STRUCTURES OF ENGLISH (Midterm)

LESSON IV: FUNCTIONS IN THE SENTENCE (WEEK 7-8)

MA. JESSIRYNTH P. GIMORO
A.
BSED ENGLISH 1-A
1. WHAT IS A GRAMMATICAL CATEGORY? LEXICAL CATEGORY?
ANSWER: Grammatical category is a word with little meaning, e.g., Determiner, Quantifier,
Auxiliary, Coordinator, and Complementizer. While Lexical category is a word with lexical
meaning, such as a Noun, Verb, Adjective, Adverb, and Preposition.
2. WHAT IS A PHRASE?
ANSWER: A group of related words group of related words centered around a head, such
as NP, VP, PP, AdjP, AdvP.
3. WHAT ARE THE FUNCTIONS OF PHRASES AND CLAUSE IN THE SENTENCE?
ANSWER: These are the main sentential functions of phrases and clause; subject, predicate,
complement, direct object, indirect object, subject predicate (or subject complement) object
predicate (or object complement) and adverbial.
4. WHAT ARE THE THREE DIAGNOSTIC TESTS FOR SUBJECTS?
ANSWER: The three diagnostic tests for subjects are; Subjects invert in Yes/No questions,
Subjects agree in number with the verb AUX, and Subjects are repeated in tag questions.
5. WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN PLEONASTIC SUBJECTS AND EXPLETIVE?
ANSWER: The difference is Pleonastic describes superfluous words, while Expletive is a
word that carries no meaning but has a grammatical function in a sentence
6. WHAT ARE THE SIX CATEGORIES OF VERBS?
ANSWER: The six categories of verbs are, Transitive verbs, Intransitive verbs, Distransitive
verbs, Monotransitive verbs, Complex transitive verbs, and Copula verbs.
B.
Define ang give examples of the following:
A. TRANSITIVE VERB - A transitive verb is a verb that requires an object to receive the
action.
Example: Miriam borrowed the methodology book from her classmate because she
forgot her copy.

B. AN INTRANSITIVE VERB - An intransitive verb does not take an object. Using an object
immediately after an intransitive verb will create an incorrect sentence. However,
there may be other information after the verb, such as one or more prepositional
phrases or an adverb.
Example: Attendance increased at the weekly study sessions as finals drew near.