LINGUACULTURAL ANALYSIS OF KOREAN PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS WITH THE LEXEMAL “입/MOUTH” PJAEE, 17 (7) (2020)

LINGUACULTURAL ANALYSIS OF KOREAN PHRASEOLOGICAL

UNITS WITH THE LEXEMAL “입/MOUTH”

Nazarova Madina Komiljon qizi

Tashkent State University of Oriental Studies,
Teacher of Korean language
E-mail: madinafoziljonova95@gmail.com

Nazarova Madina Komiljon Qizi: Linguacultural Analysis Of Korean Phraseological

Units With The Lexemal “입/Mouth” -- Palarch’s Journal Of Archaeology Of
Egypt/Egyptology 17(7). ISSN 1567-214x
Keywords: phrase, phraseology, phraseological unit, semantics, linguistic-cultural
analysis, lexeme, relation to body parts, somatism, 입/mouth;

ABSTRACT:
During the years of independence, Uzbekistan has done a lot of work on Korean linguistics.
However, a number of important issues in the study of the Korean language await its
researchers. In this sense, it is possible to study the history and culture of an entire nation by
studying the most important and unique language units in Korean linguistics - phraseological
units. In particular, this scientific article is devoted to the analysis of the linguistic and
cultural aspects of the Korean phraseological units with the lexeme “입/mouth” located in the
head of the human body. The analysis highlights the spiritual aspects of phraseological units.
The analyses are explained with concrete examples.

Introduction:
Today in our country special attention is paid to education. According to
the decree of President Shavkat Mirziyoyev on improving and stimulating
the activities of academicians of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic
of Uzbekistan, further strengthening the role of science in the socio-
economic development of the country, comprehensive support for
academicians, this is evidenced by the tasks aimed at strengthening the
quality of training of highly qualified scientific personnel.
During the years of independence, Uzbekistan has done a lot of work on
Korean linguistics. However, a number of important issues in the study of
the Korean language await its researchers. In this sense, it is possible to
study the history and culture of an entire nation by studying the most
important and unique language units in Korean linguistics - phraseological
units.
This article focuses on the somatic phraseological units with the lexeme
"mouth", an organ in the head of the human body. Step-by-step study of

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the phraseological units in question, identification of the peculiarities of the

expression of human and world qualities, the study of phraseological units
in Korean linguistics with the participation of "oral" somatism in modern
linguistic and cultural aspects and the image of man in these phraseological
units, the study of the manifestation of character, lexical-semantic and
linguacultural analysis is relevant not only in linguistics, but also in cultural
studies.
The promotion of an anthropocentric approach to the study of language
materials in the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries has led
modern linguists to study man as a phenomenon directly related to language.
A number of studies in the field of linguistics over the last decade have
focused on somatic lexemes and somatic phraseology. Anthropocentric
research focuses on the human factor in language, while using language
rather than form. Addressing the subject of the human factor in language is
an important methodological shift in modern linguistics, which involves the
study of language in close connection with man, his consciousness, thinking,
spiritual and practical activities.
There is no denying that somatic phraseology is the mainstay of
phraseology in many languages in world linguistics. Somatic phraseologies
are phrases that include somatisms, that is, words that denote the names of
body parts. It is somatism that is the means of expressing the culture, way
of life, customs and, most importantly, the spirit of the nation. In world
linguistics, a number of scientific works have been carried out in the field
of somatic phraseology, but the first to address this issue was the linguist F.
O. Wack. He divides all somatic phraseologies into three major groups:
somatisms that describe humans, those that describe humans and animals,
and somatisms that describe animals. But in recent years, as interest in
somatism has grown, linguists have begun to advance their theories on the
group.
In the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries, issues related to the
acquisition, coding, storage, and transmission of information in a variety of
ways, including linguistics, became the focus of scholars within the human
factor paradigm. Anthropocentrism is one of the most important aspects of
the humanization of science and the study of this field. Researchers (V. V.
Krasnykh, M. V. Sokolova, etc.) claim that man was the object of study
because he began to understand the world around him without knowing it.
The study of phraseology based on the principle of "man in language" has
led to the development of a new direction - anthropocentric phraseology.
Somatic phraseological units are anthropological units. More precisely,
they (somatic phraseological units) refer to a special group as expressions
that refer to a part of the human body or organ.
The human factor plays a big role in word formation. Man refers to his
body to use language units as a form of reflection of himself and the world.
Because man is the center of attention, he always tries to describe the world
around him in a unique way.
The human mind is made up of trying to animate the things around it. He
does not imagine that nature is lifeless and heartless. Before looking at a
person as a "language creator", it is necessary to turn to the analysis of
words that reflect the structure of the body. Somatic phraseology is a
dynamically evolving part of phraseology. Somatic phraseology is

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primarily concerned with the relationship between language and

consciousness.
Somatism - is a component (Greek word "body") a component of
phraseological unit denoting a part of the human body. Most scientific
studies show that somatisms in phraseology describe the external organs of
the human body. These include the head, face (nose, mouth, eyes, ears),
legs, and arms.
Somatic lexicon is one of the oldest layers of phraseology. It reflects the
daily life, customs, traditions and behavior of people. Each of somatism has
a symbolic function that reflects certain associations that exist in one or
another part of the body. Actively participates in the formation of somatic
phraseological units and the formation of their meaning. Somatic lexeme is
one of the universal lexical groups of any language and one of the most
common objects of research in the comparative-historical, structural-
comparative and linguacultural works of local and foreign linguists.
Usually these words are distinguished in the lexical-thematic system of any
language. The term "somatic" is used in biology and medicine to mean
"related to the human body" and is opposed to the term "spiritual." The
term was first introduced to linguistics by F. O. Vakk, a Finno-Ugric
scholar who studied the phraseology of body parts of the Estonian language.
He concluded that somatisms belong to one of the oldest layers of
phraseology and that Estonian is the most widely used part of
phraseological units.

Main part:
From the second half of the twentieth century, the term "somatic" began to
be actively used in the study of words that in their semantics reflect all that
pertains to physical properties. Researchers ’interest in this lexical group is
determined by the fact that they begin the process of self-awareness directly
through their body parts and sensory organs. As V. G. Gak puts it in one of
his recent works, "man is an egocentric being and he sees the world as he
pleases." The human body has become one of the most convenient objects
for observation and study, and the words that refer to the organs of the
human body are as ancient as the human mind. According to V.A. Vlasova,
"so far no people have been able to name the parts of the body: head, arms,
legs, eyes, ears, mouth." According to the author, "somatisms are a set of
concepts and attitudes that are necessary in any human society, without
which it is difficult to imagine human speech." Somatic phraseological
units reflect a person’s mental and verbal activity, mental and physical
condition. Phraseological units with a somatic component perform
functions related to a particular part of the human mind and body.
Often phraseological units can contain two or more different somatisms at
the same time. This fact means that all the organs of the human body are
interconnected. The parts of the human body are, of course, close together
scientists who rightly emphasize the idea that communication is not
accidental in its reflection of the real world through somatisms, because the
semantic information conveyed through the words studied represents
certain objects in the real world that surround us. With the help of words, a
person reflects not only the real world processes, but also the world of

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subjective evaluation, emotional processes, and at the same time acts as one
of the links in this world.
Ju Kyong Mi pays special attention to "somatism" in the study of
somatisms (eyes, mouth, nose, ears). Kim Ok Cho also linguistically
analyzed somatisms such as "mouth, eyes, nose, head" in his research.
However, in Korean linguistics, the phraseological units with the lexeme
"입/mouth" are not included in the study of a separate monograph. Only
Kim Ok Cho in his research identifies 63 phraseological units associated
with “mouth” somatism and groups them as follows.
1. An organ involved in the beginning of speech and at the end of speaking
(speaking nicely, speaking rudely, keeping a secret).
2. Eating organ (eating less, eating more, going hungry).
3. An organ that expresses emotion (anger, fear, amazement, joy).
In this study, a total of 92 phraseological units were selected for the
analysis of 입/ mouth lexeme. These phraseological units are partially
observed in the above research.
These phraseological units were divided into semantic groups. In the
grouping of phraseological units, Kim Ok Cho was taken as the basis of the
research, but taking into account the issues that were left out of the
researcher's attention the phraseological units were grouped as follows:
1. The main group: "to speak - not to speak". It takes into account the
antonymous aspects of phraseological units.
2. Semantic group with the additional meaning of "food and nutrition".
3. Phraseological units with the lexeme "입/mouth" meaning "joy" and
"bad mood".
We analyze these groups separately.
The linguacultural analysis of the semantic group “Speaking - Not
speaking” is divided into “speaking-not speaking” semantic groups which
included several subgroups during the analysis of “입/ mouth” lexemic
phraseological units.
This pair is a whole (common) and enters into an antonymous relationship.
"Speaking" (말하다) - the concept of linguacultural is expressed in the
following groups of meanings:
말하다 - to speak; 같은 말을 하다- to say the same thing, to repeat;
말을(소문을) 전하다- to gossip (gossiper); 하는 말이 거칠다- to speak
rudely; To talk too much; 말수가 많다- to speak dryly, 말한 보람이
없다- to speak in vain, 웅얼거리는 말- speak slowly; 말을 듣기 좋게
하다- to speak beautifully; 옳은 말을 하다- to tell the truth; 조심하지
않고 말을 하다- to speak carelessly; 같은 의견을 말하다- to say an
opinion. We will consider the semantic expression of phraseological units
belonging to the group 말을 하다- "speak" in the following sentences:
입만 뻥긋하다- literally "moving the mouth", i.e. "speaking" (speaking,
speaking, not speaking, or someone's speech - after speech), including:
돌아선 민자운은 방 안으로 휘적휘적 걸어들어 말이 끝나기 무섭게 휙
갔고 모용호정만이 손을 들어 그를 부르듯 내민 채 입만 뻥긋거릴
뿐이었다.

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"As soon as Min Jaun walked back and forth in the room and finished his
speech, Mo Yong-ho raised his hand and called out to him (literally -
translation: he moved his mouth)."
입 밖에 내다- literally means "out of the mouth", which means "to speak",
including:
얘야라는 호칭을 아무리 가깝고 친밀한 사이였지만 지금까지 한 번도
입 밖에 내 본 적이 없는 말이었다.
"No matter how close he was, he had never said a word about Yeya
(literally - word of mouth: out of his mouth)."
입에 오르다/내리다- literally “to put in the mouth” or 입에 올리다-
literally “to put in the mouth”, i.e. “speaking” including: 사람들 입에
오르내리며 (올려) 살아가는 방법밖에 모르는 어머니와 그런 부끄러운
어머니에게서 태어난 자신.
"I am a mother who knows nothing but how to live by talking to people
(literally: literally: falling out of her mouth) and I was born from this
anxious mother."
The examples given show that the semantics of “speaking” on
phraseological units in Korean linguistics are: the act of moving the mouth;
take the word out as a subject; not being able to put it in one's mouth, that is,
not being able to hold a speech, to speak; mouth-to-mouth movement; it is
expressed through the act of opening one's mouth, that is, preparing to
speak.
같은 말을 하다- to say (repeat) the same sentence - in the group we will
consider the semantic expression of phraseological units in sentences: 입에
달고 다니다- literally “sticking in the mouth”, 입에 붙다- literally The
word "stick to the mouth" but - literally "stick to the mouth", that is, "to
repeat the same sentence", including:
그들은 늘 경쟁이라는 말을 입에 달고 다닌다 (붙고 다닌다/붙여
다닌다).

"They always repeat the word competition (literally - word of mouth: carry
it in their mouths)." 입에 익다- literally "learning by word of mouth", i.e.
"repeating the same sentence", including:
노류라고 부르자. 좀 부르긴 힘들지만 입에 익으면 괜찮아지겠지.
“We call him Noryu. It's a little difficult to pronounce, but it's easier if you
repeat (literally - word for word).”
입이 닳다- literally "to enter the mouth", i.e. "to repeat a sentence, to
repeat", including:
이 마을 이곳 저곳에 사현이 천재라며 입이 닳도록 칭찬하고 다닌터라,
딸 가진 부모들의 눈이 예사롭지 않았다.
"Everywhere in the village they called him Sahyon, and he was praised over
and over again (literally - until the translation came out), and parents with
daughters would not take their eyes off him."
As the analysis reveals, the semantics of “repeating (repeating) (speaking)
the same sentence” are: the act of sticking; learning, habituation i.e.,
repeating a sentence to the point of frustration; introduction, that is, a
change in the shape of the mouth from the repetition of a sentence.

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말을 (소문을) 전하다- the semantic expression of phraseological units in

the gossip group is as follows:
입에서 입으로- literally "word-of-mouth", meaning "to spread the word",
to spread among people, in the sense of being, including:
바로 삭제됐지만 그걸 본 불특정다수 네티즌들의 입에서 입으로 점점
퍼져나가고 있습니다.
"The published article was immediately deleted, but was circulated by
anonymous users (word-for-word: word-of-mouth)."
입이 걸다- literally "sharp-mouthed", meaning "sharp-mouthed". About
people who use obscene, obscene language and swear, including:
그 여자가 여자치고는 입이 걸었고 우스갯소리도 잘했다.
"Even though she was a woman, she had a slurred mouth (literally: a sharp
mouth) and a good joke."
In the linguacultural analysis of the above phraseological units, the
semantics of “rough speech” in Korean linguistics are: quality of roughness;
the quality of sharpness, that is, the sharpness of the words; filth, that is, the
mouth becomes dirty because of saying bad, nonsensical words.
말수가 많다- the semantic expression of phraseological units in the talk
group is as follows:
입이 싸다- literally "cheap mouth", i.e. "speechless, motherly, eloquent,
eloquent, eloquent", including:
입 싼 윤제현! 걔는 왜 그렇게 내 일에 관심이 많은 건 지. 또 왜
강산이한테는 그렇게 입이 싼 건지.
“Yun Je Hyun is talking! Why is he interested in my work? Why does
Kangsan talk so much again (literally the translation is so cheap)!”
입이 재다 is literally "mouth-watering", meaning "talkative, eloquent,
eloquent", including:
더러 신명나는 소문이 있으면 강쇠 네 같이 입이 잰 여자들은 물을
찬득대 향아리까지 채우며 괜한 우물길을 두번 세번 오가면서 오는
사람 가논 사람, 고루고두 소문을 퍼뜨려기에 청신이 없었다.
“There must be other nonsense, because stupid women like you go to the
well three or four times to fill the water, and that's an excuse. They also
spread rumors.”
입이 헤프다- literally "mouthless", meaning "talk a lot", including:
헤험 잘 치는 사람은 물에 빠저 죽는다 하거니와 , 조계 달은 말을
잘하는 만큼 입이 좀 헤프기도 하였다.
"As the saying goes, a good swimmer will drown. Even if the girl is
obedient, she will still speak fluently (literally: her mouth is restrained)."
A characteristic feature of many speakers is the Korean phraseological
units: restlessness, constant movement; restraint, that is, not speaking
frugally and thoughtfully; cheap - can be measured by worthlessness.
The concept of "not speaking" - - linguacultural is expressed in the
following groups of meanings; 말을 안 하다 - not speaking; 말을 안 하다
- inability to speak; 말을 못하게 하다- not to speak (to close one's mouth);
비밀을 유지시다- not to tell a secret; 모르는 체하여 말 안 하다- not to
speak to the ignorant; 긴장하여 말 못하다- inability to speak with
excitement; 수다스럽지 않다- taciturnity; 할 말이 없다- language weak.

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말을 안 하다- The semantic expression of phraseological units in the “not

speaking” group is as follows:
입에 곰팡이가 슬다 (피다) - literally "pus coming out of the mouth", i.e.
"pus coming out of the mouth", including:
이 남자, 좀 전까지 입에 곰팡이가 슬었나 의심이 갈 정도로 입에
자물쇠를 채우더니, 말문이 트이니까 얄미운 말만 골라서 하네.
"Before, this boy was so quiet that he had a sore mouth (literally: his mouth
was rotten), and now, before he could open his mouth, he started talking
nonsense."
입에 반창고를 붙이다- literally "sticking a plaster in the mouth", i.e.
"putting a powder in the mouth (or swallowing a powder)", including:
그는 병관좌평 친구가 오늘만큼은 완벽하게 수세에 몰려 입에
반창고를 붙이고 있는 상태인지라 직접 나설 신료는 자신밖에 없다고
생각한 모양이었 다
"He thought that no one but himself would help him because he was
standing there like a soldier's friend with a wave in his mouth (literally: a
sticker in his mouth)."
입에 자물쇠를 채우다- literally "lock in the mouth", that is, "slap in the
mouth". In the sense of not speaking, in the sense of not speaking,
including:
하지만 부모의 그런 대답은 아이의입에 자물쇠를 채워 놓게 하는 것과
같은
것이다.
"But the parents' response was like slapping the child in the mouth (literally:
locking the mouth)."
입을 다물다- literally "shut up", 입을 닫다- literally "shut up", i.e., "lose
the word". In the sense of being overwhelmed by a certain emotional state
and not knowing what to say, including:
믿을 수 없는 어두운 기운의 조화에 모든 병사들은 벌어진 입을 다물
(입을 닫)지 못하고 눈앞에 펼쳐지는 광경을 멍하니 바라만 보고
있었다.
"In the middle of a strangely dark night, all the soldiers stared at the scene,
as if they had lost their speech (literally: without opening their mouths)."
The semantics of "not speaking" in Korean linguistics are: pus, that is, not
being able to speak because of pus in the mouth; adhesive tape; locking
action; closing action; horizontal, that is, the line where the two lips touch
each other.
The semantic expression of phraseological units in the group of 말을 못
하다- inability to speak is as follows:
입끝에서 뺑뺑 돌다- literally "rolling behind the mouth", i.e. "stuck in the
throat". Certain conditions, such as not being able to express one's opinion
under the influence of mood, including:
하는 대답이 입 밖 을 튀어 나오려고 입끝에서 뱅뱅 돌 때에 속일 수
없는 양심의 혓 바닥을 속 으로 끌어 들였다.
"He paused to answer, but his conscience kept him from doing so (literally:
the word went back and forth).

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입도 뻥긋하지 못하다- literally "not being able to move one's mouth", i.e.
"not being able to speak", including:
영락제 시절엔 입도 뻥긋하지 못하다가 유약한 홍희제의 여린 마음을
이용했다는 것이 분노를 산 것이었다.
"It pained him to use Khan Hije's tender heart without being able to speak
(literally: without moving his mouth) during the Yanrak period."
입이 붙다- literally "closing the mouth",입이 얼어붙다- literally "freezing
the mouth", i.e., "sticking the tongue in the palate". Excitement, anger, fear,
and the like prevent you from speaking, including:
재형은 거짓말하지 말라고 소리치려던 난쟁이는 입이 얼어붙 (붙은)은
것처럼 아무 말도 할 수 없었다.
"Kim Je Hyong tried to shout, 'Don't lie,' but he couldn't say anything, as if
he had lost his tongue (literally, his mouth was frozen)."
As a result of the analysis, the semantics of “not being able to speak” in
Korean linguistics are: the movement of rotation behind (in the presence of
an imitation word relative to rotation); rotation within; motion of
immobility; adhesion action; represented by freezing conditions.
말을 못하게 하다- the semantic expression of phraseological units in the
group not to speak (shut up) is as follows:
입을 봉하다- literally "to shut one's mouth"
충직한 인물은 회유할 방도가 없지. 죽여서 입을 봉하든가 아니면
감쪽같이 모르게 해야 돼.
"A loyal person has no choice but to applaud. You have to kill him and
shut him up (literally - shut up) or do it without telling him. "
입에 자갈을 물리다- literally ‘putting gravel in the mouth’, i.e. ‘not to
speak’, including:
모든 것은 나의 마음을 끌어 잡아당기져다가 자기 손 기 좋은 평계로
나의입에 자갈을 물리려는 것이다.
"Everyone seemed to be blocking me from speaking (literally: trying to put
gravel in my mouth) so as not to hurt the hands that were pulling my heart
out."
입을 씻기다 - literally - the word "to wash one's mouth", that is, "to
lubricate one's mouth". In the sense of hosting or paying a bribe, including:
그래도 순게는 영감의 구두를 들어다가 안마두에 엉감과 나와섰는
마님에게 주며, 그러지 말구 그 애들 든푼 취서 입을 씻기세요.
However, Sun Ge took Yongam's shoes and held them in the hand of the
lady who came out of the massage, saying, "Otherwise, lubricate the
children's mouths (literally: wash their mouths)."
In this subgroup, the semantics of “not speaking” are: closing action;
graveling, that is, filling the mouth so that it cannot speak; blocking action;
to wash one's mouth, that is, to clean one's mouth, to cover one's mouth by
giving something so that it does not speak.
비밀을 유지시다- The semantic representation of phraseological units in
the group of not telling a secret is as follows:
입이 무겁다 is literally "heavy-mouthed," meaning "to keep a secret, to
keep a secret." Any action, statement, thing, etc. that is kept secret from
others or is unknown to others, including:

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동요하지 마라. 너희가 입이 무겁다면 아무 일도 없을 것이라

약속하겠다.
“Don’t worry. He promised that if you kept it a secret (literally: if your
mouth is heavy), nothing will happen. "
In the analysis of semantically separated groups, the groups "speak - not
speak" - from the semantic groups of the semantic group "speak - not
speak", "talk a lot - little", "speak - keep a secret" are mutually antonymous
(opposite). And in Korean linguistics, the antonym group "to speak - not to
speak" is 6 each; The antonym group "talk a lot – non-talkative" in 3/1
proportion; The antonymous group "to talk - to keep a secret" included
phraseological unit in a ratio of 4/3. It can be seen that the lexeme “입/
mouth” contains the largest number of phraseological units as a member of
speech.
The Korean ethnos perceives the "mouth" not only as a member of speech,
speech, and sound, but also as a means of delivering food to the stomach.
In Korean, "mouth" means not only eating, but also the semantics of hunger.
The lexeme "mouth" refers to the amount of food eaten (such as eating less
or more), and the individual's attitude toward food (eating selectively or
not). Probably for this reason, in Korean linguistics, the word "mouth" has
been taken as a secondary means of phraseological units with the lexeme
"입/ mouth" as a means of performing the function of eating. We have
divided the FB with the lexeme "입/ mouth" into three groups. In this case,
the secondary spiritual group "Food and food-related" is also divided into
internal semantic groups:
음식에 까다롭다 stubborn to food;

굶다 to starve;

먹고 싶다 to open the stomach;

많이 먹다 to eat a lot;

적게 먹다 to eat less;

입이 높다 delicate to taste;

맛있는 음식 delicious food;

같은 것을 먹다 to eat the same thing;

입에 맞다 to eat what one likes;

먹다 to eat;

음식을 요구하다 to demand food;

가리지 않다 not choosing to eat;

또 먹다 to eat again;

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입맛이 좋다 good appetite;

잘 먹다 good food

Below we analyze all semantic groups with examples:

The semantic expression of phraseological units in the 음식에 까다롭다-
eating group is as follows: 입에 되다 is literally “measuring in the mouth”,
i.e. “eating stubborn”, including:
별로 좋지 않은 가정 형편에 남편이 입이 되어 여자가 무척 고생이
심한 모양이야.
"In a family where living conditions were almost non-existent, the wife was
very difficult because of the husband's stubbornness (literally - the size of
the mouth)."
입이 밭다 - literally - the word "tight-mouthed", which means "stubborn to
eat", including:
밥 힘으로 자가(궐 밖에 나가 사는 왕녀의 존 칭)께서 아기씨 적부터
입이 밭더니 여태도 그렇다는 둥 군말을 늘어놓던 사람이었거늘.
"Mrs. Chon, who lives outside the palace, still eats rice because her child,
who lives only on rice, has been stubborn since she was a child (literally:
strained mouth)."
입이 짧다- literally "short-mouthed", meaning "stubborn to eat", including:
- 몇 해 전만 해도 병치레가 잦고 입이 너무 짧아 걱정이었는데
시간이 지날수록 점점 양이 많아졌고 먹는 모양새마저
탐스러웠다.
- 그래, 좀 지나면 나아지겠지!
- “A few years ago, I was worried that he would be stubborn because of his
illness (literally - his mouth is very short), but over time, his appetite
gradually opened up and he became a little more noticeable.
"Yeah, it's going to get better over time."
Thus, in Korean linguistics, the semantics of "eating" are associated with
the following images in phraseological units: - by the action of
measurement, that is, by measuring, not eating what is encountered; - with a
state of tension, that is, the mouth is tight, so not everything is included; -
short - expressed in terms of length.
The semantic expression of phraseological units in the 굶다 - hunger group
is as follows:
입에 거미줄을 치다- literally "to put a spider's web in one's mouth", which
means "to be hungry", including:
설마 그 돈 없다고 산 입에 거미줄 치랴, 눈 딱 감고 바치고 나니까 생전
처음 사람 노릇 해 본 것 같애서 이렇게 어깨가 다 펴지는 기분일세.
If you are hungry because you don't have money (literally - a spider's web
in your mouth), if you close your eyes and open them, it's as if you are
starting life anew, as if your wings have appeared”.
많이 먹다- the semantic expression of phraseological units in a multi-food
group is as follows:

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입이 광주리 만하다- literally "coming like a basket", meaning "eating a

lot", including:
사실 오늘의 이 싸움에 있어선, 자기 딴은 입이 광주리만해도 고씨가
그쯤들이 폭로를 시키는 데야 꼼짝 못하고 되 잡히게만 경우가 되어
먹었습니다.
"Even though he ate a lot in today's fight (literally - his mouth is like a
basket), Mr. Ko couldn't move at all, he couldn't even eat anything."
입이 높다 - the semantic expression of phraseological units in the delicate
group taste to food is as follows:
입이 높다- literally "loud-mouthed", meaning "selective eating", including:
저 친구는 입이 높아서 고급 음식점이 아니면 가지도 않고 입에 안
맞으면 돈도 안 낸단 말야.
"His taste is so subtle that he can't go without a place, and he can't pay if he
doesn't like it."
음식을 요구하다- The semantic representation of phraseological units in
the food demand group is as follows:
입을 벌리다- literally "to open one's mouth", meaning "to ask for food",
including:
먹을 것이 없어도 남 앞에서 입 벌리는 법이 없다.
"I don't ask for food in front of strangers even if I have nothing to eat
(literally - I don't open my mouth"). Thus, the concept of food demand in
Korean linguistics is expressed as follows:
- Spreading, that is, opening / spreading food.
Thus, the above examples show that the actions "food and nutrition" are
expressed in different phraseological units consisting of the lexeme
"mouth". In this case, each phraseological unit is represented by its own
phrases, language units. The above examples are proof of this. The content
of the lexeme "mouth" and the phraseological units conveyed through it in
Korean linguoculture clearly demonstrates the role of "food" in the life of
the Korean people. Examples show that starvation, satiety, eating
selectively or not, eating less or eating more, making a living, eating
delicious food, eating only the best foods in different ways, in different
ways delivered. We can also see that these phraseological units have
become an important factor in the way of life of the Korean people,
expressed through the position and movement of the mouth, as well as the
names of specific subjects, which belong only to Korean linguoculture and
require special interpretation.
In Korean, somatic words in phraseological units that express a sense of
joy include, in particular, body parts: eyes, ears, head, shoulders, abdomen,
navel, waist, back, legs, legs, liver, and “입/ mouth”. The lexeme "trace" is
common. It is a sign that a person feels joy from head to toe. One of the
main body parts that expresses emotion is often used in verbal
phraseological units. This organ, which performs a biological function that
sustains vital functions through the consumption of food, has other
properties. It plays the role of conveying one's feelings to others, as well as
expressing joy and contentment from the outside. Accordingly, in the
linguacultural analysis of lexeme phraseological units “입/ mouth" we will
focus on another group, which is semantically separated. The next

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secondary spiritual group, Joy, is divided into the following internal

semantic groups:
-기뻐서 어쩔 줄 모르다- to be overjoyed;
-기쁘다- to be happy;
기뻐서 어쩔 줄 모르다- the semantic expression of phraseological units in
the group of helplessness is as follows:
입이 가로 터지다 [째지다] - literally "to reach the limit", i.e. "not to fit
into the joy". Very happy, very happy, including:
넓은 품에 폭 안겨 엉엉 울면서도 입이 가로 째지는 것이 동배는 참
희한하다.
"It was wonderful to be able to cry in the open field and not be overjoyed
(literally: his mouth is reaching the limit)."
So, in Korean linguistics, the concept of "not fit into joy" is expressed in
the following way:
- The act of reaching the limit that is opening the lips to the limit of the
mouth - means a state of happiness.
기뻐하다- The semantic expression of phraseological units in the group to
be happy is as follows: 입이 귀밑까지 찢어지다- literally "to tear to the
ear", i.e. "to be very happy", including:
입이 귀밑까지 찢어지는 맹주를 뒤로 한 채 아쉬운 발걸음을 옮겨야
했죠.
"Mengju, who was very happy (literally - his mouth was torn to the ear),
had to speed up when he turned around."
Thus, in Korean linguistics, the semantics of "rejoicing" are as follows: -
tearing to the ear, that is, the mouth opens wide with joy, as if torn to the
ear.
입이 벌어지다- literally "to widen one's mouth", which means "to be
happy", including:
수많은 뇌물을 본 사신은 입이 벌어져 연방 웃음을 지었다.
"Sashin, who saw a lot of intelligence, smiled happily (literally: his mouth
widened)."
Joy is a state of joy that is widely used in human life and is interpreted in
terms of the theory of joy. The specificity of the expression of joy in the
language depends on how the joy is understood and conveyed. We have
analyzed above how joy is expressed in Korean linguacultural units in the
lexeme phrase "입/mouth". While bad moods have the opposite meaning of
joy, we can see that it is the lexeme of the mouth that brings these two
emotions together. This means that we can express two different emotions
through the movement, position or shape of the mouth.
Somatisms, which describe "joy" and "bad mood," are mostly used
figuratively. It is this metaphor that serves to shape the meaning of
phraseology. Therefore, it is necessary to know all the lexical meanings of
somatic lexemes.

Conclusion:
Summarizing the theoretical knowledge on the study of phraseological units
and modern approaches to the study of modern linguacultural, it can be said
that to date, the field of phraseology occupies a high place in modern

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linguistics. It is also known that in the world, Korean and Uzbek linguistics
there is a lot of research in the field of phraseology, most of which is
devoted to the somatic phraseological units. However, among the somatic
phraseological units, no research has been conducted within the framework
of phraseological units involving the Korean word “mouth”. Modern
approaches to the study of somatic phraseological units have been
developed, and in this article I have tried to express my views using a
linguacultural approach.

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