PERTUDO, VEENEE B.

BSME-2A
LIVING IN THE ERA
ACTIVITY 3

Instructions: Answer the questions below. Minimum of 2 sentences.

1.Based on the discussions, how doe SCOT and SST differ?

The essential tenet of the social construction of technology is that human action shapes
technology, not the other way around. The opposite of technological determinism is this. SCOT's
fundamental ideas are built on interpretive flexibility, pertinent social groupings, design
flexibility, issues and conflicts, and resolution. How you understand a technical item is referred
to as interpretative flexibility. For instance, a cell phone might be very useful for an office
worker, but it might be a nuisance for a child because he might become addicted to games, the
internet, etc. Stakeholders are what I mean by relevant social groupings. They may be the final
consumer, the manufacturer, or other individuals who are significantly impacted by the
product's existence. There may be several different approaches to designing a technological
artifact, according on design flexibility. Conflicts arise during the artifact design process due to
varying interpretations. The final point, which is debatable because there are unanswered issues
about whether there is actually closure, claims that it is crucial to understand how closure is
achieved in SCOT. On the other hand, the concept of the "choices" aspect that is inherent in the
building of systems and artifacts is related to the social shaping of technology (SST). It seeks to
comprehend that numerous options or paths may lead to varied technical ends if a technology is
not determined by any original predetermined rationale.

2. List down the social media sites you use. What do you use it for? How does it affect your lives
daily?

• FACEBOOK

The most recent in a long series of what are now referred to as "social networking"
websites is Facebook. But its popularity is what distinguishes it from the rivals. As of the most
recent check, Facebook had 2.23 billion active users. The website, which was started in 2004 by
Harvard undergraduate Mark Zuckerberg from his dorm room, is now one of the most
recognizable brands in the world and is valued in the billions of dollars. The Social Network, a
film that explores the creation of the website, was even given the Hollywood treatment and was
widely acclaimed when it was released in 2011. But as a parent or teacher, you definitely have
some questions if you're not entirely tech savvy or are new to the internet.Facebook is a
website that enables users to connect online with friends, coworkers, and complete strangers
after creating a free profile. It enables users to share their own views and opinions with any
number of people they choose, along with images, music, videos, and articles.

• TWITTER

Is a service that enables friends, family, and coworkers to remain in touch by

exchanging brief, frequent messages. Tweets are posted by users and can include text, images,
videos, and links. These communications are published on your profile, delivered to your
followers, and searchable on Twitter. Twitter's creation has had a significant impact on
contemporary society. Twitter has significantly altered American society's social environment by
bringing celebrities and the middle class together and creating new forums for social discourse.

3.Technological change is done in multiple stages. Explain how computers have evolved through
the stages of technological change.
It can be challenging to recall a time when personal computers, such as desktops,
laptops, and tablets, became such an integral part of daily life. In truth, computers as we know
and utilize them today are still quite young. Although the abacus, which dates back about 5000
years, was the first computer in operation, modern computers have had the biggest and most
significant impact on society. In 1944, the world's first full-sized digital computer was created.
The Mark I was a five-ton computer that was only used for calculations. It was the first of
several that would launch generations of computer development and growth, despite its size
and capabilities.
• First Generation Computers
In terms of both appearance and performance, computers from the first generation are
very different from those from today. Between 1940 and 1956, the first generation of
computers, which had a very big size, existed. At that time, computers' internal mechanisms
were simple. These early devices needed vacuum tubes to function as switches and amplifiers in
addition to magnetic drums for memory. The machines' enormous size and the enormous
amounts of heat they produced were mostly caused by the vacuum tubes. These computers
generated so much heat that, despite having substantial cooling systems, they frequently
overheated. The term "machine language" refers to the very basic programming language that
was utilized with early computers.
• Second Generation Computers
 Computers' second generation, which spanned from 1956 to 1963, replaced vacuum
tubes with transistors. They were able to produce less heat and utilize less electricity as a result.
Additionally, second generation computers were substantially faster than first generation ones.
The lower size of the computers was another notable modification. Along with developing core
memory, transistor computers also utilised magnetic storage.
• Third Generation Computers
Thanks to integrated circuits, computers' speed underwent a major change between
1964 and 1971. Thousands of tiny transistors were crammed onto silicon chips to create
integrated circuits, also known as semiconductor chips. As a result, computers became faster
while simultaneously becoming more compact, powerful, and affordable. Additionally, keyboards
and monitors were now used to interface with computing devices rather than punch cards and
printouts in earlier systems.
• Fourth Generation Computers
The most significant modifications took place between 1971 and 2010. Manufacturers
were able to fit millions of transistors on a single circuit chip during this period as technology
advanced. Monolithic integrated circuit technology was used for this. It also signaled the
development of the Intel 4004 chip, the first microprocessor to hit the market in 1971. The
personal computer industry was birthed as a result of this technology. Personal computers like
the Altair 8800 were made available to the general public in kits that needed to be assembled
by the middle of the 1970s. The Commodore Pet, Apple II, and the first IBM computer were
among the home-use personal computers that were manufactured in the late 1970s and early
1980s.
• The Fifth Generation of Computers
Computer users can anticipate more quicker and more sophisticated technologies in the
future. Computers are still evolving into more sophisticated technological systems. Since there
are many different directions that technology is heading in the direction of the future of
computer development, fifth generation computing has yet to be fully defined. For instance,
research is still being done in the areas of quantum computation, artificial intelligence, and
nanotechnology.