Somalia

Script
Ana :Hello everyone welcome to our history stand.
Ana: Today we are going to talk a little bit about all the things that happened or are
happening in Somalia.
Mabe: Somalia is a country located in the Horn of Africa that was ruled by several states
and kingdoms, it was colonized by Great Britain, Italy, and France.
Mabe: In 1960, Somalia achieved its independence and adopted a socialist system. But in
the 1980s, internal conflicts began, and in 1991, after the fall of dictator Siad Barre, the
country plunged into a civil war that divided the nation into multiple states and factions.
Emi: In 2004, the Transitional Federal Government was established to restore stability,
and in 2012, a democratic transition process began.
Emi: The security situation remains precarious due to extremist groups such as Al-Shabaab
and ISIS. Somalia is one of the poorest countries in the world and faces challenges such as
poverty and food insecurity.
Ana: This is a previous information of all the thing we are going to talk about.
POLITIC ( Camila Samaniego )
Cami: Now I am going to talk about the presidents o Somalia
Cami: Before the fall of the Siad Barre regime in 1991, the presidents of Somalia were:

Aden Abdullah Osman Daar (1960-1967)

Abdirashid Ali Shermarke (1967-1969)
Muhammad Siad Barre (1969-1991)
After the fall of Siad Barre, Somalia entered a period of political instability and civil war
that lasted for decades. During this time, the country did not have an effective central
government, and various leaders proclaimed themselves presidents of different parts of
the country. In 2004, the Transitional Federal Government was established, which worked
to restore stability to the country and succeeded in electing a new president in 2012.
Somalia's presidents since 2004 are:
Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed (2004-2008)
Sheikh Sharif Sheikh Ahmed (2009-2012)
Hassan Sheikh Mohamud (2012-2017)
Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed "Farmaajo" (2017-2021)
Mohamed Abdulahi Mohamed "Farmaajo" (re-elected in 2021, current president)
We are going to know more about Somalia with my friend Zoe
Population ( Zoe Sandoval )
Zoe: Would you like to know how many people live in this country?
Zoe: According to UN estimates in 2021, the population of Somalia is approximately 16.4
million. The population growth rate is 2.98% and the population density is approximately
25 people per square kilometer. The majority of the Somali population lives in rural areas,
although in recent years there has been an increase in urbanization due to political and
economic instability in some regions of the country.
Zoe: Somalia has suffered many years of conflict, insecurity and extreme poverty, which
has resulted in high mortality rates in the country. According to World Health Organization
(WHO) estimates, the death rate in Somalia is around 11.9 deaths per 1,000 people per
year. Some causes of death in Somalia are from
Zoe: Infectious diseases, Malnutrition, Conflicts and violence, Accidents
Zoe: It is important to note that due to a lack of resources and insecurity in some parts of
the country, mortality statistics in Somalia may be inaccurate and underestimate the true
number of deaths.
Important people in Somalia. ( Raphaella Santamaria)
Thanks Zoe, that was so interesting right?
But now I am going to talk about a thing that is more interesting .
I am going to talk about important people in Somalia.
I have 7 interesting people to talk about.
Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed: He is the current president of Somalia, elected in 2017

Fatima Jibrell: She is an environmental activist and founder of the non-governmental

organization Adeso.
Ali Shire Warsame: He was a Somali political and military leader who fought against Italian
colonization in the Nugaal region in the 1920s.

Mohamed Ibrahim Warsame 'Hadrawi': He is a Somali poet and writer known for his
works dealing with Somali historical and cultural issues.

Edna Adan Ismail: She is a Somali midwife, nurse, and activist who has worked to improve
the health of women and children in the country.

Abdiweli Mohamed Ali: He is a Somali economist and politician who served as the Prime
Minister of Somalia from 2011 to 2013.

Ayaan Hirsi Ali: She is a Somali-Dutch political activist who has been noted for her work in
defense of women's rights and in the fight against Islamic extremism.
This are some people that made good things for the people of Somalia and have kind
hearts.
Economy ( Ana Paula Arias , Emily noboa )
Ana: Now we are going to talk about the economy of Somalia the mos important thing in
all the world
Ana: Somalia's economy has historically been dependent on agriculture, fishing, and trade.
However, the political instability and civil war that has plagued the country since 1991 has
had a negative impact on its economy.
Ana: The agricultural sector remains important in Somalia, accounting for a large part of
its economy.
Ana: Trade has also been an important activity in Somalia for centuries, and the country is
known for its strategic position on the coast of the Indian Ocean. However, the armed
conflict has negatively affected the country's trade and infrastructure.

Ana: Currently, Somalia is one of the poorest countries in the world, with an estimated
poverty rate of more than 70% of the population. The country also faces challenges in
terms of food security and access to basic services such as drinking water and medical
care.

Ana: Despite these challenges, Somalia has begun to experience economic growth in
recent years, fueled in part by improved security and foreign investment. The
telecommunications and mobile banking sector has also grown significantly in Somalia,
driven by the lack of traditional banking infrastructure and high mobile phone penetration
in the country.
Emily: Somalia's main economic sources are agriculture, fishing, livestock, and trade.
According to World Bank estimates, the agricultural sector accounts for about 60% of
Somalia's GDP, while fishing and livestock account for about 10% each.

Emily: In terms of specific products, Somalia is known for its production of agricultural
products such as bananas, maize, sorghum, and citrus fruits. Livestock production is also a
major source of income in the country, as Somalia has a large number of livestock,
including camels, sheep, and goats.

Emily: As for the income generated from the sale of these products, it is difficult to
provide precise figures due to the lack of official data and the informal nature of many of
these markets. However, prices for agricultural and livestock products in Somalia often
fluctuate based on factors such as supply and demand, weather conditions, and
competition from other markets.
Education ( Maria Belén)
Hello I am Maria Belén and you are going to finish with me this fantastic adventure inside
the history of Somalia
Education in Somalia has historically been a challenge due to lack of infrastructure, political
instability and poverty. Formal education is divided into three levels: primary, secondary and
tertiary education.

Education in Somalia is very informal and has a lot of gender inequality and only 35% of minors
attend class and about 20% leave school before reaching secondary school. UNESCO estimates
that around 4 .4 million children are out of school, since most schools are located in cities.
However, there is a high level of literacy among men and women (UNICEF, 2015). The last
comprehensive survey on education in Somalia was in 2006, and the information available is
insufficient (UNICEF, 2016).

Thanks for you attention I hope you enjoy it.