UNIVERSITY OF THE CORDILLERAS

GOV. PACK ROAD, BAGUIO CITY

SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND SOCIETY

ASSIGNMENT
BIOTECHNOLOGY

NAME: Urbano, Cassandra Jevielle DATE: 02/20/2023

SCHEDULE: FS 1:30-3:20

INSTRUCTION: RESEARCH THE FOLLOWING

What is biotechnology? - Biotechnology is technology based on biology or the use of biological systems
such as an organism, component of an organism, or other living systems to solve problems and make
useful products or processes to help improve our lives and the health of our planet (Khan Academy, n.d).
These living organisms are also used to make technological advances and adapt those technologies to
various fields. In addition to being used in the medical sector, it also includes applications in multiple
fields, from agricultural practice to refining industrial processes (Rinkesh, 2018).

Stages of Biotechnology

1. Ancient Biotechnology - Ancient biotechnology begins with early civilization from Pre-historic times
until 1800s. Few records exist regarding ancient biotechnology, and ancient carvings and sketches are the
main sources of information. Most of the developments in the ancient period can be termed as
‘discoveries’ or ‘developments,’ such as developments in agriculture and food production, shelter, and
domestication of animals. Based on these developments, we can conclude that all these inventions were
based on common observations about nature, which could be put to test for the betterment of human life
at that point in time (Rajak, 2018).

2. Classical Biotechnology - The second phase of evolution and development of biotechnology, which
existed from 1800 to almost the middle of the twentieth century.
During this period various observations started pouring in, with scientific evidences. They were all very
helpful toward solving the puzzles of biotechnology. Each and every contribution from different
individuals helped to solve the puzzle and pave the path for new discoveries. In this period, they made
wide spread use of methods from ancient biotechnology, especially fermentation, in order to produce
large quantities of food products and other materials in short amount of time to meet demands of
increasing population (Rajak, 2018).

3. Modern Biotechnology - After the end of the second world war some, very crucial discoveries were
reported, which paved the path for modern biotechnology and to its current status. Many methods
developed through classical biotech are widely used in modern biotechnology (Rajak, 2018). Some
important discoveries are the manipulation of genetic material within organisms, genetic engineering, and
various technologies which enable us to improve crop yield and food quality in agriculture and to produce
a broader array of products in industries (Bhatia, 2018).

Branches of biotechnology

1. Red Biotechnology

2. White Biotechnology

3. Green Biotechnology

4. Grey Biotechnology

5. Blue Biotechnology

Types of Biotechnology and applications

1
1. Microbial Biotechnology

2. Agricultural Biotechnology

3. Animal Biotechnology

4. Forensic Biotechnology

5. Bioremediation

6. Aquatic Biotechnology

7. Medical Biotechnology

8. Regulatory Biotechnology

Biotechnology Philippines

REFERENCES:

Bhatia, S. (2018, May). “History, scope and development of biotechnology.” Iopscience

https://iopscience.iop.org/book/mono/978-0-7503-1299-8/chapter/bk978-0-7503-1299-8ch1

Khan Academy (n.d). “Intro to biotechnology.”

https://www.khanacademy.org/science/ap-biology/gene-expression-and-regulation/
biotechnology/a/intro-to-biotechnology

Rajak, S. (2018, Sept.). “Review on Different Stages of Biotechnology and its Application.” jetir.org
https://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR1809948.pdf

Rinkesh (2018, Jan. 25). “What is Biotechnology: Types, Examples, Branches and Applications.”
ConserveEnergyFuture.com
https://www.conserve-energy-future.com/biotechnology-types-examples-applications.php