Types of Bias

ASIA PACIFIC COLLEGE OF ADVANCED STUDIES
(047) 237-4438
A.H Banzon St., Ibayo, Balanga City Bataan
COLLEGE OF EDUCATION
A DETAILED LESSON PLAN FOR ENGLISH 9
I. OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lesson, 100% of the student with 75% level of proficiency shall be able to:
1. (Cognitive) identify the source and basis to look for in a biased situation;
2. (Psychomotor) examine the type of bias present in varied situations; and
3. (Affective) stress the importance of possessing fairness.
II. SUBJECT MATTER/CONTENT

Topic: Types of Bias
Integrated Subject: EsP
LEARNING RESOURCES
A. REFERENCES
https://www.google.com/search?q=arabo&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwjk97mEwM_9AhWx-
GEKHcXDBNcQ2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=arabo&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQAzIFCAAQgAQyBQgAEIAEMgUIABCA
BDIFCAAQgAQyBQgAEIAEMgUIABCABDIFCAAQgAQyBQgAEIAEMgUIABCABDIF
CAAQgAQ6BAgjECc6CAgAEIAEELEDOggIABCxAxCDAToLCAAQgAQQsQMQgwE6
BAgAEEM6BwgAELEDEEM6CggAELEDEIMBEEM6BAgAEANQAFiZBWDJB2gAcAB4
AIABe4gBzwSSAQMwLjWYAQCgAQGqAQtnd3Mtd2l6LWltZ8ABAQ&sclient=img&ei
=gSgKZKSzELHxhwPFh5O4DQ&bih=552&biw=1280&rlz=1C1CHBF_enPH1042PH1042#i
mgrc=edYQNPqrYEryAM
https://thedecisionlab.com/biases/anchoring-bias
https://outsmartingimplicitbias.org/module/anchoring-bias/
https://www.easyvest.be/articles/en_US/Post/anchoring-bias-don-t-get-stuck-with-a-fixed-
idea
https://theoracle.glenbrook225.org/features/2021/02/12/media-bias-pushes-country-
further-apart-in-politically-divided-era/
https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-a-confirmation-bias-2795024
https://www.marketing91.com/confirmation-bias/
https://ethicsunwrapped.utexas.edu/video/conformity-bias
III. PROCEDURES
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Teacher’s Activities Students’ Activities
A. Preliminary Activities
Good morning, let us start our day by asking guidance from

the Lord.
May I request __________to lead the prayer?

(____________leads the prayer)
(Students will pray)
Good morning class!

Good morning, sir!
Before you sit, kindly arrange your chairs and pick up the
pieces of paper under them. (Students will sit and pick up
the trashes under their chairs)
Okay class, is anyone absent today?

I’m glad to report that no one
is absent today.
B. Reviewing previous lesson or presenting the
lesson
Before we proceed to our next lesson, let’s have a short

recap of what we discussed yesterday.
What are the features to look for to identify whether the

situation is biased or not? Give me one. Narrow-mindedness
Good!
Limited reference/basis
What else?
Favoritism
Other?
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And? One-sidedness
Very good! Personal dislikes/likes
In short, what term do you need to remember all the

features?
It’s the Flip ON, sir.
Definitely!
C. Establishing a purpose for the lesson

(MOTIVATION)
Let’s begin our lesson by doing this activity called “Decode

Time”.
Read the instructions.

On a whole sheet of paper, for
3 minutes, decode what the
You may now start decoding. picture implies using the
number substitution cypher
below.
1 14 3 8 15 18 9 14 7
2 9 1 19
13 5 4 9 1 2 9 1 19
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3 15 14 6 15 18 13 9
13 9 20 25
3 15 14 6 9 18 14 1
20 9 15 14
8 1 12 15 5 6 6 5 3
20
Time’s up! Let us answer now.

(Possible answer)
For the first picture, what can you observe?
I can observe an anchor and
unequal justice, sir.
(Possible answer)
Good! So, what is the decoded word? Anchoring Bias
Correct!
(Possible answer)
Next. What can you see in the photo? I can see a TV, which reports
are not truthful.
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Nice observation! Then what is the decoded word? (Possible answer)
Media Bias
And for the next picture, what is your observation? (Possible answer)
My observation is that people

are doing the same thing or
they just imitate each other, sir.
Right! What is the decoded word?

Conformity
Correct!
Look at the fourth photo, what can you infer in the photo?
(Possible answer)
One believes only the things he

wants to believe, sir.
Correct! What is the decoded word? Confirmation
Definitely.
For the last photo, what have you observed? (Possible answer)
I observed that the true

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motives of a person should not

be based on his/her face.
Halo Effect
And what is the decoded word?
Our lesson today is all about

different types of bias.
Based from our activity, what do you think is our lesson
today?
Right!
(A student reads)
With that, here are our objectives.
At the end of the lesson, 100%
Please read.
of the student with 75% level
of proficiency shall be able to:
1. (Cognitive)
identify the source
and basis to look
for in a biased
situation;
2. (Psychomotor)
examine what type
of bias present in
the situation; and
3. (Affective) stress
the importance of
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possessing
fairness.
Anchoring Bias
D. Presentation of the Lesson
In your activity, bias has 5 types. What are they again?

Media Bias
Give me one.
Conformity
What else?
Confirmation
Any other hands?
Hallo Effect
And?
What’s the last?
Correct. It seems that you did really remember all of the

types of the Anchoring
bias. Bias
Media Bias Conformity
Again, these
BIAS
are the types
of the bias. Confirmation Halo Effect
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Now, let’s have this photo and analyze it.
(Possible answer)
A man seems like he is buying.
(Possible answer)
What do you think is the situation in the photo? He chose the other mug which
has a deduction despite the
fact that both mugs have the
same price.
Correct! What can you observe in his action?

(Possible answer)
The basis on why he chose the

mug which has a deduction
because he believes he can save
money.
What do you think is the basis of his action?
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(Possible answer)
Yes, sir because the man relies

too much on first piece of
information in his decision-
making.
Is he being biased?
Anchoring bias occurs when

people rely too much on pre-
Correct! In fact, that is an anchoring bias. existing information or the first
information they find when
Please read.
making decisions.
Another example:
(Possible answer)
If you first see a T-shirt that costs $1,200 – then see a second
The first information is the T-
one that costs $100 – you’re prone to see the second shirt as
shirt that costs $1,200.
cheap.
In the situation, what is the first information?

(Possible answer)
Yes, sir. He thought that the

second shirt is cheap because
Does the first information affect his view of the second of the first information.
shirt?
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(Possible answer)
I have here another photo.
(Possible reason)
Look at the photo. Try to observe it. There are two news reporters
from different media outlets,
What is your observation?
and their reports contradict
each other.
Correct! (Possible reason)
What do you think class is the main reason of these two The main reason of these two
news anchors on having different reports in the similar news anchors on having
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event? different reports in the similar

event maybe due to how they
select the information they like
to feed to people. It may also
depend on their intent.
(Possible answer)
Is that biased?
Yes, sir since new reports only
choose what they want to
show to viewers.
(A student reads)
Right! And that refers to Media Bias.
Media bias refers to the
Kindly read the definition of media bias.
subjective processes involved
in the selection and curation of
information presented within
media. It can lead to incorrect,
inaccurate, incomplete,
misleading, misrepresented, or
otherwise skewed reporting.
And obviously, the very source of bias is the media.
Another example:
During 2020 Election, SMNI News Tv, and other channels

on TV had different views on the running president Bong
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Bong Marcos. SMNI News Tv was considered to be pro-

Marcos, while other channels such GMA and ABS-CBN
(Possible answer)
supported Leni and showcased all the criminal cases of
Marcos family. SMNI News Tv, sir because
they only select the
In the given situation, which outlet is considered to have
information they show to
media bias?
people.
Good!
Let’s have our next photo
(Possible answer)
People want comforting lies

over unpleasant truths.
What’s your observation in the presented photo?
(Possible answer)
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People choose lies because

they fit in their beliefs and they
benefit from them.
In this case, class, why do you think people choose to lie?
(Possible answer)
Yes, sir because they only

choose information which fit in
their beliefs.
Can it be considered as bias?
(A student reads)
Confirmation bias happens

when one tends to search for,
interpret, favor, and remember
Exactly, and that is confirmation bias.
information supporting one's
Please read. belief and view.
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Any ideas on this illustration? (Possible answer)
This illustrates confirmation

bias as one only selects what
part of the fact and evidence;
he will believe that will fit in
his beliefs.
And definitely the source of this bias is one’s beliefs.
Another examples:
Let’s move on to our fourth photo.

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(Possible answer)
In the first picture, the girl

who’s passing by is ignored.
(Possible answer)
In the second picture, the girl

who’s passing by is not
ignored anymore as she now
What can you observe in the first picture? belongs to the group who are
sitting.
(Possible answer)
She conforms with their likes

Correct! What about in the second photo?
and demands.
What do you think is the reason why she is able to hang

(Possible answer)
with others?
Yes, sir
When one conforms just to fit in even if it contradicts one's

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own beliefs or values, can she be considered biased?
(A student reads)
Right! And that is conformity bias. A new employee joins a

company where the dress code
is formal business attire. The
Conformity bias happens when one makes a wrong or employee has a unique style
uncomfortable decision to fit in to please the group of and prefers to dress in a more
people. casual and creative manner.
However, upon observing
their colleagues' formal attire,
the employee starts to feel
Another example:
pressure to conform to the
Please read. company's dress code. Despite
their discomfort, the employee
begins to dress more formally,
feeling that their own style is
not acceptable.
(Possible answer)
The student shows conformity

bias by conforming to the
group's opinion rather than
expressing their own beliefs
and ideas.
What does it make a conformity bias?

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(Possible answer)
The killer for me is the man

because of his physical
And our last photo.
appearance.
(Possible answer)
I think she is innocent, sir.
(Students raise their hands)
Between the photos, who do you think is a killer? The man

or the woman.
(A student reads)
If so, what about the woman?
The halo effect is a type of bias
in which our overall
impression of a person
influences how we feel and
What about the others? Raise your hands if you agree that think about his or her
the man is the killer. character.
Now, those who agreed that the man is the killer is biased.
Specifically, you used hallo effect. Yes, sir.
What does hallo effect mean? Please read.
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(Possible answer)
The source and basis of bias is

the first information.
Am I making myself clear?
(Possible answer)
E. DEVELOPMENT OF THE LESSON
Media are the obvious source
Again, you need to always identify the source and basis of
of bias.
bias to determine what type bias is present in the situations.
In anchoring bias, what is the source and basis of bias?
(Possible answer)
The source and the basis of

What about the basis in media bias?
bias in confirmation bias is
one’s belief.
In confirmation Bias, what can be your basis? (Possible answer)
The source and the basis of

bias in conformity bias is one’s
eagerness to forcedly fit in.
(Possible answer)
The source and basis of bias in

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hallo effect is one’s perception

toward someone.
What about in conformity?
And for hallo effect?
(Possible answer)
I felt bad when I had to

conform with my school
friends for me not to be
bullied. Others got shocked
that I was one of the bullies.
(student’s answers may vary)

In life, fairness is indeed essential and bias can be impacted
one negatively. For instance, in conformity bias, because of
always conforming, regardless of what influence you can
get, one may be put at risk.
(Possible answer)
“Describe a time when you felt that someone treated you Sometimes we can’t do
unfairly. How did it make you feel, and what impact did it something on the bias present
have on your relationship with that person?” in the society, but what we can
do is not to be part of it.
(Student’s answers may vary)

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When you witnessed someone being treated unfairly. What

did you do to address the situation.
(Possible answer)
IV. GENERALIZATION
The photo implies not be
Integrated subject: Edukasyon sa Pagpapakatao unfair.
(Possible answer)
Life would be in chaos.

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Now, what do you think this photo tries to imply?
Good!
What do you think if there is unfairness in every side of the

world? Would it be happy? If not why?
V. APPLICATION
Think Pair Share:

(A student reads)
1. Think: Give students a prompt or question related to
1. Describe the types of
the topic you are studying. Ask them to take a few
bias in simple terms.
minutes to think about their response to the prompt
2. Choose one type of bias
or question.
and make an example
2. Pair: Have students pair up with a partner nearby. situation.
They can choose their own partner or you can assign
them.
3. Share: Students take turns sharing their response to

the prompt or question with their partner.
Encourage them to listen actively and ask questions
for clarification or more information.
4. Class Discussion: After the pairs have had their

discussions, open up the floor for a class discussion.
Yes, sir.
Ask a few pairs to share their conversations or
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responses. Encourage the class to listen actively and

ask questions for further understanding.
This will be your questions. Kindly read.
Criteria:
(Students do the activity)
You have five minutes to finish the activity and afterward,

we’ll choose at least three pairs to present their activity.
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Is the instruction clear?
You may now find your partner and start doing your task.
VI. EVALUATION
Samantha is walking through the park and notices a man

sitting on a bench with several tattoos covering his arms
and neck. She immediately assumes that he must be a
troublemaker and someone she should avoid. She believes
that his tattoos are a reflection of his personality and that he
is likely to be impulsive and aggressive. As Samantha
continues her walk, she sees the same man interacting with
a group of children who seem to be laughing and having
fun. She watches as he shows them how to do a simple
magic trick, and they all clap and cheer.
On a one-half crosswise, analyze the scenario and answer

the following questions in three-five sentences.
1-2 Is Samantha biased? How so? Explain your answer.

3. What type of bias did she portray?
4-5 If you were Samantha, would you think the same?
Why?
Criteria
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2 1 0
Completen Was able to Was able to Was unable to

ess write 3-5 write 1-2 write even
sentences sentences one sentence
Relevance The content is The content is The content is

connected somehow not connected
and related to connected and related to
what is asked. and related to what is asked.
what is asked.
Clarity of The The The

thoughts thoughts/mes thoughts/mes thoughts/mes
sage is sage is sage is not
organized somehow organized
properly and organized properly and
clear. properly and clear.
clear.
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Types of Bias

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Types of Bias

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ASIA PACIFIC COLLEGE OF ADVANCED STUDIES

A DETAILED LESSON PLAN FOR ENGLISH 9

II. SUBJECT MATTER/CONTENT

Teacher’s Activities Students’ Activities

Good morning, let us start our day by asking guidance from

May I request __________to lead the prayer?

(Students will pray)

Good morning class!

Okay class, is anyone absent today?

Before we proceed to our next lesson, let’s have a short

What are the features to look for to identify whether the

Very good! Personal dislikes/likes

In short, what term do you need to remember all the

C. Establishing a purpose for the lesson

Let’s begin our lesson by doing this activity called “Decode

Read the instructions.

Time’s up! Let us answer now.

Good! So, what is the decoded word? Anchoring Bias

Nice observation! Then what is the decoded word? (Possible answer)

My observation is that people

Right! What is the decoded word?

One believes only the things he

Correct! What is the decoded word? Confirmation

I observed that the true

motives of a person should not

Our lesson today is all about

In your activity, bias has 5 types. What are they again?

What’s the last?

Correct. It seems that you did really remember all of the

Media Bias Conformity

Now, let’s have this photo and analyze it.

A man seems like he is buying.

Correct! What can you observe in his action?

The basis on why he chose the

Yes, sir because the man relies

Anchoring bias occurs when

In the situation, what is the first information?

Yes, sir. He thought that the

I have here another photo.

Correct! (Possible reason)

event? different reports in the similar

And obviously, the very source of bias is the media.

During 2020 Election, SMNI News Tv, and other channels

Bong Marcos. SMNI News Tv was considered to be pro-

Let’s have our next photo

People want comforting lies

What’s your observation in the presented photo?

People choose lies because

Yes, sir because they only

Confirmation bias happens

Any ideas on this illustration? (Possible answer)

This illustrates confirmation

And definitely the source of this bias is one’s beliefs.

Let’s move on to our fourth photo.

In the first picture, the girl

In the second picture, the girl

She conforms with their likes

What do you think is the reason why she is able to hang

When one conforms just to fit in even if it contradicts one's

own beliefs or values, can she be considered biased?

Right! And that is conformity bias. A new employee joins a

The student shows conformity

What does it make a conformity bias?