Production and Operations Management (POM) is the management discipline that focuses on efficiently transforming inputs into desired outputs. It involves planning, organizing, coordinating, and controlling the activities and resources involved in production or service delivery. Functional Business Systems are specific components within an organization that support and facilitate the overall POM function. These systems enable efficient process execution, data management, and decision-making in various production and operations areas. Here are some common types of functional business systems that support POM: 1. Supply Chain Management (SCM) Systems: These systems manage the flow of goods, information, and services from suppliers to customers. They handle functions such as procurement, inventory management, logistics, and demand forecasting. 2. Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Systems: ERP systems integrate and automate different business processes, including production planning, inventory management, order processing, human resources, finance, and accounting. 3. Manufacturing Execution Systems (MES): MES systems monitor and control manufacturing processes on the shop floor. They collect data to track production progress, ensure quality control, and optimize resource utilization. 4. Quality Management Systems (QMS): QMS systems ensure products and processes meet quality standards. They include functions such as quality planning, control, assurance, inspection, and continuous improvement. 5. Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Systems: CRM systems manage customer interactions, sales, and service processes. They help capture and analyze customer data, enhance customer support, and track sales leads. 6. Project Management Systems: These systems facilitate project planning, scheduling, resource allocation, and tracking. They enable organizations to manage complex projects, monitor progress, and ensure timely completion. 7. Data Analytics and Business Intelligence (BI) Systems: These systems gather, analyze, and present data to support decision-making. They provide insights into production and operational performance, trends, and forecasting. 8. Human Resource Management (HRM) Systems: HRM systems handle aspects like employee scheduling, performance management, training, recruitment, and payroll. They optimize workforce management and labor utilization. These functional business systems collaborate to support POM, ensuring smooth operations, resource optimization, high-quality output, customer satisfaction, and overall business success. In general, sales and marketing systems support the following: - Customer relationships (sales and support) - Digital advertising - Social media monitoring and promotions - Automated ad placement and media buying - Market research - Intelligence gathering - Distributing products and services to customers - Order tracker - Online and mobile order processing - Online and mobile payment methods Computer-Intergrated Manufacturing is the integration of manufacturing operations by integrating people, technology, and manufacturing processes Computer aided manufacturing is the capability of a computer system to process, store, and display large amounts of data representating part and product specifications Advantages: - Reduction in costs - Improved quality and customer satisfaction - Greater production control - Reduced inventory requirements - Improved product development cycles to enable faster response to market pressures - Support for manufacturing of small lots Manufacturing Execution Systems manage, monitor, and synchronize the execution of real- time, physical process involved in transforming raw materials into intermediate and/or finished finished goods and execute work orders.