KOLEJ KEMAHIRAN TINGGI MARA

LENGGONG, PERAK DARUL RIDZUAN

DIPLOMA ENGINEERING TECNOLOGY (PLANT MAINTENANCE)

DHP 20044 – MECHANIC MACHINE

(HELICAL GEAR)

NAME : MUHAMMAD NA`IM FAUZAN BIN NORA

AFANDI(LG22029655)

NURUL AIMUNI BINTI DERAMAN(LG2202980)

DATE OF PRACTICAL : 04.08.2022

LECTURER : IR.DR.JAFRI BIN KASSIM

INTRODUCTION

Gears are toothed, mechanical transmission elements used to transfer motion and
power between machine components, we discuss the different types of gears
available and how gears work. Operating in mated pairs, gears mesh their teeth with
the teeth of another corresponding gear or toothed component which prevents
slippage during the transmission process. Each gear or toothed component is
attached to a machine shaft or base component, therefore when the driving gear .
The gear that provides the initial rotational input) rotates along with its shaft
component, the driven gear. The gear or toothed component which is impacted by
the driving gear and exhibits the final output rotates or translates its shaft
component. Depending on the design and construction of the gear pair, the
transference of motion between the driving shaft and the driven shaft can result in a
change of the direction of rotation or movement. Additionally, if the gears are not of
equal sizes, the machine or system experiences a mechanical advantage which
allows for a change in the output speed and torque .

Gears and their mechanical characteristics are widely employed throughout industry
to transmit motion and power in a variety of mechanical devices, such as clocks,
instrumentation, and equipment, and to reduce or increase speed and torque in a
variety of motorized devices, including automobiles, motorcycles, and machines.
Other design characteristics, including construction material, gear shape, tooth
construction and design, and gear pair configuration, help to classify and categorize
the various types of gears available. Each of these gears offers different behaviors
and advantages, but the requirements and specifications demanded by a particular
motion or power transmission application determine the type of gear most suitable
for use.

3
OBJECTIVE

1) Students can learn how the gear installation.

2) Students do a maintenance on the component.
3) Students can find out the parts in the component.
4) Calculate RPM on gear.
5) Student know part of gear.

EQUIPMENT

1) Set of spanners
2) Align key
3) Hoist Crane
4) String
5) Ratchet

PROCEDURE

1) The tools were standby before the gearbox been operated.

2) The top of the gearbox was lift up by using the hoist crane.
3) Open the screw on the component using the screw driver and align key.
4) The rotation of gearbox was checked.
5) Calculate number of gear teeth.
6) Reinstall part of the component on the component.

3
 7)

RESULT

GEAR NUMBER OF TEETH RPM

Gear A 68 T 500
Gear B 19 T 1789
Gear C 93 T 1789
Gear D 21 T 7922
Gear E 99 T 7922
Gear F 20 T 39000

- This gearbox using helical gear

4
DISCUSSION

In mechanical engineering, a gear ratio is a direct measure of the ratio of the

rotational speeds of two or more interlocking gears. As a general rule, when
dealing with two gears, if the drive gear (the one directly receiving rotational
force from the engine, motor, etc.) is bigger than the driven gear, the latter will
turn more quickly, and vice versa. We can express this basic concept with the
formula Gear ratio = T2/T1, where T1 is the number of teeth on the first gear and
T2 is the number of teeth on the second.

The type of gear that the gearbox use is helical gear. The teeth on
helical gears are cut at an angle to the face of the gear. When two teeth on a
helical gear system engage, the contact starts at one end of the tooth and
gradually spreads as the gears rotate, until the two teeth are in full
engagement. This gradual engagement makes helical gears operate much
more smoothly and quietly than spur gears. For this reason, helical gears are
used in industrial gearbox. Because of the angle of the teeth on helical gears,
they create a thrust load on the gear when they mesh. Devices that use
helical gears have bearings that can support this thrust load. One interesting
thing about helical gears is that if the angles of the gear teeth are correct, they
can be mounted on perpendicular shafts, adjusting the rotation angle by 90
degrees.

CONCLUSION

Conclusion based on this practical is students can get knowledge to how the
gear installation. Other than that, students can do a maintenance on the
component. In addition, students can find out the parts in the component.
Next, students also know type of bearing this gear uses and Gearbox using
gear what type of gear. Lastly, students can calculate RPM on this gear with
correctly.

5
5
REFERENCES

1. Nice, K. (2020, January 27). How Gears Work. Retrieved February 16, 2020,
from https://science.howstuffworks.com/transport/engines-equipment/gear3.htm

2. Helical Gears. (n.d.). Retrieved February 16, 2020, from

https://khkgears.net/new/helical_gears.html

3. Eight common causes of gear failure. (2016, September 26). Retrieved February
24, 2020, from https://www.plantengineering.com/articles/eight-common-causes-
of-gear-failure/