Chemistry : Stoichiometry

SECTION - I
SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
Problem 1 : A solution containing 2.68  10-3 mol of An+ ions requires 1.61  10-3 mol of MnO4- for
the complete oxidation of An+ to AO3- in acidic medium. What is the value of n?
Solution : Mn O 4 would convert to Mn2+. Therefore its ‘n’ factor would be 5.

 Equivalents of Mn O 4 = 1.61  10-3  5 = 8.05  10-3

Equivalents of An+ = 8.05  10-3
‘n’ factor of AO3 = 5 n
 (5n)  2.68  10-3 = 8.05  10-3
n=2
Problem 2 : Calculate the weight of MnO 2 and the volume of HCl of specific gravity
1.2 gml–1 and 4% by weight needed to produce 1.78 litre of Cl2 at STP by the reaction.
MnO2 + 4HCl  MnCl2 + 2H2O +Cl2
1.78
Solution : Number of moles of Cl2 = = 0.07946
22.4
Number of moles of MnO2 = 0.07946
 Mass of MnO2 = 0.0794  87 = 6.913 g
 Number of moles of HCl = 4  0.07946 = 0.3178
Mass of HCl = 0.3176  36.5
Let the volume of HCl = V ml
4
 V  1.2  = 0.317  36.5 = 241.66 ml
100
Problem 3 : A sea water sample has a density of 1.03 g/cm3 and 2.8% NaCl by mass. A saturated
solution of NaCl in water is 5.45 M NaCl. How much water would have to be evaporated
from 106 litre of sea water before NaCl would precipitate.
Solution : We know,

2.8
Molarity of sea water =  0.493
100
58.5 
1.03  1000
Now on heating this sea water, solution, water is evaporated and let V litre solution is left
with molarity 5.45 M.
 Moles of solute in conc. solution = Moles of solute in dil. Solution
 5.45  V  0.493  10 6

 V  9.1  10 4 litre

Thus, water evaporated = 100  104  9.1  104 = 90.9  104 litre
 Chemistry : Stoichiometry

Problem 4 : The reaction, Zn + CuSO4  Cu + ZnSO4 goes to completion. In one experiment,

10g of metallic zinc was added to 200 mL CuSO 4 solution. After all the Cu was
precipitated, it was found that not all the zinc had dissolved. After filtration, the total
solid at the end of reaction was 9.81g. Calculate the weight of Cu deposited and
molarity of CuSO4 in original solution.
Solution : Zn + CuSO4  Cu + ZnSO4
Let a mole of Zn reacts and all Cu2+ is deposited
10 M  200
Moles present initially 0 0
65 1000

 10 
Moles present finally   a  a a
 65 
Zn and Cu are left as solid mass = 9.81
 Weight of Zn + weight of Cu = 9.81
 10 
  a   65  a  63.5  9.81
 65 
 Wt. of Cu formed = 0.126  63.5  8.001g
Wt. of Zn left 10  (0.126  65)  8.19g 10–
Now moles of CuSO4 in solution = 0.126
 Molarity × VL = 0.126
200
M  0.126
1000
0.126  1000
 M = 0.63
200
Problem 5 : 2.480g of KClO3 are dissolved in conc. HCl and the solution was boiled. Chlorine gas
evolved in the reaction was then passed through a solution of KI and liberated iodine
was titrated with 100 mL of hypo. 2.3 mL of same hypo solution required 24.6 mL of
0.5 N iodine for complete neutralization. Calculate % purity of KClO3 sample.
Solution : 2KClO3 + 12HCl  2KCl + 6H2O + 6Cl2
Cl2 + 2KI  2KCl + I­2
Also Meq. of I 2 = Meq. of Hypo = 100 × 1
 N Hypo 12.3  24.6  0.5;  N Hypo  1

100
Also mM of Cl2  mM of I 2   50
2
2  mM of Cl2 2  50 50
Also mM of KClO3   
6 6 3
w 50  Wt.  1000 
 122.5  1000  3  milli-mole (mM)=  w
mol.wt.   KClO3  2.042

2.042
 % of KClO3   100  82.32%
2.48
Chemistry : Stoichiometry

Problem 6 : 5.7 g. of bleaching powder was suspended in 500 ml. of water. 25 ml. of this solution
on treatment with KI in the presence of HCl liberated iodine which reacted with 24.35
ml. of N/10 Na2S2O3. Calculate the % of ‘available’ chlorine in the bleaching powder.
Solution : Milli eq. of Na2 S2O3 = 24.35  1/10 = 2.435
This would be the milli eq. of I2 and therefore that of Cl2 ( which liberates I2 from KI).
Milli eq. of Cl2 in 500 ml. = 2.435  20 = 48.7
Meq. of Cl2 = meq of bleaching powder = Meq of available Cl2 in the bleaching powder.

48.7 35.5
% of chlorine =   100  30. 33%
1000 5.7

Problem 7 : The molecular mass of an organic acid was determined by the study of its barium salt
4.290g of salt was quantitatively converted to free acid by the reaction with 21.64 of
0.477 M H2SO4. The barium salt was found to have two mole of water of hydration per
Ba2+ ion and the acid is mono basic. What is molecular weight of anhydrous acid?
Solution : Mew. of barium salt = Meq. of acid

4.290
 1000 = 21.64  0.4777  2
M/2

Molecular weight of salt = 415.61

415.61  137  36
Molecular weight of anion =  121.31
2

 Molecular weight of acid = 121.31 + 1 = 122.31

Problem 8: 433 g of CrI3 with percentage purity 1%, with background inert impurity, is completely
reacting with 200 ml of H2O2 in basic medium, where CrI3 is oxidised into CrO4–2
and IO 4 – , then find out the “vol” strength of H 2 O 2 . (Cr = 52,
I = 127)

4.33
Solution : m mole of CrI3=  1000 = 10
433

3 3 6 7
 C rO 42  I O4
C rI3 

n-factor of CrI3 = (6 – 3) + 3 [7 – (–1)] = 27

meq. of CrI3 = 27 × 10 = 270
meq. of H2O2 = 200 ml × yN = 276
 y = 1.35N
 Vol. Strength = 5.6 × 1.35 = 7.56
 Chemistry : Stoichiometry

Problem 9: When a 40 ml of a 0.01 M weak base, BOH is titrated with 0.16 M HCl, the pH of the
solution at the end point is 5.23. What will be the pH if 15 ml of 0.12 M NaOH is
added to the resulting solution. (log 0.0243 = – 1.613)
Solution : BOH + HCl  BCl (salt of weak base and strong acid) + H O
2
Volume of HCl required for end point
40 × 0.01 = 0.16 × V
V = 2.5 ml
BCl  NaOH 
 BOH  NaCl
Initial 0.4 1.8 0
Millimoles
Millimoles 0 1.4 0.4
after reaction
1.4
[NaOH] =
57.5
[OH–] = 0.0243
POH = 1.613
PH = 12.38
Problem 10: A sample of hard water is found to contain 400 ppm of Ca+2 ion. 2.12 g of Na2CO3
is added into 1 kg of hard water. What is the new concentration of Ca+2 ion in ppm ?
Density of all solution be 1.00 g/cc. Ksp of CaCO3 is 9.0 × 10–7 M2.

400 103
Solution : Initial conc. of Ca+2 ion.    1  102 M
40 1
Initial moles of Ca ion in 1 kg water = 10–2 = 0.01
+2

2.12
moles of Na2CO3 added in 1 kg water =  2  102
106
moles of CO3–2 left in 1 kg water after reaction with Ca+2 = 0.02 – 0.01 = 0.01
0.01
[CO3–2] in solution = = 0.01 M
1
Ksp CaCO3 = [Ca+2] [CO3–2]

9  107
[Ca+2] =
102
[Ca+2] = 9 × 10–5 mole/litre = 3.6 ppm of Ca+2 ion
Chemistry : Stoichiometry

SECTION - II
SINGLE CHOICE PROBLEMS
Problem 1: No. of oxalic acid molecules in 100 ml of 0.02 N oxalic acid are
(a) 6.023  1020 (b) 6.023  1021
(c) 6.023  1022 (d) 6.023  1023
Solution : Normality = Molarity  Valence factor
Normality
 Molarity =
Valence factor
Valence factor for oxalic acid

mo. wt. of oxalic acid

= Eq. wt. of oxalic acid

0.02
Molarity = = 0.01
2
Number of millimoles = 0.01  100
Number of moles = 0.001
 No. of oxalic acid molecules = 0.0016.0231023 =6.023  1020
(a)
Problem 2: 112 ml of a gas is produced at S.T.P. by the action of 4.12 mg of alcohol ROH with CH3MgI.
The molecular mass of alcohol is
(a) 32 g (b) 41.2 g
(c) 82.4 g (d) 156 g
Solution : ROH + CH3MgI 
 CH4 + Mg(OH)I
1 mole 1 mole
So the gas produced is CH4.
1 mole CH4 will be produced from 1 mole of alcohol
 22.4 lit CH4 will be produced by mol. wt. of alcohol
112 ml CH4 is produced from 4.12 mg of alcohol
412  22400
 22400 ml CH4 is produced from mg = 82400 mg = 82.4 g
112
So Mol.wt. of alcohol = 82.4 g
(c)
Problem 3 : The number of moles of Cr2O72– needed to oxidized 0.136 equivalents of N2H5+ by the reaction
: N 2 H5  Cr2O72– 
 N 2  Cr 3  H 2O is
(a) 0.136 (b) 0.272
(c) 0.816 (d) 0.0227
 Chemistry : Stoichiometry

6
Solution : ‘n’ factor of Cr2 O72– is 6. [Cr O 2– 
 Cr 3 ]
2 7

(n = 3 × 2 = 6)
Equivalents of Cr2 O72– needed = equivalents of N 2 H5  0.136

2– 0.136
Mole of Cr2 O7   0.0227
6
 (d)
Problem 4 : Ethanol C2 H5OH , is the substance commonly called “alcohol”. The density of liquid ethanol
is 0.7893 g ml –1 at 20°C. If 1.2 mole of ethanol are needed for a particular experiment,
what volume of ethanol should be measured out ?
(a) 55 ml (b) 58 ml
(c) 70 ml (d) 79 ml.
Solution : Mass of ethanol needed  1.2  46  55.2

Mass of ethanol 55.2

Volume of ethanol measured out  Density of ethanol  0.7893 70 ml

(c)
Problem 5 : A 10.0 g sample of a mixture of calcium chloride and sodium chloride is treated with Na2CO3
to precipitate the calcium as calcium carbonate. This CaCO3 is heated to convert all the
calcium to CaO and the final mass of CaO is 1.62 gms. The % by mass of CaCl2 in the
original mixture is
(a) 15.2% (b) 32.1%
(c) 21.8% (d) 11.07%.
Solution : CaCl2  Na 2 CO3 
 CaCO3  2NaCl … (i)

CaCO3 
 CaO  CO 2 … (ii)

1.62
Moles of CaO   Moles of CaCl2 [from equation (i) and (ii)]
56

1.62
Mass of CaCl2   111  3.21gm
56

3.21
% of CaCl2   100  32.1%
10
(b)
Problem 6 : A 0.5 g sample of dichromate ore require 20 ml of 0.22 M ferrous ammonium sulphate for
complete reduction. The percentage of chromium in the sample is
(a) 15.25% (b) 20.5%
(c) 30.5% (d) 61%.
Chemistry : Stoichiometry

Solution : Equivalents of Cr2 O 72–  Equivalents of ferrous ammonium sulphate

 20  0.22  10–3  4.4  10 –3

2– 4.4  10 –3
Moles of Cr2 O7 
6

4.4  10–3  2
Moles of Cr in the sample 
6

4.4  10–3  52  100

% of Cr in the sample   15.25%
3  0.5
 (a)
Problem 7 : 0.3 g of a sample of an oxalate salt is dissolved in 100 cc of water. It required 90 cc of
N/20 KMnO4 solution for complete oxidation. The percentage of oxalate (C 2 O 42– ) in the
given sample is
(a) 66 (b) 33
(c) 68 (d) 64.
Solution : Equivalents of oxalate present= Equivalents of KMnO 4 used

1
 90   10 –3
20

90  1/ 20  10 –3
Mass of oxalate present   88  0.198g
2

0.198
% of oxalate in the given sample of   100  66
0.3
 (a)
Problem 8 : 1.25 g of a sample of Na2CO3 and Na2SO4 is dissolved and the volume made upto 250 ml 25
ml of this solution neutralizes 20 ml of 0.1 N H2SO3. the percentage of Na2SO4 in the
sample is
(a) 84.8% (b) 15.2%
(c) 89.89% (d) 19.2%.
Solution : H2SO4 will react only with, Na2CO3.
Equivalents of Na2CO3 in 250 ml = 20  0.1  10 –3  10  20  10 –3

20  10 –3
Mass of Na 2 CO3   106  1.06g
2
Mass of Na 2SO 4  (1.25 – 1.06)  0.19g

0.19
% of Na 2SO 4   100  15.2
1.25
(b)
 Chemistry : Stoichiometry

Problem 9 : 100 ml of M/10 acidic K2Cr2O7 was treated with excess of FeC2O4 solution. The volume of
CO2 gas evolved at STP will be
(a) 149.2 ml (b) 672 ml
(c) 896 ml (d) 1344 ml.
100
Solution : Milliequivalent of K2Cr2O7 (n-factor = 6) as oxidant   6  60
10
60 milliequivalent of reductant FeC2O4 (n-factor = 3) or
60
 20 millimole of ferrous oxalate will react with the given amount of oxidant.
3
 20  2  40 millimole CO2 will be given off.
Volume of CO2 at STP = 40 × 10–3  22400  890 ml
 (c)
Problem 10 : When 16.6 g of KI is treated with excess of KIO3 in presence of 6N HCl, ICl is produced.
The amount of KIO3 consumed and the ICl formed are
(a) 0.1 mol and 0.3 mole (b) 0.05 mol and 0.3 mol
(c) 0.05 mol and 0.15 mole (d) 0.1 mol and 0.15 mol.
HCl
Solution : 2KI –1  KI 5O3   3I1Cl
n2 n4

16.6
 0.1 0.05 0.15 (moles)
166
(c)
Chemistry : Stoichiometry

SECTION - III
MULTIPLE CHOICE PROBLEMS
1
Problem 1: F2 + O 2  OF2 . In this reaction
2
(a) O2 act as oxidising agent (b) F2act as oxidising agent
(c) It is not a redox reaction (d) O2 acts as reducing agent

Solution : (b, d)
Problem 2 : In the titration of K2Cr2O7 and ferrous sulphate, following data is obtained
V1 mL of 1.0 M1 K2Cr2O7 requires
V2 mL of 1.0 M2FeSO4
Which of the following relations is/are true for the above titration.
(a) 6 M1V1 = M2V2 (b) M1V1 = 6 M2V2
(b) N1V1 = N2V2 (d) M1V1 = M2V2
Solution : (a, c)
(a) 6 M1V1 = M2V2 is correct

 MWt 
 For K 2 Cr2O 7 , Eq. wt.  6 

(c) N1V1 = N2V2 is always correct.

(b) and (d) are not possible.
Problem 3: The density of 3 M sodium thiosulphate is 1.25 g mL–1. Identify the correct statements
among the following :
(a) % by weight of sodium thiosulphate is 37.92
(b) The mole fraction of sodium thiosulphate is 0.065
(c) The molality of Na+ is 2.53 and S2O32– is 1.25
(d) all of these
Solution : (a, b)
% by Wt.  10  d
M [M. Wt of Na2S2O3 = 46 + 64 + 48 = 158]
M.Wt.
% by Wt.  10  1.25
3
M.Wt.
3  158 474
% by wt    37.92
12.5 12.5
M  1000 3  1000 3000 3000
m     3.86
1000  d  M  M.Wt. 1000  1.25  3  158 1250  474 776
(b) is correct because
3.86 3.86 3.86
xB     0.065
1000 3.86  55.50 59.36
3.86 
18
 Chemistry : Stoichiometry

Problem 4 : A 5L vessel contains 2.8 g of N2. When heated to 1800 K, 30% molecules are dissociated
into atoms.
(a) Total no. of moles in the container will be 0.13
(b) Total no. of molecules in the container will be close to 0.421 × 1023
(c) Total no of moles in the container will be 0.098
(d) all of these are correct
Solution : (a, b)
30% of molecule dissociated N2  2N

2.8 70
Amount of N2 left =   0.1  0.7  0.07
28 100

30
No. of moles of N atoms formed = 2   0.1  0.06
100
(a) Total no. of moles = 0.07 + 0.06 = 0.13
(b) Total number of molecules = 0.07 × 6.023 × 1023 = 4.2 × 1022 molecule = 0.421 × 1023
 product contains atoms of Nitrogen and not molecule
Problem 5 : The density of air is 0.001293 g/cm3 at STP. Identify which of following statement is correct
(a) Vapour density is 14.48
(b) Molecular weight is 28.96
(c) Vapour density is 0.001293 g/cm3
(d) Vapour density and molecular weight cannot be determined.
Solution : (a, b)
M. wt. = 0.001293 × 22400 = 28.96
M. wt. = d × Volume of 1 mole of gas at STP

28.96
V. D. =  14.48
2
So (a) and (b) are correct answer
Problem 6 : Cr2O72– is reduced to Cr3+ by Fe2+. Identify the incorrect statement from the following :
(a) 6 moles of Fe2+ are oxidised to Fe3+ ions.
(b) The solution becomes yellow
(c) The solution becomes green
(d) 3 moles of Fe2+ get oxidised to Fe3+
Solution : (a, c)
[Fe2+  Fe3+ + e–] × 6
6 e– + 14H+ + Cr2O72–  2 Cr3+ + 7H2O
6Fe2+ + 14 H+ + Cr2O72–  Fe3+ + 2Cr3+ + 7H2O
The balanced reaction shows that 1 mole of Cr2O72– can oxidise 6 moles of Fe2+ to Fe3+ so
(a) is correct.
(c) is correct as explained in (b)
Chemistry : Stoichiometry

(b) is wrong because solution becomes green.

(d) is not possible
Problem 7 : Which of the following has same mass
(a) 1.0 mole of O2 (b) 3 × 1023 molecules of SO2
(c) 0.5 moles of CO2 (d) 1g atom of sulphur
Solution : (a, b, d)
(a) 1.0 mol of O2 = 32 g
(b) 6 × 1023 molecules of SO2 = 64g, 3 × 1023 molecules of SO2 = 32 g
(c) 0.5 mole of CO2 = 0.5 × 44 = 22 g is not correct answer.
(d) 1 g ato of sulphur = 32 g
Problem 8 : 0.1 M HCl is used to react with 1g of mixture of Na2CO3 and NaHCO3 containing equimolar
amount of two. The volume of HCl used is
(a) 156.0 mL (b) 0.156 L
(c) 1.57 L (d) 15.7 L
Solution : (a, b)
If x of Na2CO3 is present then NaHCO3 is 1 – x.

x 1 x

106 84
84 x = 106 – 106 x

106
190 x  106  x   0.56 mole
190
2 × M1V1 + M2V2 = 0.1 M × V1
2 × 0.56 + 0.44 = 0.1 M × V1 [For Na2CO3 = 2 × M1 = N]
1.12 + 0.44 = 0.1 × V1

1.56
V1   0.156L  156 mL
0.1
Problem 9 : Which of the following statements are correct :
(a) 0.2 moles ofKMnO4 will oxidise one mole of ferrous ions to ferric ions in acidic medium
(b) 1.5 moles of KMnO4 will oxidise 1 mole of ferrous oxalate to ferric oxalate in acidic
medium
(c) 0.6 moles ofKMnO4 will oxidise 1 mole of ferrous oxalate to one mole of ferric ion and
carbon dioxide in acidic medium
(d) 1 mole of K2Cr2O7 will oxidise 2 moles of ferrous oxalate to ferric ions and carbon
dioxide in acidic medium
Solution : (a, c, d)
MnO4– + 5e– + 8 H+  Mn2+ + 4H2O
 1 mole of MnO4– accepts 5 mole of e–
1/5 mole of MnO4– accepts 1 mole of e–
 0.2 mole of MnO4– accepts 1 mole of e–
 Chemistry : Stoichiometry

 0.6 mole of MnO4– accepts 3 mole of e–

Fe2+ Fe3+ + e–
 1 mole of Fe2+ will liberate 1 mole of e–
Cr2O72– + 6e– + 14 H+ 2 Cr+3 + 7 H2O
 1 mole of Cr2O72– will accept 6 moles of e–
1 mole of FeC2O4 Fe3+ + 2 CO2 + 3e–
 1 mole of ferrous oxalate gives 3 moles of e–
 0.2 moles = 1/5 moles of KMnO4 oxidises 1 mole of Fe2+ ion. (Tallies with statement a)
0.6 moles of KMnO4 = 3/5 moles of KMnO4 will oxidise 1 mole of ferrous oxalate (Tallies
with statement c)
1 mole of K2Cr2O7 will oxidise 2 moles of ferrous oxalate. (Tallies with statement d)
Hence, (a), (c), (d) are correct while (b) is incorrect.
Problem 10 : 16 ml of hydride of nitrogen were exploded in a eudiometric tube and the volume after
explosion was 32 ml. To this, 14 ml of oxygen were added and the mixture again was exploded.
On cooling, the volume of the residual gases was found to be 10 mL.
(a) The volume of the mixture before second explosion is 50 mL
(b) The volume of the mixture before second explosion is 46 mL
(c) The residual gases measuring 10 mL is a mixture of N2 + unreacted oxygen
(d) The decrease in volume after second explosion is 36 mL
Solution : (b, c, d)
Volume of N2 + H2 after 1st explosion = 32 cc
Volume of O2 added = 14 cc
(b) Volume of N2 + H2 + O2 before 2nd explosion = 32 + 14 = 46 cc.
(c) Volume of N2 + unused O2 after 2nd explosion = 10 cc
(d) Decrease in volume after 2nd explosion = 36 cc
Now 2 H2 + O2 2H2O(l)
2 vol of H2 + 1 vol of O2 (negligible volume of water because it is liquid)
 (2 + 1) volume disappears when water is formed.
 Decrease in volume due to H2 = 24 cc
Decrease in volume due to O2 = 12 cc
But volume of N2 + H2 before Ist explosion 32
 Volume of H2 consumed = 24
 Volume of N2 left = 8 cc
8 cc of N2 and 24 cc of H2
 N2 : H2 is in ratio 1 : 3
 hydride must be NH3.
Chemistry : Stoichiometry

MISCELLANEOUS PROBLEMS
SECTION - IV
COMPREHENSION TYPE PROBLEMS

Write up – I
Chile salt peter a source of NaNO3 also contains NaIO3. The NaIO3 can be used as a source of iodine
produced in the following reactions :
IO3– + 3HSO3–  I– + 3H+ + 3SO42– ...(I)
IO3– + aI– + bH+  cH2O + dI2 ....(II)
One litre of chile salt peter solution containing 5.80g NaIO3, is treated with stoichiometric quantity of
NaHSO3. Now additional amount of same solution is added to the reaction mixture to bring about the
second reaction.

Problem 1 : How many grams of NaHSO3 are required in reaction (I) ?

(a) 17.56 g (b) 5.43 g
(c) 2.78 g (d) 9.14 g
Solution : (d)

5.8
Meq. of NaHSO3 = Meq of NaIO3 = N × V =  6  1000
198
I5+ + 6e–  I– [ For IO3–, n factor = 6]
 meq of NaHSO3 = 175.76

WNaHSO3
 1000  175.76
M/2

175.76  104
 WNaHSO3  = 9.14 g
2  1000
Problem 2 : What additional volume of chile salt peter must be added in reaction (II) to bring in complete
conversion of I– to I2?
(a) 20 ml (b) 15 ml
(c) 25 ml (d) 30 ml
Solution : (a)
Meq. of I– formed using n factor 6 = 175.76
In reaction II n factor of I– = 1
n factor for IO3– = 5
 Chemistry : Stoichiometry

175.76
Meq of I– formed using n-factor 1 =
6

175.76
Meq of NaIO3 used in reaction (II) =
6

5.8 175.76
 5 V 
198 6

VNaIO3  20 ml

Problem 3 : In reaction II, a, b, c and d respectively correspond to

(a) 5, 3, 6, 3 (b) 5, 6, 3, 3
(c) 3, 5, 3, 6 (d) 5, 6, 5, 5
Solution : IO3– + 5I– + 6H+  3H2O + 3I2

Write up – II
1.00 g of a mixture consisting of equal number of moles of carbonates of two alkali metals, required
44.4 ml of 0.5 N hydrochloric acid for complete reaction. If the atomic weight of one of the metals is
7.00.

Problem 4 : The number of moles of each metal carbonate are

(a) 0.1 (b) 0.0111
(c) 0.0055 (d) 0.00275
Solution : 1 mole of alkali metal carbonate would require 2 equivalents of HCl.
Hence, no. of equivalents of HCl required to neutralize metal carbonates = 0.0222
Since alkali metal carbonates are equimolar. Hence, no. of equivalents of HCl required to
neutralize each metal carbonates = 0.0222/2 = 0.0111.
Hence, no. of equivalents of each metal carbonates = 0.0111

 MWt 
 No. of moles of metal carbonates = 0.0055.  Eq. Wt. 
 2 

(c)
Problem 5 : The number of equivalents of HCl used is
(a) 0.222 (b) 2.22
(c) 22.22 (d) 0.0222

44.4
Solution : Number of equivalent of acid is equal to N × V(L) = 0.5  = 0.0222
1000
Hence, choice (d) is correct while (a), (b) and (c) are incorrect
(d)
Chemistry : Stoichiometry

Problem 6 : The total amount of the sulphate formed on a quantitative conversion of 1.00 g of a mixture
into sulphate is
(a) 110 g (b) 1.10 g
(c) 1.4 g (d) 0.110 g
Solution : Li2CO3 + H2SO4  Li2SO4 + H2CO3
1 mole of Li2CO3 gives 110 g of Li2SO4
0.0055 moles gives 0.583 g of Li2SO4
Na2CO3 + H2SO4  Na2SO4 + H2CO3
1 mole of Na2CO3 gives 142 g of Na2SO4
0.0055 moles gives 0.781 g of Na2SO4
Hence, amount of metal sulphate = 0.583 + 0.781 = 1.379 or 1.4 approx.
Hence, choice (c) is correct while (a), (b) and (d) are incorrect.
(c)

MATCHING TYPE PROBLEM

7. Column (I) Column (II)

(a) 1.2 g of Mg (p) Hence 10x of solute is dissolved in
1 ml solution
(b) Molarity of chlorine when chlorine gets (q) One ml of solution weighs 10x g
converted to chloride and chlorate is
(c) Density of solution is 10x g/ml (r) Reacts with 0.8 g of oxygen to form
2.0g of MgO.
(d) Strength of a solution is 10000x g in one litre (s) One sixth of normality
Sol. (a)  (r); 12 g of Mg reacts with 8g of O2 to form 20 g of MgO.
1.2 g of Mg reacts with 0.8 g of O2 to form 2.0 g of MgO.
(b) (s); Cl2  Cl– + ClO3–
Cl  Cl–
Oxidation state of Cl = 0 in Cl
Oxidation state of Cl in Cl– = – 1
 Change in oxidation number = 1
Cl ClO3– [ClO3– is chlorate ion]
Oxidation state of Cl in Cl = 0
Oxidation state of Cl in ClO3– = 5
 Change in oxidation number = 5
Hence when Cl2 Cl– + ClO3–
Net change in oxidation number is 6.
 Chemistry : Stoichiometry

1
 Equivalent weight of Cl2 = of its molecular weight
6
Hence Normality = 6 × Molarity
(c) (q); Density of solution refers to the mass of the solution which has volume equal to 1 ml.
(d) (p); Strength of solution refers to amount of solute in 1000 ml solution.
Thus if 10000x g of solute are present in 1000 ml
 10x g of solute are present in 1 ml solution.
(a) — (r) (b) — (s)
(c) — (q) (d) — (p)

ASSERTION-REASON TYPE PROBLEMS

The question given below consist of an ASSERTION and the REASON. Use the following key for the
appropriate answers
(a) If both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion
(b) If both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is not the correct explanation for
Assertion
(c) If Assertion is correct but Reason is not correct.
(d) If Assertion is incorrect but Reason is correct.
8. Assertion : F2 undergoes disproportionation reactions.
Reason : Fluorine shows both negative and positive oxidation states.
Solution : Fluorine shows only negative oxidation state of – 1.
Ans. (d)
9. Assertion : Blue colour of CuSO4 solution fades away when Zn rod is placed in it.
Reason : Cu2+ ion is reduced by Zn.
Solution : F2 does not undergo disproportionation reaction.
Ans. (a)
10.Assertion : Sulphur dioxide and chlorine are both bleaching agents.
Reason : Both are reducing agents.
Solution : Cl2 is an oxidising agent while SO2 is a reducing agent.
Ans. (c)