16x2 is a 16-pin device that has 2 rows that can accommodate 16 characters each. LCD
16x2 can be used in 4-bit mode or 8-bit mode. It is also possible to create custom characters.
It has 8 data lines and 3 control lines that can be used for control purposes.

Chapter-4
SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS
The software components used in our project is listed below.

1. Arduino ide
2.Embedded C
4.1 Arduino ide
You will be needing Arduino IDE software to write and upload the programming
logic onto the Arduino Uno board
4.2 Embedded C
Embedded C is extensive and contains many advanced concepts. The range of modules
covers a full introduction to C, real-time and embedded systems concepts through to the
design and implementation of real time embedded or standalone systems based on real-time
operating systems and their device drivers. Real time Linux (RTLinux) is used as an example
of such a system. The modules include an introduction to the development of Linux device
drivers. Embedded C covers all of the important features of the C language as well as a good
grounding in the principles and practices of real-time systems development including the
POSIX threads (pthreads) specification.

The design of the modules is intended to provide an excellent working knowledge of the C
language and its application to serious real time or embedded systems. Those wanting in-
depth training specifically on RTLinux or Linux kernel internals should contact us to discuss
their requirements; this set of modules is geared more towards providing the groundwork for
approaching those domains rather than as in-depth training on a specific approach.
Embedded C contains essential information for anyone developing embedded systems such
as microcontrollers, real-time control systems, mobile device, PDAs and similar applications.
This C course is based on many years’ experiences of teaching C, extensive industrial
programming experience and also participation in the ANSI X3J11 and BSI standards bodies
that produced the standard for C. We focus on the needs of day-to-day users of the language
with the emphasis being on practical use and delivery of reliable software.
GENERAL ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES
I was interned at the Embedded Department where i was provided exposure to various
microcontroller boards that were available for development of various IOT application areas
like consumer, home automation, security, surveillance, health care, etc. The main agenda of
the department to bond the gap between the company and the students by providing them with
practical experience by considering the various constraints that comes into effect during the
physical implementation of a project.
The department where I was interned helped me bridge the gap between the industry
and academia by providing the complete experience to on board using the various
microcontroller boards like AVR microcontroller, nodemcu microcontroller etc.
The department has an Industry Excellence Experience Center to learn, innovate, and
prototype embedded designs on various Industry standard hardware and microcontroller
platforms. At the same time build a Rewarding Career to students in embedded Engineering
Domain. The Lab setup and training helped me to become a competent and productive Analog
and Digital design Engineers. The training enabled me to acquire knowledge, skills and
practical experience across the entire front end and backend Full Custom Flow (Circuit to
tape- out). The training covers key fundamental concepts of Physical Design methodology
which will enhance the employability of the students. The Sessions, Lab exercises and

Industry Standard Projects enabled me to get through instills confidence and the analytical
abilities required to work on complex industry’s challenges in various Deep Sub-Micron
Technology Process. Exposure to the use of Physical Design tools familiarity with timing
closure and related topics are covered.
KNOWLEDGE GAIN
DAY WORKDONE
1 Introduction of the company and about internship strategy
2 Introduction to C and Basic concepts involved in C-programming.
3 We learnt to write a program in C using some control statements

and defined functions.
4 Introduction to Embedded system and hardware components.
5 We have learnt how to program 8051.
6 Brief introduction about Internet of Things and Installation of
software which we are used.
7 Designing and deploying timers and interrupts.
8 Learn to use IDE like Cvavr, Arduino IDE
9 Understanding ADC and interfacing of sensors.

10 Understanding and Implementing UART Protocol

11 Interfacing external devices LCD, Relay

12 Understanding I2C protocol interfacing ds1307 (Real Time
Clock).
13 Learn to develop the hardware/software co-design.
14 Why Internet of Things (IOT).
15 Working on IOT with NodeMCU.
16 Robotics
17 We learnt to write a basic Embedded C code to interface in
Arduino uno Microcontroller.
18 Learnt about the rules involved to write a Embedded C code.
19 Brief explanation about Arduino uno Microcontroller
20 Interfacing of LED, Relay, IR sensor and DC Motor with Arduino
uno.
21 Brief introduction of projects.
22 Writing a code of our own Embedded C code depending upon our
project and interfacing using arduino uno.
23 Completion of project 1
25 Completion of Project 3
This internship has been an excellent learning experience for us. During the internship
I get meet new students from different colleges. I learnt most importantly time management
and team work.
Our internship company provided us good hands-on experience on IOT and
embedded system very well.
Finally, I learnt how to use Arduino uno board which is used for different application.
This will definitely help in my final year project.
CONCLUSION:

1. All injection parts are offline rework done for Hairline flash.
2. 200% inspection planned at offline before feeding to painting.
3. After removing Hairline flash from injection parts, air blower to remove any
removed flash sticked on parts.
4. To reduce outflow of NG parts to next customer. Defect map sheet is updating at

every production. And if any injection defects from Machine offline re-inspection
planned.

RESULT ANALYSIS:
 All injection parts are offline rework done for hairline flash by this we reduced NG
part.
 200% Inspection planned at offline before feeding to painting.
 After removing hairline flash air blower to remove any removed flash sticked on parts
by this we reduced NG parts and controlled flash on the part.

CHAPTER 3
SINGLE MAN POWER OPERATION [ 220T, 230T]
1. 220T Machine
2. 230T Machine
Purpose : To improve the ( man power ) efficiency of 220T machine & 230T machine.
Scope : To improve the efficiency of man power and to eliminate 1 man at 1 st shift by
combining both machine [ 220T / 230T ] .
3.1 ACTIVITIES AND IDEA :
 Combination of parts level tool selected based on number of cavity or number of parts
at a time.
 Selection of parts are done based on the quantity and easy operation (without any online
on critical inspection parts).
 MSCN - Raised for flash correction in 650A console inner.
 Sequence of operation need to be trained for members for different (both machines)
parts inspection.
 560B projection trails schedule to be planned for 2nd shift.
 Offline re-inspection planned for 1st week for all parts to confirm quantity and quality
inspection of part.
3.2 BENEFITS :
 Property of 1man power eliminated from both the machines.
 Savings in rupees for eliminate 1 member as 15000.
 Man movement whose working 220T machine to pick the parts for carrying is
eliminated.
 This eliminated 1 member can be utilized other machine work.


MAN POWER MAPPING PRESENT & PROPOSED CONDITION 1st SHIFT
2 Members Include Both

BEFORE Machine
1.2
MEMBERS
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
550T 250T 230T 220T
Series 1
MACHINES
1 Member Include Both

AFTER Machine
1.2
MEMBERS
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
550T 250T 230T 220T
Series 1
MACHINES

CONCLUSION :
1. Here one man power eliminated 220T machine.
2. Production pattern are quality revised as per this activated.
3. Pattern combination done by based on quality and inspection & number of part /
cavity.
4. No family parts and no multi cavities.
5. No compromise of safety and quality output.

REFERENCE
[1] C. R. A. Hallam, J. Muesel and W. Flannery (2010). Analysis of the Toyota

Production System and the genesis of Six Sigma programs: An imperative for
understanding failures in technology management culture transformation in
traditional manufacturing companies
[2] Piyachat Burawat (2018). Productivity Improvement of Toyota Production system by

Implementation of Lean Six Sigma, ECRS, Work Study, and 5S.
[3] Citation Albliwi, S.A., Antony, J. and Lim, S.A.h.(2015). A systematic review of
Lean Six Sigma for the manufacturing industry.
[4] Sanjay Kumar, Sunil Luthra, Kannan Govindan, Naveen Kumar & Abid Haleem
(2016). Barriers in green lean six sigma product development process.
[5] Markus, L.Stamm Thomas, R.Neitzert Darius, P.K. Singh (2009). TQM, TPM, TOC,
Lean and Six Sigma - evolution of manufacturing methodologies under the paradigm
shift from Taylorism/Fordism to Toyotism.
[6] Brian J. Galli, Lincoln C (2021). Wood. How to Apply System Analysis and System
Thinking to Lean Six Sigma Initiatives
[7] Jingjing ZHU (2017). Six sigma robust design optimization for thermal protection
system of hypersonic vehicles based on successive response surface method.
[8] Paul SOARE (2012). Opportunities for driving continuous improvement through
tqm, lean and six sigma within business process management.
[9] Jiju Antony, Ronald Snee, Roger Hoerl (2017). Lean Six Sigma:Yesterday,today and
tomarrow.
[10] Edward D. Arnheiter John Maleyeff (2005). The integration of lean management and
Six Sigma
[11] M.P.J. Pepper, T.A. Spedding (2010). The evolution of lean Six sigma.

[12] Andrea Chiarini (2011). Japanese total quality control, TQM, Deming’s system of
profund knowledge, BPR, Lean and Six Sigma: Comparison and discussion.

Madhu

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VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY

JNANA SANGAMA, BELAGAVI-590018, KARNATAKA

“EMBEDDED SYSTEM AND IOT”

Under the Guidance of

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Asst. Prof., MAHESH H R

Name of the Examiners Signature with Date

I take this opportunity to express my profound gratitude to Dr. A V SEETHA

I would like to mention special thanks to all my Teaching Faculties of Department of

MANJUNATH M ANGADI [1JV18ME003]

DETAILS Page No.

Chapter 2 COMPANY PROFILE 5

Chapter 3 SINGLE MAN POWER OPERATION 13

Figure No. Name of the Figure Page No.

1.1 Injection Moulding Machine 1

1.1ABOUT EMBEDDED SYSTEM

The combination of hardware and software either fixed in capability or programmable is

Based on the Performance and Functional Requirement:

1.2 DETACHED EMBEDDED SYSTEMS:

1.3 NETWORKED EMBEDDED SYSTEMS:

Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Page no. 1

wired. This system is highest growing area in embedded system applications.

1.2.1 MOBILE EMBEDDED SYSTEMS:

How does IoT work?

Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Page no. 2

Based on the Performance of the Microcontroller:

1.SMALL SCALE EMBEDDED SYSTEMS:

2.MEDIUM SCALE EMBEDDED SYSTEMS:

3.WORDLY EMBEDDED SYSTEMS:

Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Page no. 3

TAKE IT SMART (OPC) PVT.LTD is an Indian based engineering and

2.2 COMPANY STRATERGY

 To incorporate good business practices in order to achieve customer satisfaction and

 To grow through creativity, invention and innovation.

 To understand customer requirements and fulfill them.

Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Page no. 4

 To increase the productivity and improve the customer service satisfaction.

 To do Innovations in Software field and provide quality services to deliver a range of

2.3 COMPANY SERVICES

 Web design and development

 Android app Development

Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Page no. 5

 Distribution department distributes the products across the industries.

Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Page no. 6

Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Page no. 7

Fig 3.1: Architectural Block Diagram of ATmega 328

Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Page no. 8

Fig 3.3: Pin configuration of the Atmega38 microcontroller

Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Page no. 9

the PINxn register bit, irrespective of the DDxn pin setting.

3.1.7 Analog to digital converter

A universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter (usually abbreviated UART and

 Asynchronous or Synchronous Operation

Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Page no. 10

3.1 NodeMCU V3 For Fast IoT Application

Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Page no. 11

Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Page no. 12

3.2 Power Supply

Fig 3.4: Relay symbol

Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Page no. 13

Fig 3.5: Circuit diagram of relay