Well Design

1- What is the relation between the well design and forecasting?

Well design parameter used as input for forecasting program.
2- Why you classified the layers like that?
First section: expected to have possible losses of drilling fluid
Second section: because of unstable shale that predicted to be found in Nahr Umr
formation
Third section: due to some losses expecting and unstable shale.
3- Why 4.5-inch liner?
Minimum to be Suitable for fracturing.
4- Why 3.5-inch tubing?
Suitable for fracturing and production from deep gas reservoir and later for double tubing
operation
5- Check the grade calculation.
6- What is the type of casing material?
Carbon steel with grades J55, K55 and L80 is used for the first three sections as it is the
most common one and it has the lowest cost. Alloy steel C90 is used for the production
liner to resist the high stress.
7- Function of :
 (SSSV) which closes the well in case of emergency and seal units.
 packers are needed to isolate the tubing-casing annulus.
 A wireline re-entry guide should also be installed to avoid any tools from being
stuck under the tubing string.
 in case of any situation that requires killing the well, a sliding side-door
circulation valve is installed.
 Tailpipe: It provides a facility for plugs and other temporary flow-control devices,
improve downhole hydraulic characteristics, and provide a suspension point for
downhole gauges and monitoring equipment.
 Forecasting
 The task aims to develop different scenarios for the development plan and to estimate the
recovery using t-Navigator software.
 0.5 MMm3/day production Plateau from Nov-19 till Jun-21 and 1.5 MMm3/day
production Plateau from Jun-21.
 The economic limit was set to be 20 Mm3/d.
 Forecasted until Jan-2060 for almost 40 Years.
 THP = 120 Bar
 Spacing between wells = 500 m
 NFA: No Further Activity, Ends in Jun-2021, gas rate 0.5 MMm3/day
 Creaming Curve: determines number of wells to be drilled
 3 additional vertical wells
 Best scenario is NFA+ Surface Facility+ 3 V Wells + DC1
 First stage DC (THP = 40 Bar) in April-2030, No Second stage (Ineffective Results)
 Did we frack the well? Yes, with a skin factor = -3 (tight reservoir >> needs Fracturing)
 Depletion Compression decreases the THP to sustain a gas flow
 The additional well was drilled in the time when the previous well plateau starts to
decline.
 Why were the new wells drilled in region between SHRQ-4 and SHRQ-3? High
saturation, high porosity, high pressure, and low water saturation
 Did we change any reservoir or fluid properties? No, Only Fracturing.
 Surface Facility
Q1 : what evidence you stands on by choosing gas sweetening unit?

Referring to the PVT data it was found that there is a presence of H2S in the gas in surface
samples with an average of around 8 ppm which is higher than the typical value for H2S which is
4 ppm. In addition, from fluid composition without C1, 3% of CO2 was observed which is more
than the typical percent 2%. Thus, this indicates that we have sour gas needed to be treated.

Q2 : you mentioned that you installed mercury absorber only because the existence of mercury
on Nibras facilities is it worth it to install it in shurooq facility without prior tests ?

Yes because since there was mercury in Nibras so there is high chance to have mercury in
Shurooq facility. Moreover, this process will avert corrosion of equipment, poisoning of catalysts
and to comply with environmental regulations.

Q3 : Why did you choose the separator to be horizontal ?

Cheaper

Handle high GOR

Q4 : Why you didn’t mention about sulfur recovery ?

Because acid gas get incinerated

 Economy
What is Capex, Opex, NPV, VIR &UTC

CAPEX: A company's capital expenditures are money used to purchase, repair, and retain assets,
plants, technology, or machinery.

• OPEX: Operating expenses are the costs a corporation incurs on a daily basis to keep its
business running.

• Net Present Value (NPV) is a method for calculating the net profit of a project over its entire
life cycle. In capital budgeting, net present value (NPV) is used to compare projects based on
projected rates of return, necessary investment, and expected revenue over time. Project with the
highest net present value (NPV) are typically followed.

• The value expenditure ratio (VIR), usually identified as the profitability index (PI), is the ratio
of a planned project's profit to its investment. It is a good ranking and selection tool.

• Unit Technical Cost (UTC) is the revenue and profit indicator used in the oil and gas sector to
determine the price of producing a barrel of oil.

Why you don't include horizontal wells in your economic analysis?

This is because oil means money, we focused in the most effective scenario that will maximize
the net profit. When we compare vertical and horizontal wells, there was not huge difference in
recovery and taking into consideration that horizontal wells cost much higher than the vertical
wells.
 WRFM:
Q1: How are lead you on what WRFM strategy should consider?
The project value drivers:
-customer stratification (gas quality)
- meeting production commitments (production rate produce)
- facilities and wells uptimes not below 99%.
Q2: if you must shut in your facility, what will be your action?
- I have to provide a second gas supplier from a near operator or facility (make an
agreement with them) because we cannot storge the gas, like oil.
Q3: Can you identify in your WRFM strategy the acceleration projects and the
project incremental? ‫هو قال يهمني انكم تفرقوا بين االثنين‬
Yes, the acceleration projects (no reserves): stimulation by fracturing, reperforation.
, incremental project (more reserves): I don’t know!
Q4: What are the problems that resulted from condensate blockage?
a drop of reservoir pressure below the dew point pressure. This will create a
hydrocarbon liquid saturation in the reservoir, which, leads to a reduction in liquid
recovery, and may cause a reduction in gas productivity and gas recovery.
Q5 How to sweep out retrograde gas in order to maintain the pressure?
By gas cycling as a remedial solution

HSE:
Q1: What are the sources of water pollution & Noise?
water pollution: Produced water, drilling fluids, cuttings, and well treatment
chemicals
Noise sources: pumps, Gas compression, and water injection Diesel/gas turbine
power generators, seismic operations, drilling activities, directional drilling, and
hydraulic fracturing.
Q2: You mention in order to prevent Fires and explosions you will eliminate the
ignition sources? What are the ignition sources?
Ignition sources such as open flames, sparks, static electricity, hot surfaces, and hot
 work activities, can come into contact with nearby combustibles and flammable
gases that can be released from wellbores, tanks, trucks, and pumps and create a
significant risk of fires and explosions.
Q3: What are the other methods of accident prevention?
-Job Safety Analysis (JSA) AND Planned Job Observations (PJO)

Gaith Ques

Why the recovery of well are not increasing?

Even the recovery of adding wells not increase the recovery, the last scenario which is wells with
DC will ensure having long plateau time. As the time of plateau increase their will be delay in
DC, that helps in increasing the plateau time to more long period which will ensure having more
production and more recovery.

Why you don't add sweetening unit in Shurooq facility Layout?

This is because that the amount of H2S is little, it will need only H2S scavenger in each well
which will reduce much the cost compare to the amine unit. H2S scavenger in install in each well
and consists of tank and pump which will pump the H2S scavenger and reduce the H2S content.
In addition, Nibras facility was not has amine unit.

In creaming curve, we can say that total 6 wells as shurooq 2 in shut in and not considered due to
water production.

If they say that surface facility with NFA is better than the scenario you choose because of it is
high VIR?
It is correct that this scenario has a high VIR but this project will have very short time compare
the scenario we choose and the cash of it will be less. The last scenario will give more
production time and more years of production which will consequently give more profit.

Having high recovery will make the government also satisfied that will be used locally or
exported. So low recovery factor will not satisfy the government.

In history match you first change gas water contact, then the porosity and finally the permeability
because it has high uncertainty.

Why you choose a 4 1/2 inch liner?

Because we want to do fracture and for safety we need this liner size, also because the gas
reservoir has a high pressure

Why tubing in large to 3 1/2?

Because we want to do fracture and for safety we need this liner size, also because the gas
reservoir has a high pressure. In addition, if there was reduction in production, we can have
double tubing, we add smaller diameter tubing which will help in increase production

What is the relation between forecasting and surface facility?

In forecasting we get the gas production and oil production, so we know the maximum amount
of gas and oil and therefore we can design our surface facility based on these production profiles

What is relation between well design and simulation?

The parameter we enter in the simulation come from the well design. Like diameter of hole. For
example, for each tubing there is maximum production, the simulation knows the maximum
production of each tubing.

Spider diagram, we can control HC volume by drilling appraisal wells, so we need more
discovery, energy price we cannot control. Opex and Capex we can control number of wells,
DC…etc.

What is the problems of treatment water? It has the high cost

What is the problems of disposal water? It has environmental issues

Transport water to near wells and fields for flooding can help reduce the disposal water issues.