Judul

No. Aim Study type population intervensi

(tahun publikasi)

Causes of early
infant growth
Dibagi 5 grup
restriction remain
- 0 IU/week,
incompletely
- 4200 IU/week,
Vitamin D understood. Where
- 16800 IU/week,
Supplementation in vitamin D deficiency randomized, double- - Wanita dengan usia kehamilan 17-24
- 28000 IU/week in
1 Pregnancy and is common, vitamin blind, placebo- minggu - melahirkan
pregnancy à 0
Lactation and Infant D supplementation controlled trial - Wanita 6 bulan post partus
IU/week postpartum;
Growth (2018) during pregnancy
- 28000 IU/week in
and lactation may
prenatal &
improve fetal-infant
postpartum periods.
growth and other
birth outcomes.

pregnant women with no/mild anemia, dibagi 3 grup : FA

May 2006 to April 2009, 18,775 group (400 μg folic
nulliparous pregnant women were acid), IFA group
enrolled from 5 counties in northern (400 μg folic acid
Micronutrient examine whether 30
China. All women were enrolled in the and 30 mg iron), or
supplementation mg iron plus folic
double-blind trial before 20 weeks of gestation. All MMN group (400 μg
during pregnancy acid or multiple
randomized pregnant women were at least 20 years folic acid, 30 mg
and the risk of micronutrients
2 controlled trial in old and had not consumed iron, and 13
pregnancy-induced during pregnancy
China from 2006 to micronutrient supplements other than additional vitamins
hypertension: A reduces the risk of
2009 folic acid in the prior 6 months. We and minerals) and
randomized clinical pregnancy-induced
measured hemoglobin at enrollment and were advised to
trial (2018) hypertension.
excluded those with hemoglobin level consume one pill
<10.0 g/dL, Any woman with one high every day from
BP measurement prior to 20 weeks was enrollment to
excluded from all analyses.  delivery --> cek BP

Prenatal
supplementation
pregnant women receive IFA (17
with multiple
villages, 1105 women), MMS (18
micronutrient
villages, 1083 women) or MQ-LNS (18 pregnant women
supplements or compare the effect
villages, 1144 women) --> Pregnant receive IFA (17
medium-quantity of prenatal MMS,
women received nutritional villages, 1105
lipid-based nutrient medium-quantity
randomized supplements weekly until delivery, and women), MMS (18
3 supplements has LNS (MQ-LNS),
controlled trial children were followed up monthly villages, 1083
limited effects on and IFA on child
from 6-8 wk to 24 mo of age --> women) or MQ-LNS
child growth up to growth up to 2 y of
assessed the effect of prenatal MMS (18 villages, 1144
24 months in rural age.
and MQ-LNS compared with IFA and women)
Niger: a secondary
the effect of prenatal MMS compared
analysis of a cluster
with MQ-LNS
randomized trial
(2022)
 Seventy-seven
women finished the
study (28 in the
Ginger group, 26 in
A comparison
the B6 group, and 23
between the effects
in the placebo
of ginger, pyridoxine
compare the effects group) ginger, 500
(vitamin B6) and
of ginger, pyridoxine pregnant women suffering mild to mg twice daily,
placebo for the triple blind clinical
4 (vitamin B6), and moderate NVP between 6 and 16 weeks vitamin B6 40 mg
treatment of the first trial
placebo for the of pregnancy. twice daily and
trimester nausea and
treatment of NVP. placebo twice daily
vomiting of
were administered
pregnancy (NVP)
for 4 d. Rhodes
(2018)
questionnaire was
used for evaluation
of the severity of
symptoms.

will be randomised
to receive a standard
(2000 kcal/day) or
reduced energy
(1200 kcal/day) diet
box containing all
meals and snacks
from 28 weeks to
delivery. Women
Dietary Intervention identify if a fully
and caregivers will
in Pregnant Women controlled reduced
be blinded to the
with Gestational energy diet in GDM 500 women with GDM (National
allocations. Food
Diabetes; Protocol pregnancy improves Randomised Institute of Health and Care Excellence
5 diaries, continuous
for the DiGest infant birthweight Controlled Trial (NICE) 2015 criteria) and body mass
glucose monitoring,
Randomised and reduces index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m2
and anthropometry
Controlled Trial maternal weight gain
will measure dietary
(2020) (primary outcomes)
compliance, glucose
levels, and weight
changes. Women
will receive standard
antenatal GDM
management
(insulin/metformin)
according to NICE
guidelines.
 3 groups received
daily IFA (60 mg Fe
and 400 μg FA)
through delivery.
Hematological
indicators were
evaluated whether assessed at baseline
Impact of providing additional (pre-pregnancy),
Preconception pre-pregnancy 5011 Vietnamese women were during pregnancy, 3
Micronutrient weekly iron-folic provi,ded with weekly supplements months post-partum,
Supplementation on acid (IFA) or containing either only 2800 μg FA and in cord blood.
Anemia and Iron multiple (control group), IFA (60 mg Fe and Adjusted generalized
Status during micronutrient (MM) Randomised 2800 μg FA) or MM (15 micronutrients linear models were
6
Pregnancy and supplements Controlled Trial with similar amounts of IFA). All applied to examine
Postpartum: A compared to only women who became pregnant (n = the impact of
Randomized folic acid (FA) 1813) in each of the 3 groups received preconception
Controlled Trial in improves iron status daily IFA (60 mg Fe and 400 μg FA) supplementation on
Rural Vietnam and anemia during through delivery. anemia and iron
(2016) pregnancy and early stores, using both
postpartum. intention to treat and
per protocol
analyses (women
consumed
supplements ≥ 26
weeks before
conception).

Supplementation
(Multiple
Multiple
Micronutrients and
Micronutrients and
Docosahexaenoic
Docosahexaenoic
Acid vs control)
Acid bandingin suplemen multicenter, parallel, 176 subjects were randomized to the
began at gestational
7 Supplementation vs control terhadap Randomised MMS (n = 87) or control (n = 89)
week 13–15 until
during Pregnancy: A kehamilan ibu Controlled Trial groups
delivery. Six visits
Randomized
were conducted
Controlled
during the trial, from
Study( 2020)
screening to final
follow-up

determine the
efficacy of high dose
folic acid
Effect of high dose Eligible women
supplementation for
folic acid were randomised to
prevention of pre-
supplementation in receive either daily
eclampsia in women
pregnancy on pre- high dose folic acid
with at least one risk
eclampsia (FACT): multicenter, (four 1.0 mg oral
factor: pre-existing 2464 pregnant women with at least one
8 double blind, phase Randomised tablets) or placebo
hypertension, high risk factor for pre-eclampsia
III, randomised Controlled Trial from eight weeks of
prepregnancy
controlled, gestation to the end
diabetes (type 1 or
international, of week 16 of
2), twin pregnancy,
multicentre trial gestation until
pre-eclampsia in a
(2018) delivery
previous pregnancy,
or body mass index
≥35.
 randomized,
Effects of maternal
placebo-controlled
vitamin B12 findings from studies
clinical trial of oral
supplementation on on the association
B12
early infant between maternal
Randomised supplementation (50
9 neurocognitive B12 status and child 183 b12 vs 183 control
Controlled Trial µg) beginning at <14
outcomes: a cognitive functions
weeks of gestation
randomized have been
through a 6-week
controlled clinical inconsistent.
post-partum. In the
trial( 2017)
present study,

The control group

(CG) received a
standard diet
consisting of 45-55
% of the total energy
intake of
to evaluate the
Impact of the carbohydrates, 15-20
impact of the
Dietary Approaches % of proteins and
Dietary Approaches
to Stop Hypertension 25-30 % of lipids.
to Stop Hypertension
(DASH) diet on The DASH group
(DASH) diet on
glycaemic control (DG) received an
glycaemic control Randomised
and consumption of adapted DASH diet,
and consumption of Controlled Trial,
10 processed and control 19 vs DASH group 30 which did not differ
processed (PF) and single-blind clinical
ultraprocessed foods from the standard
ultraprocessed trial 
in pregnant women diet in the
(UPF) foods in
with pre-gestational percentage of
pregnant women
diabetes mellitus: a macronutrients, but
with pre-gestational
randomised clinical had higher contents
diabetes mellitus
trial (2021) of fibre, unsaturated
(PGDM).
fats and minerals
such as Ca, Mg and
K; and lower
contents of Na and
saturated fats than
the standard diet.
 outcome results Conclution link

Suplementasi
vitamin D tidak
- Di antara 1164 bayi yang dinilai pada usia memengaruhi
satu tahun (90% dari 1300 kehamilan), pertumbuhan bayi,
tidak ada perbedaan antar kelompok dalam tidak memiliki efek
WHO Length for length-for-age z-scores (mean ±SD): A: - apapun (manfaat
age z score (1 y.o.) 0,93 ±1,05, B: -1,11 ±1,12, C: -0,97 ±0,97, maupun kerugian) Vitamin D supplementation in pregnancy and lactation to prom
D: -1,06 ±1,07, E: -0,94 ±1,00 (p=0,23). pada ibu di masa
- Tidak ada efek samping klinis yang pertengahan
dikaitkan dengan intervensi vitamin D. kehamilannya
ATAU ibu 6 bulan
post partus

there were no
significant
differences in
pregnancy-induced
hypertension across
supplement groups.
However, among
incidence of pregnancy-induced pregnant women
hypertension was 7.1% (423/5923), 6.3% aged 20–24 years,
(374/5933) and 6.3% (372/5914) among the iron-containing
BP
pregnant women who took folic acid only, multiple Micronutrient supplementation during pregnancy and the risk o
iron-folic acid and multiple micronutrient micronutrient
supplements, respectively. supplementation was
associated with a
reduced risk of
pregnancy-induced
hypertension
compared with folic
acid supplements
only.

length-for-age z
scores (LAZ),
weight-for-age z Compared with IFA, MMS and MQ-LNS
scores (WAZ), and had no effect on child LAZ, WAZ, or WLZ
weight-for-length z at 24 mo of age (P > 0.05). Children in the
Prenatal MMS and
scores (WLZ) at 24 MQ-LNS arm had significantly higher mid-
MQ-LNS had
mo of age using upper arm circumference at 24 mo than
limited effect on
generalized linear children in the MMS arm: mean difference
anthropometric
models. In 0.50 cm (95% CI 0.10, 0.91 cm). WAZ and
secondary analyses, WLZ trajectories were more negative in the
measures of child Prenatal supplementation with multiple micronutrient suppleme
growth up to 24 mo
we used mixed- MQ-LNS arm compared with IFA and
of age as compared
effects models to MMS, with lower z scores from 14 to 20
with IFA in rural
assess the mo of age. However, WAZ and WLZ
Niger
trajectories of trajectories converged after 20 mo of age,
anthropometric z and there were no differences by 24 mo of
scores longitudinally age.
from 6-8 wk to 24
mo
 The women of the three groups did not
have significant differences according to
age, gestational age, parity, and severity of
each symptom before treatment and
educational status. Total score of Rhodes
questionnaire for nausea was decreased
significantly in three groups after treatment.
(p < .001, p = .012, and p = .03 for ginger,
vitamin B6, and placebo, respectively.)
Also total score of Rhodes questionnaire for Ginger is more
vomiting was decreased in three groups (p effective than
Rhodes = .03 for ginger, p = .02 for B6, and p = .04 placebo for the
questionnaire for for placebo). Ginger and vitamin B6 could treatment of mild to A comparison between the effects of ginger, pyridoxine (vitami
vomiting reduce the severity of all items of Rhodes moderate NVP and
questionnaire significantly; however, is comparable with
placebo was significantly effective only on vitamin B6
the frequency of nausea, intensity of
vomiting and frequency of retching. Ginger
and vitamin B6 were more effective than
placebo (p = .039 and p = .007,
respectively); however, total score of
Rhodes did not show significant difference
between ginger and vitamin B6 (p = .128).
Ginger was more effective for nausea
(intensity and distress) and distress of vomit

Food diaries,
continuous glucose
monitoring, and
anthropometry will
measure dietary
controlling
compliance, glucose
calorie restriction in pregnancy is pregnancy-related
levels, and weight
changes. The
achievable in women with GDM and was weight gain can Dietary Intervention in Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabe
well tolerated. improve health
secondary endpoints
outcomes,
include caesarean
section rates, LGA,
and maternal
postnatal glucose
concentrations.
 At baseline, 20% of women were anemic,
but only 14% had low iron stores (ferritin
<30 μg/L) and 3% had iron deficiency Preconception
(ferritin <12 μg/L). The groups were supplementation
balanced for baseline characteristics. with MM or IFA
Anemia prevalence increased during resulted in modest
pregnancy and post-partum but was similar increases in maternal
among intervention groups. In intention to and infant iron stores
treat analyses, prenatal ferritin was but did not impact
prenatal ferritin,
significantly higher among women anemia. Further
ferritin 3 months
receiving MM (geometric mean (μg/L) research is needed to Impact of Preconception Micronutrient Supplementation on Ane
postpartum, infant
[95% CI]: 93.6 [89.3-98.2]) and IFA (91.9 characterize the
iron stores
[87.6-96.3]) compared to control (85.3 etiology of anemia
[81.5-89.2]). In per protocol analyses, in this population
women receiving MM or IFA had higher and identify
ferritin 3 months postpartum (MM 118.2 effective
[109.3-127.8]), IFA 117.8 [108.7-127.7] vs interventions for
control 101.5 [94.0-109.7]) and gave birth reducing prenatal
to infants with greater iron stores (MM anemia
184.3 [176.1-192.9]), IFA 189.9 [181.6-
198.3] vs control 175.1 [167.9-182.6]).

Primary efficacy supplementation

endpoint: change in with multiple
maternal red blood micronutrients and
cell (RBC) DHA (wt DHA in pregnant
% total fatty acids) women indicated
Supplementation significantly increased
during the study. that MMS
RBC DHA levels, the omega-3 index, and
Secondary variables: significantly
vitamin D levels. Subscapular skinfold
other biomarkers of
thickness was significantly greater with
improved maternal Multiple Micronutrients and Docosahexaenoic Acid Supplemen
fatty acid and DHA and vitamin D
MMS in infants. Safety outcomes were
oxidative status, status in an
comparable between groups.
vitamin D, and industrialized
infant setting-an important
anthropometric finding considering
parameters at the essential roles of
delivery. DHA and vitamin D.

The primary
outcome was pre-
eclampsia, defined
Pre-eclampsia occurred in 169/1144 Supplementation
as hypertension
(14.8%) women in the folic acid group and with 4.0 mg/day
presenting after 20
156/1157 (13.5%) in the placebo group folic acid beyond the
weeks' gestation
(relative risk 1.10, 95% confidence interval first trimester does
with major
0.90 to 1.34; P=0.37). There was no not prevent pre- Effect of high dose folic acid supplementation in pregnancy on
proteinuria or
evidence of differences between the groups eclampsia in women
HELLP syndrome
for any other adverse maternal or neonatal at high risk for this
(haemolysis,
outcomes. condition.
elevated liver
enzymes, low
platelets).
 While no significant
effects of maternal
B12
supplementation
cognitive were seen on
development in cognitive
infants at 9 months development in
of age on Bayley infants at 9 months
Scales of Infant of age, elevated
Development-III maternal tHcy levels
(BSID-III). were associated with
poorer cognitive
performance in some
of the subdomains of
BSID-III
Effects of maternal vitamin B12 supplementation on early infan

DG presented a higher incidence of

glycaemic control after 12 weeks of
intervention (57·1 v. 8·3 %, P = 0·01,
moderate effect size) and a lower mean
consumption of UPF (-9·9 %, P = 0·01)
compared with the CG. There was no
statistically significant difference in fasting
and postprandial blood glucose
concentrations, or in the consumption of PF
between the groups (P > 0·05).

Impact of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH