①Urz

2
Veronica Guadalupe Dmayuga Hdz.

①
FCERIA-Fc fragment of
IgEhigh affinity receptor I, alpha
polypeptide.

·
Important role in innate immunity since FCERIA codes for
immunoglobulin epsilon receptor 2 (IgErecepta), this
receptor
starts the allergic response, innitrating inflammation o
hypersensitivity responses to allergens.

↳ Receptor composed by one subunit, one B, and

two the
y. In reality, this gene codes for subunit
of receptor.
the

Nota:Omalizumab (anti-IgE) prevents the interactions between

the epsilon C3 domain of
IgE w/ this receptor

② 1233: Epithelial cell-derived 12-1-like cytokine ligand for the 12-1

receptor -
related protein ST2.

· Codes for a cytokine that binds to ILIRL1/ST2 receptor

that activates NF-kappa-B MAPKsignaling pathways in target
cells. Therefore, the
protein encodes is
it involved in the maturation
The
of cells and the activation of
mast cells, basophils, eosinophils
and NK.

·
Acts as a chemoattractant for the cells and may function as an

alarmin thatamplifies the immune response during tissue insider.

L Aircray epithelium produces this cytokine in response to damage

&) activates most cells, 112. The lymphocytes,

· Drives the production of the associated cytokines, such as 12-4,12-5

12 13.
-
③ ST2 (111R(1):11-1 receptor
-

like 1]

Protein encoded by this is member of the

171 receptor
gene
·
a

family.
·
studies suggest that this receptor is induced by pro inflammatory
stimuli, may be involved in helper cell function. Itis elevated
T

in human asthma.

·
Gytacine receptors have been identified in basophils.

·
Associated with
higher production of
the cytokines
1L 3
-

->

-> 12
-
13

④ IL 15

encodes for immunomodulatory produced by

cytokine
·
an

maining the cells.

-> Involved in B-cell maturation, differenciation

switching to produce IgE.

-> Up regulates (D231) MHC class I expression.

-> Promotes IgE isotypes switching ofBcells.

->
Down-regulates macrophage activity
-> inhibits the production proinflammatory
of cytokines
and chemokines,

* This
cytokine for pathogenesis of
is critical allenges induced
asthma,nevertheless it operates through mecanisms independentof
IgE and cosinophils.
-> Affects epitmeral cells, smooth muscles, fibroblasts

Promotes the
-
airway remodeling
cells
- Differenciation of goblet and mucus production in the

airway.
⑤ ILYRA

Encodes for the & chain of the 12-4 receptor, a transmembrane

protein that can bond to both 1L-441L-13.

Regulates:

3
->IgE production
Clumpkine In sites
->
production allergic
of inflammation.

-> Mocus production

The encoded protein can also bind to 12-4 to promote the

differenciation of
the cells.

A Allelic variations - Associated atoy -> Condition

with that manifests
as:

-Allergic rhinitis

-> sinus s

- Asthma

-> Eczema.

⑥ (D14 / TLR4

(B14
-

Encodes the components of

IPS (lipopolysaccaride) response pathway
-
Acts via MyDD88, TIRAP, TRAAG NF-kappa-B activation,
cytokine secretion

inflammatory response
#R
4

Important role in
pathogen recognition & actoration innate
of

immunity.

mediates production cytokines.

of

* Interaction microbial
with components can alter the risk of

allergic immune response.

⑦
CD14/TLR4-LPS interaction:

-
Recognition and clearance of IPS (bacterial endotoxin
ofmost
by activating a cascade immune
innate respence.

*
Polymorphisms that alter the brobgy of these receptors could
early orgins ofallergic disease through
be partofthe life
modifications the
of effect of microb. exposure on
developing immune system

-> studies show interactions in polymorphism of

microbial such as
Cply & measures of exposure

A living on a farm
↑ Consumption farm milk.
of
* Household endotoxm levels

and determining 192 levels,sensitization and

asthma.

AInhaled IPS-Interacts orsurface receptors CD14

TLRY and activates arwan macrophages, inducing
mutrophilic inflammation ofairways.

* Allergic asthmatics->IPs inhalation - expression of

CD1 b

↓ and 1914 in airway

more

the
sensitive
effect
exposure.
ofUPS
to
7 monocytes and macrophages

↑ levels ofpp 1L-1B

in
amway macrophages

⑧ TSIP -Thymic stromal lamproporation

Impacts mybod calls and induces of

T
cell-attracting
the release
chumokis from monocytes and enhances maturation ofCD1 c (A
dendritic cells. The protein it encodes promotes TH2 cell response.
can induce allergic inflammation by directly activating mast cells.

->
Tezepelumab -> blocking antibody to Tsup, which reduces the

response to allergens.
⑨ FIG -

Filaggrin
Associated
* with
integrity and function epither.
ofthe

lochs
* for a
flament-aggregating protein thatis a major component
ofthe protein-lipid cornified envelope in the epiders, importat
for water permeability, blocking microbs and allergens.
↳ immune
exposure.
*
Mutations -> Predispositions to atopic
dermatos and associated
asthma.

⑩ ADAM33:ApAm metalloproteinase domain 33

Encodes
* for a
protein type I transmembrane poten

->
Implicated in - Asthma

& Bronchial hyperresponsiveness.

*
Associated asthma susceptibility involved in
airway remodeling.
by fibroblasts and smooth muscle hyperactivity in response
to allergic inflammation.

·
cell stifness - I increased contraction ofanway smooth
muscle.

·Associated w/accelerated lung function cheme in patients

u/ asthma.