I. Put the verb in brackets into the Past Simple or the Present Perfect.

1. I … (lose) my documents. 2. He … (come) back home at last! 3. … you

… (read) the book yet? 4. The ship … (leave) the harbour two days ago. 5. When …
the vessel … (call) at the port of Odessa? 6. She … (go) to the bank. 7. … they …
(move) to London yet? 8. The Watch Officer … (alter) the course. 9. They … (take)
the pilot and … (proceed) to the harbour.10. The motorman … (break) his arm a few
minutes ago. 11. The fire team … (arrive). 12. In my last voyage a storm … (damage)
the cargo. 13. As soon as I … (see) that the deck … (be) on fire, I called the
bridge.14. The sailor … (break) his leg two weeks ago and it … (be) in a plaster cast
for a long time. 15. The helicopter … (arrive) at last!

II. Put the verb in brackets into the correct verb tense.

1. I … (see) a safety movie yesterday. 2. We … (be) here since this

morning. 3. The vessel … (run) aground if the Watch Mate doesn’t alter the course.
4. I … (be) busy with the contract tomorrow. 5. My friends … (travel) to Brazil last
week. They … (go) to stay there till December. 6. The weather … (improve). 7. He
… (like) windsurfing. 8. I often … (stay) in this hotel. 9. The ship … (be) in the outer
roads for three weeks. 10. The train to Berlin … (leave) at seven o’clock. 11. I …
(keep) watch between 12.00 and 16.00 yesterday. 12. He … (have) a rest after watch
in a few minutes.13. I … (wear) a helmet when I … (enter) the hold. 14. The vessel
… (sail) out on time if the weather isn’t bad. 15. He is ill. He … (catch) a cold.

The Present Perfect Passive

have/has+been +past participle

The text has been translated. The lifeboat has been launched.
I have been ordered to arrive at the bridge immediately. The bulkheads have been
painted.

III. Read, translate and compare the following sentences.

1. They have supplied the ship with fuel oil. – The ship has been supplied with
fuel oil.
2. The Port Control has just arrested the vessel. – The vessel has just been
arrested.
3. They have already discharged the holds. – The holds have already been
discharged.
4. The Watch Mate has just ordered me to alter the course immediately. – I have
just been ordered to alter the course immediately.
5. The pirates have just taken 3 crew members prisoner. – 3 crew members have
just been taken prisoner.
6. The tug has brought the ship into the dock. - The ship has been brought into
the dock.
7. I have signed the contract. I’m flying tonight. - The contract has been signed at
last! I’m flying to Singapore.

IV. Change Active into Passive.

Model:
My friends have invited me. – I have been invited.
He has just altered the course. – The course has just been altered.

1. The pirates have just hijacked the vessel. 2. They have already carried out the
job. 3. He hasn’t signed the contract yet. 4. Have they invited her to the party? 5. The
writer has just finished the novel. 6. The motormen have already repaired the
generator. 7. The seamen have chipped off the rust. 8. We have cleaned up the cabins.
9. The police have just arrested the man. 10. The storm has damaged the cars. 11.
Several men have robbed the bank. 12. Somebody has stolen my car.

V. Rewrite the sentences from Active into Passive.

Model: They are building a new ship. – A new ship is being built.
1. Somebody is recording our conversation. 2. They cancelled the game
yesterday. 3. They have opened a new hospital in the village. 4. He carries out the
repairs as per the plan. 5. They will launch a new bulk carrier next month. 6. The
Watch Officer has received an urgent message. 7. The pirates hijack merchant ships.
8. Somebody is using my computer. 9. The trees have blocked the road. 10 I am
washing the main deck.