Disadvantages continuation:

The possibility of losing one's employment is another drawback. The widespread use of autonomous
vehicles could lead to job losses in associated industries like automobile insurance as well as others
that include driving, like taxi and trucking (Anderson, 2018). While self-driving car development and
maintenance may lead to new job opportunities, it's unclear if these positions will entirely replace
those that are lost (Domingos, 2015).

The demand for uniform infrastructure and standards is another difficulty with self-driving cars.
Consistent laws and infrastructure, including as standardized data-sharing procedures, mapping
systems, and communication protocols, are necessary for the broad use of these vehicles
(Domingos, 2015). Governments, businesses, and individuals will need to make large investments,
and they will need to work together.

Despite the ways in which self-driving cars are revolutionizing the transportation industry, accidents
involving other vehicles be it autonomous or driven by a human, passengers, pedestrians, and other
road users are inevitable. If a self-driving car gets into an accident, it is not clear who would be liable
for the damage. This could lead to legal disputes and insurance headaches, which could slow the
adoption of these cars.

Most people would prefer to avoid harming the pedestrian since they have a strong moral intuition
that says we shouldn't injure others. The apparent level of control over the activities is lower when
an AV responds to this situation, and the AV is also held accountable for any negative outcomes.
Customers may be given a way to defend themselves while also being protected from the moral
consequences of hurting a pedestrian because of this. As a result, more people will be prepared to
select harm to the pedestrian when operating an AV than when operating a standard vehicle (Tripat,
2020).

There is a lack of implementation of proposed algorithms due to a scarcity of data in this domain. No
real-world testing is done in pedestrian detection to see how well the suggested approaches identify
things in real-time. Heavy obstructions can sometimes cause a pedestrian's orientation to differ from
another's image mask, which can lead to inaccurate orientation assessment. Therefore, no algorithm
is entirely precise or quick. When spotting pedestrians in the dark, accuracy and quickness must be
traded off. Predicting pedestrian behaviour is often overlooked, causing serious harm to everyone
involved in the scene (Parekh, D. et al, 2022).

1. Anderson, C. (2018). Self-driving cars and the future of work. Harvard Business Review.
Retrieved from https://hbr.org/2018/05/self-driving-cars-and-the-future-of-work
2. Domingos, P. (2015). The Master Algorithm: How the Quest for the Ultimate Learning
Machine Will Remake Our World. Basic Books.

3. Tripat, G. (2020) “Blame it on the self-driving car: How autonomous vehicles can
alter consumer morality,” Journal of Consumer Research, 47(2), pp. 272–291.
Available at: https://doi.org/10.1093/jcr/ucaa018.
4. Parekh, D. et al. (2022) “A review on Autonomous Vehicles: Progress, methods and
challenges,” Electronics, 11(14), p. 2162. Available at:
https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11142162.