i) Define standard normal probability distribution

ii) Poisson distribution is a good approximation of binomial when n greater than …..
and p is less than or equal to ….

iii) The parameters of the binomial distribution are …. and ……….

iv) Standard error of the mean ……….. as the sample size ………..
v) Properties of sampling distribution
vi) Define central limit theorem
vii) The …………………………. of a discrete random variable is a table, graph, formula,
or other device used to specify all possible values of a discrete random variable along
with their respective probabilities.

viii) Explain standard error of proportion

ix) When sampling is with replacement from a infinite population, the sampling
distribution of will have mean and variance……………and ……………….
x) A ……………… is a single numerical value used to estimate the
corresponding population parameter.
xi) A …………… may be defined simply as a statement about one or more
populations.
xii) The estimate is a single computed value, but the ………………… is the rule that tell us
how to compute this value, or estimate.
xiii) The ………….. is defined as the smallest value of α for which the null hypothesis can be
rejected.

xiv) General formula for test statistic …………………...

xv) Variance ratio for complete randomized design is ……………………..
xvi) Chi-square distribution is to test the null hypothesis that two criteria of classification,
when applied to the same set of entities, are independent. Name the test
…………………………
xvii) P( µ- σ < x < µ+ σ) = …………….
P( µ- 2σ< x < µ+ 2σ)= ………….
P( µ-3σ < x < µ+ 3σ) = ……………..

xviii) P( L ≤ m ≤ U ) = ……………..
 xix) Null and Alternate hypothesis
xx) General formula for test statistic …………………...
xxi) Differentiate between probability and non probability sampling
xxii) . Write the Assumptions of regression models…
xxiii) . Explain type1 and type 2 error
2.A physical therapist wished to estimate, with 99 percent confidence, the mean maximal strength
of a particular muscle in a certain group of individuals. He is willing to assume that strength
scores are approximately normally distributed with a variance of 144. A sample of 15 subjects
who participated in the experiment yielded a mean of 84.3. Calculate the confidence intervals.
(critical value :2.58)

3. A physician would like to know the mean fasting blood glucose value (milligrams per
100 ml) of patients seen in a diabetes clinic over the past 10 years. Determine the number of
records the physician should examine in order to obtain a 95 percent confidence interval for if
the desired width of the interval is 6 units and a pilot sample yields a variance of 60.(critical
value :1.96)
xxiv) Steps to follow when population standard deviation is unknown during sample size
determination..
xxv) Explain the level of significance and interpolation and extrapolation method of
regression analysis
.Steps of sampling process
Factors that determine sample size determination
Explain type1 and type 2 error
4.We wish to estimate the average number of heart beats per minute for a certain population.
The average number of heart beats per minute for a sample of 49 subjects was found to be 90.
Assume that these 49 patients constitute a random sample, and that the population is normally
distributed with a standard deviation of 10.(CRITICAL VALUE:1.96) Calculate confidence intervals
5.A survey is being planned to determine what proportion of families in a certain area are
medically indigent. It is believed that the proportion cannot be greater than .35. A 95
percent confidence interval is desired with What size sample of families should
be selected? .(CRITICAL VALUE:1.96)
ASSUMPTIONS of linear regression models
Explain the level of significance and interpolation and extrapolation method of regression
analysis

What is RANDOMIZED BLOCK trial? Explain with illustration.

 6.. Measurements of gastric secretion of hydrochloric acid (milliequivalents per hour) in
16 normal subjects and 10 subjects with duodenal ulcer yielded the following results:

Normal 6.3, 2.0, 2.3, 0.5, 1.9, 3.2, 4.1, 4.0, 6.2, 6.1,
subjects 3.5, 1.3, 1.7, 4.5, 6.3, 6.2
:

Ulcer
13.7, 20.6, 15.9, 28.4, 29.4, 18.4, 21.1, 3.0,
subjects
26.2, 13.0
:

Construct a 95 percent confidence interval for the ratio of the two population
variances. What
assumptions must be met for this procedure to be valid? .(CRITICAL VALUE:df
v1=9,v2=9:3.18)
Flowchart for use in deciding between z and t when making inferences
about population means.
7.

Chest 22.4 27.5 28.5 28.5 29.4 23.4 30.5 31.4

circumference
(cm)X

Birth weight 2 2.25 2.1 2.35 2.45 2.5 2.8 2.85

(kg) Y

Calculate the correlation, coefficient of determination and predicted equation..Check the significance
by t-test ?(CRITICAL VALUE:2.36)
8.To determine how symptom recognition and perception influence clinical presentation as a
function of race. They characterized symptoms and care-seeking behavior in African-American
patients with chest pain seen in the emergency department. One of the presenting vital signs was
systolic blood pressure. Among 157 African-American men, the mean systolic blood pressure was
146 mm Hg with a standard deviation of 27. We wish to know if, on the basis of these data, we may
conclude that the mean systolic blood pressure for a population of African-American men is greater
than 140. Alpha = .05 (critical value: 1.645)

Write notes of the following:

Ten step hypothesis testing procedure of paired t-test
Central limit theorem
 Define the following:

(a) Reliability (b) Precision (d) Estimator

coefficient (c) Standard (f) Margin of
error error

What is complete randomized trial? Explain with illustration.

9. The following table shows the arterial plasma epinephrine concentrations found in
10 laboratory animals during three types of anaesthesia (Critical value: degrees of
freedom 2,12- 3.89).Can you conclude from these data that three types of anaesthesia
on the average have different effects.

Anaesthesia 1 2 3 4 5

A .28 .50 0.68 0.31 0.27

B .20 .38 0.50 0.38 0.29

C 1.23 1.34 0.55 0.48 1.06

10.The activity values of a certain enzyme measured in normal gastric tissue of 35

patients with gastric carcinoma has a mean of 0.718 and a standard deviation of
0.511.We want to construct a 90 % confidence interval for the population mean
(critical value 1.645)

11.Author studied the effects of reminiscence therapy for older women with depression. She
studied 15 women 60 years or older residing for 3 months or longer in an assisted living long-
term care facility. For this study, depression was measured by the Geriatric Depression Scale
(GDS). Higher scores indicate more severe depression symptoms. The participants received
reminiscence therapy for long-term care, which uses family photographs, scrapbooks, and
personal memorabilia to stimulate memory and conversation among group members. Pre-
treatment and posttreatment depression scores are given in the following table. Can we conclude,
based on these data, that subjects who participate in reminiscence therapy experience, on
average, a decline in GDS depression scores? Let .(critical value:1.7613)
Pre–GDS: 12 10 16 2 12 18 11 16 16 10 14 21 9 19 20
Post–GDS: 11 10 11 3 9 13 8 14 16 10 12 22 9 16 18

xxvi) TEN STEP HYPOTHESIS TESTISNG PROCEDURE

xxvii) TESTS OF INDEPENDENCE USING CHI SQUARE TESTING PROCEDURE
xxviii) POWER OF THE TEST AND SAMPLE SIZE DETERMINATION
12.
 Calculation of chi square and then interpretation

13.Four subjects participated in an experiment to compare three methods. The response variable was
measured to reduce stress levels .can we conclude that these three methods differ in effectiveness?
Check the results at 95 percent .(critical value:4.26)

Treatment

Subject A B C

1 16 26 22

2 16 20 23

3 17 21 22

4 28 29 36

14.Sternal surgical site infection (SSI) after coronary artery bypass graft surgery is a
complication
that increases patient morbidity and costs for patients, payers, and the health care
system. Segal and Anderson (A-5) performed a study that examined two types of
preoperative skin preparation before performing open heart surgery. These two
preparations used aqueous iodine and insoluble iodine with the following results.

Comparison of aqueous and insoluble preps

Prep group Infected Non infected

Aqueous iodine 14 94

Insoluble iodine 4 97

Do these data provide sufficient evidence at the level to justify the conclusion that the
type of skin preparation and infection are related? ( critical value:5.991)
 . Define the following: a)power of the test b)assumptions of randomized block design c) one
tail test and two tail test d) level of significance e) properties of regression

Draw the flow chart in deciding whether reliability factor should be z or t distribution
Write all the steps of paired t-testing procedure
What is complete randomized design
What are factors on which type -2 error depends?
Steps of chi square distribution
Why parametric are more robust than non parametric?
What are the assumptions of two way ANOVA ?

15. One of the variables collected in the North Carolina Birth Registry is pounds
gained during pregnancy. According to data from the entire registry for 2001, the number of
pounds gained during pregnancy was approximately normally distributed with a mean of 30.23
pounds and a standard deviation of 13.84 pounds. Calculate the probability that a randomly
selected mother in North Carolina in 2001 gained:

(a) Less than 15 pounds during (b) More than 40

pregnancy pounds
(c) Between 14 and 40 pounds (d) Less than 10
(e) Between 10 and 20 pounds pounds

16.Punctuality of patients in keeping appointments is of interest to a research team. In a study of

patient flow through the offices of general practitioners, it was found that a sample of 35 patients
were 17.2 minutes late for appointments, on the average. Previous research had shown the standard
deviation to be about 8 minutes. The population distribution was felt to be nonnormal. What is the 90
percent confidence interval for the true mean amount of time late for appointments?
A hospital administrator wishes to know what proportion of discharged patients is unhappy with
the care received during hospitalization. How large a sample should be drawn if we let the confidence
coefficient is .95, and no other information is available? How large should the sample be if p is
approximated by .25?
17.Author determined gallbladder function before and after fundoplication—a surgery used to
stop stomach contents from flowing back into the esophagus (reflux)—in patients with
gastroesophageal reflux disease. The authors measured gallbladder functionality by calculating the
gallbladder ejection fraction (GBEF) before and after fundoplication. The goal of fundoplication is to
increase GBEF, which is measured as a percent. We wish to know if these data provide sufficient
evidence to allow us to conclude that fundoplication increases GBEF
functioning. Gallbladder Function in Patients with Presentations of Gastro esophageal Reflux Disease
Before and After Treatment
Preop (%) 22 63.3 96 9.2 3.1 50 33 69 64 18.8 0 34
Postop (%) 63.5 91.5 59 37.8 10.1 19.6 41 87.8 86 55 88 40
18.Respiratory rate was measured in eight experimental in eight animals under three levels of
exposure. Can we conclude on the basis of these data that three levels of exposure to carbon
monoxide have different effects? Check the results at 95 percent .

Animals 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Low 36 33 35 39 41 41 44 45

Moderat 43 38 41 34 28 44 30 31
e

High 45 39 33 39 33 26 39 29

Write notes
Chisquare test of goodness of fit
Chisquare test of INDEPENDENCE
Central limit theorem
A random sample of 15 student nurses was given a test to measure their level of authoritarianism
with the following results:
Student Authoritarianism Student Authoritarianism
Number Score Number Score
1 75
9 82
2 90
10 104
3 85
11 88
4 110
12 124
5 115
13 110
6 95
14 76
7 132
15 98
8 74
Test at the .05 level of significance, the null hypothesis that the median score for the
sampled population is 100. Determine the p value.

19.Each of a sample of 250 men drawn from a population of suspected joint disease
victims was asked which of three symptoms bother him most. The same question was asked of a
sample of 300 suspected women joint disease victims. The results were as follows:
Most Bothersome Symptom Men Women
 Morning stiffness 111 102
Nocturnal pain 59 73
Joint swelling 80 125
Total 250 300
Do these data provide sufficient evidence to indicate that the two populations are not
homogeneous with respect to major symptoms? Let What is the p value for this test?

20.a) Discuss the components of Time series analysis? This question is for mba students
b) Calculate the estimate number of ships loaded and predict it for year 2012?
Year 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Annual 98 105 116 119 135 156 177 208
number
of ships
loaded

1. Discuss the terms:

a) a) properties of good estimator b)operating curve c)one tail and two tail test d) Type 1 AND
Type 2 error

21.Two types of drugs were used on 5 and 7 patients for reducing their weight.
Drug A was imported and Drug B was indigenous .the decrease in weight after using the drugs for
six months was as follows:
Drug A 10 12 13 11 14
Drug B 8 9 12 14 15 10 9
Is there any significant difference in efficacy of two drugs? If not which drug should we buy?( for
v=10,t at 95 percent =2.228)
22.The following contingency table shows classification of 1000 workers. Use chi square to
ascertain whether the disciplinary action taken and promotional experience are associated.(given
v=1,chi square value at 95 %=3.84)
Disciplinary action Promotional Experience Total
Promoted Non promoted
Offenders 30 670 700
Non offenders 70 230 300
Total 100 900 1000

23.To test the significance of the variation of the retail prices of a commodity in three principle
cities, Bombay, Calcutta and Delhi, four shops were chosen at random in each city and prices
 observed in rupees were as follows: Do the data indicate that the prices in three cities are
significantly different...? (10) (Table value:v1=2,v2=9,FVALUE= 4.26)
Mumbai Calcutta Delhi
X1 X2 X3
16 14 4
8 10 10
12 10 8
14 6 8
Total 50 40 30

24.Parallel Breakfast Foods has data on the number of boxes of cereal it has sold in each
of the
last 7 years.
Year 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995
Boxes (× 10,000) 21.0 19.4 22.6 28.2 30.4 24.0 25.0
(a) Find the linear estimating equation that best describes these data.
(b) Calculate the percent of trend for these data.
(c) Calculate the relative cyclical residual for these data.
d)In which year does the biggest fluctuation trend occur?
The following data describe the marketing performance of a regional beer producer:
Sales by Quarter (× $100,000)
Year I II III IV
1991 19 24 38 25
1992 21 28 44 23
1993 23 31 41 23
1994 24 35 48 21
(a) Calculate the seasonal indices for these data. (Use a 4-quarter centered moving
average.)
(b) Deseasonalize these data using the indices from part (a)

Explain the terms base shifting, splicing and deflating with illustrations.

25.Construct a Fisher ideal index from the following data and show that it follows time
reversal and factor reversal test?

2021 2022
Items P0 Q0 P1 Q1
A 10 40 12 45
B 11 50 11 52
C 14 30 17 30
D 8 28 10 29
E 12 15 13 20
 26.The following are outpatient charges made to patients for a certain surgical procedure
by samples of hospitals located in three different areas of the country:
Area
I II III
$80.75 $58.63 $84.21
78.15 72.70 101.76
85.40 64.20 107.74
71.94 62.50 115.30
82.05 63.24 126.15
Can we conclude at the .05 level of significance that the three areas differ with respect to the
charges?

Learn all the assumptions of non parametric testing procedures ….

Red highlighted questions are for quantitative management and green for biostatistics
rest its same.