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SSPC VIS-2 (2000) - Standard Method of Evaluating Degree of Rusting On Painted Steel Surfaces
SSPC VIS-2 (2000) - Standard Method of Evaluating Degree of Rusting On Painted Steel Surfaces
June 1, 2000
3. Reference Standards
5. Rust Distribution
3.1 The standards listed here are referenced only in the
5.1 SPOT RUSTING: Spot rusting occurs when the bulk
Notes, which are not requirements of this specification.
of the rusting is concentrated in a few localized areas of the
painted surface. The reference photographs depicting this
3.2 The latest issue, revision, or amendment of the
type of rusting are labeled 9-S through 1-S. (See Note 9.4.)
referenced standards in effect on the date of invitation to bid
shall govern unless otherwise specified.
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SSPC- Guide to VIS 2
June 1, 2000
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SSPC-Guide to VIS 2
June 1, 2000
rusted area, shall be considered as visible rust in the rusting have the greatest effect on lowering the rust grade.
determination of the rust grade. A dull putty knife may be The graph of rust grade versus log (percent rust) is a
used to remove loose coating, thereby exposing the rusted straight line from rust grade 10 to rust grade 4. The slope of
areas. the curve was changed between 10 percent of the area
rusted to 100 percent rusted to permit inclusion of complete
7.4 OTHER CONSIDERATIONS: Care must be exer- rusting on the 0 to 10 rust grade scale. The relationship
cised when determining the percentage of rust on the between the rust grade, R, and the maximum percent of
surface. rusting, P, is approximated closely by the equations:
7.4.1 Some finishes are stained by rust. This staining R = 6 – 2 Log (P) for rusting from 0.01% to 10%
shall not be considered as rust. (rust grades 10 to 4), and
R = 8 – 4 Log (P) for rusting from 10% to 100%
7.4.2 Accumulated dirt or other material may make (rust grades 4 to 0).
accurate determination of the degree of rusting difficult. This
dirt shall not be considered as rust. Rust Grade versus Log (percent rusting)
R
7.4.3 Certain types of dirt that contain iron or iron 10
compounds may cause surface discoloration that should not
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be mistaken for corrosion.
8
2
7.5 REPORTING: Report the area or item evaluated,
the type or types of rust distribution, the presence of rust 1
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SSPC- Guide to VIS 2
June 1, 2000
9.4 Spot rusting has been associated with barrier coat- collapsed, it was a fluid filled blister. If liquid flows out and
ings such as epoxy or urethane coatings. General rusting the blister then collapses, it was a fluid filled blister. The hard
has been associated with oil, alkyd, and latex paints. Pin- build-up of rust beneath the paint can usually be felt by
point rusting has been associated with untopcoated zinc- touching the blister, thereby identifying it as a rust blister. If
rich coatings, thin inadequately applied coatings, or as flash these methods are inconclusive, cutting the blister with a
rusting on waterborne primers. knife or carefully scraping it off with a dull putty knife will
make it easy to determine the nature of the blister.
9.5 In addition to this standard, SSPC has visual stan-
dards for blast cleaned steel (SSPC-VIS 1), for hand and 9.7 Fluid filled blisters should not be considered in
power tool cleaned steel (SSPC-VIS 3), and for steel cleaned determining the rust grade. A fluid filled blister may form in
by water jetting (SSPC-VIS 4). a relatively short time and then remain intact for years,
especially in immersion environments. A fluid filled blister
9.6 The nature of a blister can usually be determined may form between coats while the steel substrate is still
visually, by touching it, or by breaking it. If the blister has protected.
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SSPC-Guide to VIS 2
June 1, 2000
Sample Black and White Images from SSPC-VIS 2
Rust Grade 8, 0.01% Rusted Rust Grade 5, 3% Rusted
Spot Distribution
General Distribution
Pinpoint Distribution
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