Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
DIVISION OF CALAPAN CITY

Business Ethics and

Social Responsibility
Quarter 3 – Module 2
Foundations of the Principles of
Business Ethics

BUSINESS ETHICS and SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY

CONTENT STANDARD: The learners demonstrate an understanding of;
1.classical philosophies specifically, virtue ethics (Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, Confucius, etc.)
2.the impact of belief systems (Buddhism, Islam, Christianity, etc.
3.the Filipino Value System (Utang na loob, Filial Piety, Padrino Suki, Bahala na-Mañana, amor Propio,
Filipino Family Values)

PERFORMANCE STANDARD: The learners shall be able to

1.identify the classical philosophies and their implication for business principles and practices
2.describe various belief systems, and differences n relation to the business setting
3. describe how the Filipino value system affects the attitudes of business constituents

MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING COMPETENCIES: The learners;

2.1 Illustrate how these philosophies are reflected into business practices ABM_ESR12-IIIe-h-
2.1
2.2 Explain how the belief systems influence business practices ABM_ESR12-IIIe-h-2.2
2.3 Infer how Filipino value system influence business practicesABM_ESR12-IIIe-h-2.3
2.4 Generate ways to improve business practices guided by the philosophies, belief system or
Filipino values ABM_ESR12-IIIe-h-2.4

What I Know

Before heading on to our lesson, let us first check what you already know.

Direction: Read each statement below and evaluate which of the choices is being described by
the statement. Write the letter of the correct answer on the space provide before each item.

1.______ A form of applied ethics or professional ethics, that examines ethical principles and
moral or ethical problems that can arise in a business environment
a. Business Ethics c. Religion
b. Ethics d. Belief System
2.______ A branch of philosophy that "involves systematizing, defending, and recommending
concepts of right and wrong behavior.
a. Business Ethics c. Religion
b. Ethics d. Belief System
3._______ A set of principles or tenets which together form the basis of a religion, philosophy,
or moral code.
a. Business Ethics c. Religion
b. Ethics d. Belief System
4._______ Define as a set of beliefs concerning the cause, nature, and purpose of the universe,
especially when considered as the creation of a superhuman agency or agencies, usually
involving devotional and ritual observances, and often containing a moral code governing the
conduct of human affairs.
a. Business Ethics c. Religion
b. Ethics d. Belief System
5._______ He is best known for the Socratic method of question and answer. He is known for
his classic philosophy, HAVE THE COURAGE TO DISAGREE.
a. Socrates c. Aristotle
b. Confucius d. Plato
6.________His prime belief was that a person must study themselves in order to find out their
level of character. His classic philosophy is THE POWER TO RULE.
a. Socrates c. Aristotle
b. Confucius d. Plato
7.________In _______________________ the Jewish business ethics is illustrated by the widely
quoted Talmudic tradition. Thus, in the treatment of workers, the Jews are obliged to pay their
workers on time, pay their workers a living wage and treat their workers with dignity and
respect. On the side of the workers, it is important not to steal company time.
a. Christianity c. Muslim and non-Muslim
b. Judaism d. Islam
8.________In Islam, Prophet Muhammad’s on honesty and kind dealings with customers are the
secrets of success in business. It also requires being honest in dealings with
_________________________________ alike.
a. Christianity c. Muslim and non-Muslim
b. Judaism d. Islam
9._______ A mother offers her daughter’s friend food to eat and a room to spend the night.
a. Utang na loob c. Hard work
b. Hospitality d. Padrino
10._______ Mario’s driver’s license process immediately by his godfather, an LTO personnel.
a. Utang na loob c. Hard work
b. Hospitality d. Padrino

Lesson Illustrate how these philosophies are

reflected into business practices
1
Ethics or moral philosophy is a branch of philosophy that "involves systematizing,
defending, and recommending concepts of right and wrong behavior.
Business ethics (also known as corporate ethics) is a form of applied
ethics or professional ethics, that examines ethical principles and moral or ethical problems that
can arise in a business environment. It applies to all aspects of business conduct and is relevant
to the conduct of individuals and entire organizations. As an applied branch of General Ethics, it
must be studied from the perspective of Philosophy. This is because Ethics is a part of moral
principles.
Ethics is more concerned with standards of conduct acceptable to a group, a profession,
or members of an organization.

What Is It?

The philosophies of these Classical Philosophers have a great implication on business and
are the foundation of the principles of the business ethics.
Socrates
His known for his classic philosophy, HAVE THE COURAGE TO DISAGREE. He is best
known for the Socratic method of question and answer. The Socratic method is a way of thinking
that allows individuals to define their own purpose for learning. In business, administrators ought
not to sleepwalk or basically oblige the group.  

Plato’s classic philosophy

THE POWER TO RULE. His prime belief was that a person must study themselves in order to
find out their level of character. He is acclaimed for his choices regarding the matter of the real
world. In business, it is constantly vital to know the qualities and shortcomings of everybody.  

Aristotle’s classic philosophy

LET PEOPLE SEEK FULFILLMENT. He was the most practical and business oriented of all
philosophers. In business, the association must give and condition that is conductive to human
development and satisfaction.  

Confucius
The most famous of his golden rule: DO NOT DO UNTO OTHERS WHAT YOU DO NOT
WANT OTHERS DO UNTO YOU, and his famous classic philosophy is LIVE A
CONTENTED, MORAL AND HAPPY LIFE. Confucian values can aid in the creation of
business leaders who are true leaders of the society.

Plutarch
The ancient Greek historian and educator, understood that humans are incredibly social
creatures, who constantly observe the people around them and imitate them. He is famous in his
philosophy, BE A GOOD ROLE MODEL. In organisational terms, that means what you say to
your employees is less important than what you do. They will watch how you behave, how you
treat others, how you cope with pressure and whether you follow through on your promises. And
they will imitate you, they will follow your lead.

Epicurus
THE ART OF HAPPINESS. Epicurus was a fourth century Greek philosopher who taught,
rather scandalously, that the aim of life was simply to be as happy as possible here on Earth. He
warned that humans are very bad at being happy, and very good at inventing reasons to be
miserable. Today, some companies are embracing Epicurus' philosophy, and trying to teach their
employees the art of happiness.

Immanuel Kant
One of the most influential philosophers in the history of Western philosophy. He advances the
theory of deontology or deontological ethics, the theory of duty and obligation.

What’s New

Activity 1
Direction. Identify the following. Write your answer on the space provided.

Confucius Epicurus Aristotle

 Plato Plutarch Socrates
_____________1.He was the most practical and business oriented of all philosophers. His classic
philosophy is LET PEOPLE SEEK FULFILLMENT.
_____________2.He is best known for the Socratic method of question and answer. He is known
for his classic philosophy, HAVE THE COURAGE TO DISAGREE.
_____________3.He was a fourth century Greek philosopher who taught that the aim of life was
simply to be as happy as possible here on Earth. He is very famous for his ART OF
HAPPINESS.
_____________4.His prime belief was that a person must study themselves in order to find out
their level of character. His classic philosophy is THE POWER TO RULE.
_____________5.He is famous for his golden rule and his famous classic philosophy is LIVE A
CONTENTED, MORAL AND HAPPY LIFE

What Is It?

Plato held that the moral values are objective, absolute, or eternal. They never change,
they are universal as they apply to all rational creatures around the world and throughout the
time. Aristotle on the other hand philosophized that virtues are good habit that we acquire which
regulate our emotions. Kantian ethics emphasize a single principle of duty, that we have moral
duties to one self and others.

Since ethics is universal and the same for all, companies should obey the same ethical
rules wherever they operate. It usually starts on those basic ethical norms on which all or the
majority of people agree. Thus, the history of ethics in business makes evident that ethical
doctrines have influenced the thinking on the morality of businesses.

Various moral philosophers’ views get applied in day-to-day business situations. Since
the time of Socrates in the West and Confucius in the East, philosophers have sought the basis
for right conduct in human reason.

The theories of the three major Greek philosophers, Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle shaped
western thought in areas such as persuasion and negotiation, the structure of political society, and
virtue ethics. Their philosophical principles can be applied in management and leadership.

Socrates dialectic method of inquiry used to draw the truth out of the individual.
Managers needed to involve and guide their team while engaging them to action through the use
of questions in a process of clarity. Using the principles of the Socratic method, managers can
draw out the best in individuals while helping their goals and share their vision for mutual
benefits.

Plato’s thought suggests that the right people be in the right position and in what ways his
thought can inform leadership.
The Ethics of Aristotle: Virtue Theory

Virtue Theory doesn't judge actions as right or wrong but rather the character of the person doing
the actions. It put emphasis on the development of human values and moral character. His virtue
theory turns out to be the most promising representative of the pre-modern category of moral
theory. Instead of trying to form specific rules for everyone to follow, it proposes to build a
virtuous character. In a sense, we all know what it means to have a virtuous character, we all
know who can be counted upon to do the right thing. In this classic virtue theory, four virtues
stand out, courage, moderation, justice, and prudence. Virtues matter in management and
finance.

The Ethics of Bentham and Mill: Utilitarianism

Jeremy Bentham, an attorney, a consultant to the British Parliament in the late-eighteenth

century. Bentham found a ready supporter and lieutenant in James Mill (1773–1836), a Scottish
lawyer who came to assist Bentham in championing utilitarianism as a political philosophy.
Utilitarian ethical theories are based on one’s ability to predict the consequences of an action.
When making moral decisions, we are advised to select that action which produces the greatest
amount of good for the greatest number of people. If the balance of good or happiness or
usefulness outweighs that of evil, harm, or unhappiness, then the choice is a moral one. Due to
this emphasis on the outcome of ethical decisions, utilitarianism is classified as a
consequentialist theory.

The Ethics of Kant: Deontology

The term deontology stems from the Greek deon—duty, obligation, or command. The
deontological class of ethical theories states that people should adhere to their obligations and
duties when engaged in decision making when ethics are in play. Kant argued that there is more
foundational principle of duty. He call it categorical imperative, it simply mandates an action,
irrespective of one’s personal desires. For Kant, we should treat people as an end, and never as a
means to an end. That is why we should always treat people with dignity, and never use them as
mere instruments.
The Ethics of John Rawls: Justice Theory

Rawls is a uniquely American political philosopher, and this can be seen from his emphasis on
political liberty. He labeled his ethics to be “justice as fairness,” and he developed it over nearly
a lifetime. In Western thought, Rights theories, a right refers to a person’s just claim or
entitlement. Justice theories define justice as the ideal,

Lesson Explain how the belief systems

2 influence business practices

A belief system is a set of principles or tenets which together form the basis of a
religion, philosophy, or moral code.

Historically, since the dawn of civilization, religious beliefs have been some of the
most powerful influences on human behavior. This lesson defines religion and explores its
impact on business practices.

Religion is defined as a set of beliefs concerning the cause, nature, and purpose of
the universe, especially when considered as the creation of a superhuman agency or
agencies, usually involving devotional and ritual observances, and often containing a moral
code governing the conduct of human affairs. It is a systematic set of beliefs that influences
human behaviour.

What I Know
 Activity 1

Direction: Read the paragraph below. Give a brief answer to the following question. Write your
answer on your activity notebook.

Falsifying Attendance
(Case prepared by Gov. Jose B. Fernandez Jr. Ethics Center, Ateneo de Manila, Philippines)

Mr. A, an employee, timed in 4 minutes and 27 seconds late for work this morning.
While he won’t get fired for it, being late this once means that he will not receive the perfect
attendance incentive which he needs to make ends meet, given his daughter’s recent series of
hospitalizations. He actually arrived in the office five minutes early but was unable to clock in
immediately because his direct superior, Mr. B, asked him for an informal project progress report
as soon as he walked in the door. As a Junior System Administrator, Mr. A has access and the
capability to edit the company’s attendance records. He figures that since he was unable to punch
in only because of his boss, it wouldn’t hurt to edit the timestamp on his attendance for today.
Has Mr. A done anything wrong? Discuss your answer

_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________

What’s In

There are 8 major religions in the world, namely, Judaism, Christianity, Islam,
Hinduism, Buddhism, Confucianism, Taoism, and Shintoism. Each of these religions has its
own organized system of beliefs, ceremonies, and worship. Each religion offers positive
endeavor in both lives and in business. In a global sense, business means dealing with people of
different religions.

Judaism
The Jewish business ethics is illustrated by the widely quoted Talmudic tradition that in one’s
judgment in the next world the first question asked is: “Were you honest in business?” Thus, in
the treatment of workers, the Jews are obliged to pay their workers on time, pay their workers a
living wage and treat their workers with dignity and respect. On the side of the workers, it is
important not to steal company time.

Christianity
Christian businessmen and women follow the stewardship doctrine. Accordingly, as God
appointed mankind as the stewards of the earth, the Lord entrusted them all his resources to
manage them with care and skill. Christian business professionals depend on the Lord’s
leadership for their business by asking blessings through prayer to provide strategic direction,
resources, earnings, etc. Christian business professionals also believed that the Lord delight in
justice, therefore in conducting a business transaction, they must be fair, like paying the workers
with fair wages and appropriate work conditions. Thus, it is not only biblical but most likely it
improves business since employees will tend to work more and be productive and happy in their
work. Being productive means, we use our knowledge and resources that Lord has given to us. In
the life of Christian business professionals, hard work is essential in conducting business
profitably.

Islam
Prophet Muhammad’s doctrine on honesty and kind dealings with customers are the secrets of
success in business. According to Islam, no fraud or deceit, sellers must avoid making many
oaths when selling merchandise, mutual consent is necessary. They are also strict when it comes
to weights and measures. The prophet also forbade monopolies and a free enterprise is
encouraged. Hoarding merchandise to increase the price is forbidden. Islam also requires being
honest in dealings with Muslim and non-Muslim alike.

Hinduism
The third religion in the world by a number of believers mainly in India. The Tata Group is the
most respected business house in India. The five core Tata values describe their businesses
process. Integrity is to conduct business fairly, with honesty and transparency. Understanding is
to care, show respect, compassion and humanity for colleagues. Excellence is to constantly strive
to achieve the highest possible standards of work in the quality of goods and services. Unity is to
work with colleagues and building a strong relationship across the group, and with customers
and partners around the world, based on tolerance, understanding, and mutual cooperation and to
continue to be responsible.

Buddhism
Work hard, no excuses, to those who do not want to work, they let their chance pass by. A good
work ethics and a great attitude, very little will stand in your way. If you work hard, rest well, is
one of the values of practicing Buddhism is a focus on centering and balance. The Buddhist
practice of mindfulness can be a key to good business. Remember to be calm, and not to obsess
too much about positive or negative feedback.

Confucianism
Confucian ethics are described as humanistic. Confucianism is the most profound and dynamic
thought system in traditional Chinese culture. It is not surprising that traditional Chinese business
culture was deeply associated with Confucianism.

Taoism
Taoists believe such good behavior is an essential part not only of self-improvement but of
improving the world as a whole. Taoism suggests that the ideal way for a leader to run their
country is by example. A good leader is one that the people respects and whose instructions are
willingly followed.

Shintoism
Work is understood to be a self-expression of the great life force, Japanese people try to unify
themselves with the great life force by concentrating on their own work. For Japanese, the
company name is more important than the job title, the community they belong to is much more
important than what they do.

What’s New
 Activity 2

Direction: Read the paragraph below. Give a brief answer to the following questions in your
answer sheet.
Rumors
(Case prepared by Gov. Jose B. Fernandez Jr. Ethics Center, Ateneo de Manila, Philippines)

A few months ago, Ms. A, Head of the Sales and Marketing Department of B Company,
formally announced to her staff that she will be leaving the company in order to be able to
concentrate on her family. Since she will be leaving, there is room for a promotion and that she
would nominate their two top performers, Ms. C and Ms. D, to the HRMD.

In an effort to give herself an upper hand, Ms. C closes deals with three big clients two
days right after Ms. A’s announcement. Two weeks after Ms. A’s announcement, stories about
Ms. C begin to make their rounds and quickly become the mainstay headlines of office gossip.
The most scandalous rumor is that Ms. C offers sexual services to her clients – both male and
female – in order to close her sales. In the face of all these rumors, Ms. C continues to deliver
excellent work. The time has come to promote of the candidates. Based on performance, Ms. C is
the better candidate but both could do the job. If you are the Manager, should you consider the
rumors? What should you do?

What Is It?

While there are few common religious practices that may affect the business practices
include - prayer breaks for the Muslim employees, however, there are a few practices where
people follow religious guidelines to go ahead and help people out of their way, to forgive,
follow healthy lifestyles like no smoking and no alcohol, etc.
Religion and business have throughout history interacted in ways that relate to and
affected one another, as well as influenced sociocultural evolution, political geographies, and
labor laws. As businesses expand globally, they seek a new market which leads to expanding
their corporation’s norms and rules to encompass the new locations norms which most often
involve religious rules and terms.

2018 Masterpiece Cakeshop Ltd v. Colorado Civil Rights Commission (7-2):

Masterpiece Cake Shop refused to make a cake for a wedding between two gay men due
to the businesses religious standing. The Colorado Civil rights Commission sided with the
customers on the basis of discrimination on sexual orientation. The U.S Supreme Court reversed
the Colorado Civil rights Commission's decision stating that they violated the business owner of
Masterpiece Cake Shop’s right to their free exercise of religion.

What’s More

Activity 4
Direction: Fill in the blanks. Write your answer on the space provided.

Business ethics Muslim and non-Muslim Japanese

Belief system Ethics or moral philosophy Judaism

__________________ 1. A branch of philosophy that "involves systematizing, defending,

and recommending concepts of right and wrong behavior

__________________ 2. Also known as corporate ethics or a form of applied ethics or

professional ethics, that examines ethical principles and moral or ethical problems that
can arise in a business environment.

__________________ 3. A set of principles or tenets which together form the basis of a

religion, philosophy, or moral code.

__________________ 4. The Jewish business ethics is illustrated by the widely quoted

Talmudic tradition. Thus, in the treatment of workers, the Jews are obliged to pay their
workers on time, pay their workers a living wage and treat their workers with dignity and
respect. On the side of the workers, it is important not to steal company time.
__________________ 5. In Islam, Prophet Muhammad’s on honesty and kind dealings with
customers are the secrets of success in business. It also requires being honest in dealings
with _________________________________ alike.

Lesson Filipino Values that Influence

3 Business Practices

Learning Objectives:

At the end of the lesson, it is expected that the learners must be able to:
 1. Enumerate the various Filipino system that influence business practices
2. Explain the importance of Filipino values in terms of business practices
3. Make ways to improve business practices guided by philosophies, beliefs and
Filipino values

What Is It?

Most Filipinos are connected together with their beliefs, culture, tradition, characters,
traits and common values. Values are first taught at home and are adapt, implement in the
society. It plays a vital role on the way we live, decide, choose and interprets our daily activities
in life. In ethics, values denote the degree of importance of something or action, with the aim in
determining what actions are best to do or what way is best to live, or to describe the significance
of different action.
Filipino values refers to the set of values that significant and inclined with one’s culture
by the influenced of people connected with like family, relatives, ancestors or friends. It
preserves social harmony that promotes connection, unity and may understand set of people. It
includes the inimitable collection of dependable philosophies, moral codes, ethical practices,
etiquette, cultural and personal values encourage by the family or the society they belong.
The management and sustainability of the business depends on the values and beliefs of
the proprietor. In the Philippines, Filipino entrepreneurs may implement rules, practices and
principle based on their values they had grown up with their family, learnt and adapt.
The most popular Filipino values that influence business practices are the following:

Pakikisama (Fellowship)
The word “pakikisama” (fellowship) comes from the word “sama” and prefix “paki”, and
literally means to accompany someone. Fellowship is used to maintain good relations with
others, and the fellowship is associated with adaptation, dealings and harmony. In business
practices, the proprietor must establish “pakikisama” to their employees, suppliers and
customers because it implies closeness to the others that would create a sustainable growth
relationship.
Hospitality
Is the relationship between a guest and a host, wherein the host receives the guest with goodwill,
including the reception and entertainment of guests, visitors, or strangers. Entrepreneurs should
master on how to treat and provide excellent services on welcoming their suppliers and
customers to create a good reputation and relationship since hospitality plays the fundamental
role to increase or decrease the volume of sales, popularity and production growth in a business.
Family Orientation
It refers to the family in which a person is raised. It includes one’s parents and siblings. It may
also include grandparents or other relatives. It is a primary platform for which one encounters
early socialization experiences. Values and beliefs can be learned from the family that will
inculcate to a child as he/she matures into an adult. The Filipino valued their family and being
closed to one another until the last of their generation. Most of the successful entrepreneurs
acquired and gained this ample knowledge in dealing with their business from their family.
Consequently, they became well trained to manage their family business. Others inherit the skills
not only from their family business but also the values and beliefs in managing and operating
their business.
Joy and Humor
Business operates and growth not only by means of profit and management. An entrepreneur
operates business to find joy and happiness in his life. Helping people by promoting employment
and providing quality product and services to their clients create a joyful feeling. Filipino values
always find reason to feel joy and has a sense of humor to established camaraderie to others. It
sheds light on the optimism and positivity of Filipinos in whatever situation they are in. It serves
as a coping technique to remain determined in every struggles or challenges in life and in
business.
Ability to Survive
A Filipino has a sense of resourcefulness or the ability to survive with whatever situation or
challenges they have. They have an extraordinary ability to create something out of almost
nothing. If a Filipino is trap in an uninhabited island, he would still be able to find a safe area to
stay, provide materials to build a house, find foods to eat and create different tools to survive. In
business, if it is needed to promote and increase the volume of sales, a Filipino has always the
ability to find different techniques, marketing strategy and idea to perform and create a
productive in order the business to survive.
Hard work and Industriousness
Filipinos are determined and persistence to accomplish whatever they have set in their minds. In
business, hard work and industriousness play a vital role to establish and develop business
progress. They need employees who are willing to work overtime, with minimal supervision and
resourcefulness comes with a hard work to serve the business.
Flexibility, Adaptability and Creativity
Filipino has an ability to adapt, adopt and adept in any changes and challenges in life either in
spiritual, social, emotional and physical aspect. In business, unplanned and anticipated events in
market would not disturb the flexibility and adaptability values of Filipino entrepreneurs. They
could easily produce creative strategy, technique and style to adjust challenges and compete with
others.
Utang na Loob (Debt of Gratitude)
It shows duties and responsibility to pay the debts (utang) and return it with inner-self-free will
(na-loob) the unsolicited gift or good treatment received from other people. An obligation to
appropriately repay the good deeds which value is impossible to quantify or if there is a
quantifiable value it may involve deeply personal internal dimension that will usually starts from
one generation and continue to another generation. In business, plenty of reasons that it may
influence the business practices either positive or negative outcome that may vary with ethical
issues.
Filial Piety
To show respect, love, care and support to their elders, parents, relatives and ancestors. It
upholds the affection and display courtesy to the family that most cases are likely working
together in one company; living together in one house; paying the house bills of their parents. It
also to take good care to one’s parents and engage in good conduct not just towards parents but
also outside the home so as to bring a good name to one’s parents and ancestors.
Padrino (Whom you know system)
It supports with the strong relationship of people. Most of the job seekers automatically hired
regardless with their qualifications and educational background through endorsements, political
connections, family affiliations (nepotism) or friendships (cronyism).
Suki
It shows loyalty and trust relationship between a customer and supplier. It usually establishes at
the market or business. If a buyer finds a trusted seller that offers a quality product they need, the
loyalty and commercial connection of a buyer will be established to the seller and made several
business transactions with their so called “suki”.
Bahala Na
The Bahala Na Filipino value shows letting things happen beyond their control. It shows an
attitude of a person that is willing to submit everything to God or leaving things to happen by
fate. Some of investors operate business beyond their control, they will only believe that the
market will accept it if they will “do their best and let God do the rest.”

Mañana
It comes from the Spanish word “Mañana” which literally means “tomorrow” or “unspecified
future time”. In business, the attitude that tends to delay the task, putting off tomorrow what they
can do for today or postpone on the things that should be done right now may reduce volume of
sales, loss customer trust and satisfaction, waste opportunities and interrupt the work flow.
Amor Propio
Is a Spanish word which means “self – love”, a sense of self-esteem or self-respect that prevents
a person from swallowing his pride and concerned for one’s reputation. It includes sensitivity to
personal insult or affront.

What’s More

Activity 2. Test your knowledge

Direction: Read each statement carefully. Identify what is being described in each statement.
Write your answers on the space provide.

______ 1. A responsibility to repay the good deeds which value is impossible to quantify or
if there is a quantifiable value it may involve deeply personal internal dimension that will
usually starts from one generation and continue to another generation.
a. Utang na loob c. Pakikisama
b. Filipino Value System d. Suki
_______2.To maintain good relations with others, and the fellowship is associated with
adaptation, dealings and harmony.
a. Utang na loob c. Pakikisama
b. Filipino Value System d. Suki
_______3.Refers to the set of values that significant and inclined with one’s culture by the
influenced of people connected with like family, relatives, ancestors or friends.
a. Utang na loob c. Pakikisama
b. Filipino Value System d. Suki
_______ 4.A commercial connection between a seller and a buyer.
a. Utang na loob c. Pakikisama
b. Filipino Value System d. Suki
________5.It shows an attitude of a person that is willing to submit everything by fate or
“come what may”.
a. Family orientation c. Amor Propio
b. Bahala na d. Joy and Humor
_________6.Is a Spanish word which means “self – love”, a sense of self-esteem or self-
respect that prevents a person from swallowing his pride and concerned for one’s reputation.
a. Family orientation c. Amor Propio
b. Bahala na d. Joy and Humor
_________7.It is a primary platform for which one encounters early socialization experiences.
a. Family orientation c. Amor Propio
b. Bahala na d. Joy and Humor
_________ 8.It sheds light on the optimism and positivity of Filipinos in whatever situation
they are in. It serves as a coping technique to remain determined in every struggles or challenges
in life and in business.
a. Family orientation c. Amor Propio
b. Bahala na d. Joy and Humor

_______9.It upholds the affection and display courtesy to the family that most cases are like
working together in one company; living together in one house; paying the house bills of their
parents.
a. Filial Piety c. Bahala na
b. Values d. Suki
 _______10.It denotes the degree of importance of something or action, with the aim to
determining what actions are best to do or what way is best to live, or to describe the significance
of different action.
a. Filial Piety c. Bahala na
b. Values d. Suki

What I have Learned?

Reflective Question
Directions: Draw what you have learned on Filipino value system that influence business
practices and explain. (use bond paper)

Assessment

Let check how much you learned from this module’s coverage

Direction. Answer the 10-item Simple Recall Test .

1.Define as a set of beliefs concerning the cause, nature, and purpose of the universe, especially
when considered as the creation of a superhuman agency or agencies, usually involving
devotional and ritual observances, and often containing a moral code governing the conduct of
human affairs.
a. Business Ethics c. Religion
b. Ethics d. Belief System
2.A form of applied ethics or professional ethics, that examines ethical principles and moral or
ethical problems that can arise in a business environment
a. Business Ethics c. Religion
b. Ethics d. Belief System
3.In Islam, Prophet Muhammad’s on honesty and kind dealings with customers are the secrets of
success in business. It also requires being honest in dealings with
_________________________________ alike.
a. Christianity c. Muslim and non-Muslim
b. Judaism d. Islam
4.A branch of philosophy that "involves systematizing, defending, and recommending concepts
of right and wrong behavior.
a. Business Ethics c. Religion
b. Ethics d. Belief System
5.Mario’s driver’s license process immediately by his godfather, an LTO personnel.
a. Utang na loob c. Hard work
b. Hospitality d. Padrino
6.A mother offers her daughter’s friend food to eat and a room to spend the night.
a. Utang na loob c. Hard work
b. Hospitality d. Padrino
7.His prime belief was that a person must study themselves in order to find out their level of
character. His classic philosophy is THE POWER TO RULE.
a. Socrates c. Aristotle
b. Confucius d. Plato
8.A set of principles or tenets which together form the basis of a religion, philosophy, or moral
code.
a. Business Ethics c. Religion
b. Ethics d. Belief System
9.In _______________________ the Jewish business ethics is illustrated by the widely quoted
Talmudic tradition. Thus, in the treatment of workers, the Jews are obliged to pay their workers
on time, pay their workers a living wage and treat their workers with dignity and respect. On the
side of the workers, it is important not to steal company time.
a. Christianity c. Muslim and non-Muslim
b. Judaism d. Islam
10.He is best known for the Socratic method of question and answer. He is known for his classic
philosophy, HAVE THE COURAGE TO DISAGREE.
a. Socrates c. Aristotle
b. Confucius d. Plato

References:
Aliza Racelis, RBS Business Ethics and Social Responsibility, First Edition 2017
DepEd Fundamentals of Accountancy, Business Management 1, E-
Bookhttps://brainly.in/question/7508715
https://www.academia.edu/36905140/Foundations_of_the_Principles_of_Business_Ethics
https://www.theguardian.com/sustainable-business/business-learn-from-ancient-philosophers
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_ethics
https://vsnhub.com/model-of-thinking/ancient-greek-philosophers-at-a-business-meeting/
https://opentextbc.ca/businessethicsopenstax/back-matter/the-lives-of-ethical-philosophers/
https://www.dsef.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/07/EthicalTheories.pdf
https://www.dictionary.com/browse/religion
https://www.jesuitdigitalnetwork.org/authoring/8730-short-business-ethics-cases-for-use-in-
class/view
https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2015/01/how-does-faith-impact-business-in-emerging-
markets/
https://prezi.com/p/ttvqiu5vn6j2/etech/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religion_and_business
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filipino_values#:~:text=The%20Filipino%20value%20system
%20or,held%20important%20in%20their%20lives.&text=As%20with%20any%20society
%20though,religion%2C%20upbringing%20and%20other%20factors.
https://owlcation.com/social-sciences/Filipino-Traits-and-Characteristics
https://prezi.com/p/b4mzgtwgnmlw/filipino-value-systems-in-business/#:~:text=Filipino%20value
%20system%20is%20defined,an%20influence%20of%20one's%20culture.&text=the
%20Philippine%20value%20system%20includes,are%20encouraged%20by%20their
%20society.
https://tl.m.wiktionary.org/wiki/pakikisama
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hospitality#:~:text=Hospitality%20is%20the%20relationship
%20between,guests%2C%20visitors%2C%20or%20strangers.
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/9781119085621.wbefs468
https://www.scribd.com/document/380123998/The-Filipino-Value-System-and-Its-Effects-on-
Business
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filial_piety#:~:text=In%20more%20general%20terms%2C
%20filial,to%20ensure%20male%20heirs%2C%20uphold
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Value_(ethics)#:~:text=In%20ethics%2C%20value%20denotes
%20the,the%20significance%20of%20different%20actions.
https://santandertrade.com/en/portal/establish-overseas/philippines/business-practices?
&actualiser_id_banque=oui&id_banque=0&memoriser_choix=memoriser
https://www.outsourceaccelerator.com/articles/filipino-traits-and-values/
https://sanamagan.wordpress.com/2010/05/23/is-assertiveness-valued-in-filipino-culture/

Prepared by: Noted by:

Angelo Belleza Ahorro Leilanie D. Anoñuevo. MT-I

Subject Teacher Subjct Group Head