02.

CLJ1 – WEEK 13 – LESSON PROPER

The Fourth Pillar of the Criminal Justice System: Corrections

Corrections
It is the branch in charged with the responsibility of custody, supervision, and rehabilitation of the convicted
person. Its programs are for the reorientation and re-instruction of the individual with the purpose of
preventing a repetition of the unlawful activity without necessity of taking punitive actions.
Two Correctional Approaches in the Philippines

A. INSTITUTIONAL CORRECTIONS: Provide rehabilitation correctional programs that take place

inside the correctional institution or facility such as national penitentiaries or jails.

B. NON-INSTITUTIONAL CORRECTIONS: vide rehabilitation correctional programs that take

place within the community but not inside a penitentiary or jails. Another term for this is
Community-based Correction.
Government Agencies for Correctional Programs:
1. Bureau of Correction (BuCor)
2. Bureau of Jail Management and Penology (BJMP)
3. Board of Pardons and Parole (BPP)
4. Parole and Probation Administration (PPA)
5. Provincial and Sub-provincial Jails (Provincial Government)
6. Department of Social Welfare and Development

First Approach: INSTITUTIONAL CORRECTION

The defendants are held in jails under the Bureau of Jail Management and Penology until judgment
is rendered by the court, if bail is not available for them. If convicted, the person will remain in jail if the
sentenced is three (3) years of imprisonment or below. If the sentence is more than three (3) years, the
convicted person shall be transferred to the correctional facility under the control of Bureau of Correction for
the service of such sentence.

PROCEDURES OF ADMISSION IN CORRECTIONAL INSTITUTION

 02. CLJ1 – WEEK 13 – LESSON PROPER

1. Receiving
The new prisoner is received at the Reception and Diagnostic Center (RDC). The prisoner was transported
from the jail and was escorted by the platoon during his transfer to the national prison.

2. Checking of Commitment Papers

The receiving officer checks the commitment papers if they contain the signature of the judge or the
signature of the clerk of court, and the seal of the court.

3. Identification
The prisoner’s identity is established through the picture and fingerprint appearing in the commitment order
to ensure that the person being committed is the same as the person being named in the commitment
order.

Note: The commitment Order is a written order of the court or any competent authority consigning an
offender to a jail or prison for confinement.

4. Searching
This is the process of frisking the prisoner and searching his personal things. Weapons and other items
classified as contraband are confiscated and deposited to the property custodian.

5. Briefing and Orientation/Assignment of Quarters

The prisoner will be briefed and oriented on the rules and regulations of the institution before he will be
assigned to the RDC or quarantine unit.

Note: QUARANTINE UNIT is a unit of the prison or section of the RDC conducting physical examination
including blood test, x-rays, vaccinations and immunity to ensure that the prisons are not suffering from
any contagious disease, which might be transfer to the prison population.

Correctional treatment program

The classification committee should properly execute the Institution based treatment programs for
individualized treatment of prisoners such as general and academic program, vocational, recreational, work
program, religious services and the health and medical services. These programs aim to restore the
offenders’ self-respect as the goal of correction system is rehabilitation.

Bureau of Jail Management and Penology

The Bureau of Jail Management and Penology (BJMP) was created under Sec. 10 of R.A 6975 as
amended by RA 9263. The Department of Interior and Local Government works has the task for custody,
security and rehabilitation of convicted person with a penalty of three (3) years of imprisonment and below
and those pending investigation or trial. The BJMP has supervision and control over all city and municipal
jails EXCEPT Provincial Jails. The provincial jails shall be supervised and controlled by the provincial
government within its jurisdiction whose expenses shall be subsidized by the National Government.

Jails are institutions for the confinement of persons who are awaiting disposition of their criminal cases and
also for the service of those convicted and punished persons with shorter sentences.
 02. CLJ1 – WEEK 13 – LESSON PROPER

Types of Jails
1. Lock Up - A security facility for the temporary detention of persons held for investigation or awaiting
preliminary investigation
2. Ordinary Jails - house offenders both awaiting court action and those serving short sentences usually up
to three (3) years.
3. Workhouses - jail farm or camp houses minimum custody offenders serving short sentences with
constructive work programs. It provides full employment of prisoners, remedial services and constructive
leisure time activities.
Legal Grounds of detaining a person
1. Commission of crime
2. Violent insanity or any other ailment requiring compulsory confinement.
Categories for inmates:
1. Sentenced Prisoner - convicted with final judgment
2. Detention Prisoner - a person undergoing investigation/ trial or awaiting trial/ sentencing.

Correctional Institution in the Philippines

1. IWAHIG PENAL AND PRISON FARM
Figure 2- Iwahig Prison and Penal Farm
Source:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iwahig_Prison_and_Pen
al_Farm

Puerto Princesa City, Palawan, Philippines:

Iwahig Prison and Penal Farm is one of seven
operating units of the Bureau of Corrections
under the Department of Justice. Accordingly,
prisoners in Iwahig were divided into two groups:
the settlers and colonists. The settlers are those
engaged in farming for their own benefit; they are the ones whose applications for land to cultivate have
been approved.
2. DAVAO PRISON AND PENAL FARM
Figure 3- Davao Prison and Penal Farm
Source:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Davao_Prison_and
_Penal_Farm

The Davao Penal Colony is the first penal settlement founded and
organized under Filipino administration. After the liberation of the
Philippines, the colony-in-exile in Palawan returned to its old site in
Davao. Rebuilding and repair had to be done because the war had
almost completely destroyed the colony.
 02. CLJ1 – WEEK 13 – LESSON PROPER

3. SABLAYAN PRISON
Figure 4- SablayanAND
PrisonPENAL FARM
and Penal Farm
Source:
https://www.bucor.gov.ph/facilities/sppf.html

Nearer to Manila than other penal colonies, the

Sablayan Penal Colony is located in Occidental
Mindoro and relatively new. Sablayan prison is a
facility where prisoners from NBP are brought for
decongestion purposes. It follows the same colony
standards as other penal farms.

4. CORRECTIONAL INSTITUTE FOR WOMEN

Figure 5- Co

https://www

On February 14, 1931, the women prisoners were

transferred from the Old Bilibid Prison to the building
especially constructed for them.
Vocational activities were expanded to include poultry
and piggery as well as cultivation of crops, flowers and
fruits. Living quarters for the institution’s employees
were later constructed in the compound.

5. NEW BILIBID PRISON

Figure 6- New Bilibid Prison
Source:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Bilibid_Prison

The institution became the maximum-security

compound in the 70s and continues to be so. It houses
not only death convicts and inmates sentenced to life
term, but also those with numerous pending cases. The
NBP expanded with the construction of new security
facilities. These were the Medium Security Camp, which
 02. CLJ1 – WEEK 13 – LESSON PROPER

was used as a military stockade during martial law.

6. LEYTE REGIONAL PRISON

Figure 7- Leyte Regional Prison
Source: https://www.bucor.gov.ph/facilities/lrp.html

The Leyte Regional Prison, situated in Abuyog, Southern

Leyte, was established a year after the declaration of
martial law in 1972 by virtue of Presidential Decree No.
28. The LRP has an inmate capacity of 500. It follows
the same agricultural format as the main correctional
program in addition to some rehabilitation activities.

7. SAN RAMON PRISON AND PENAL FARM

Figure 8- San Ramon Prison and Penal Farm
Source: https://www.bucor.gov.ph/facilities/srppf.html

The Leyte Regional Prison, situated in Abuyog,

Southern Leyte, was established a year after the
declaration of martial law in 1972 by virtue of
Presidential Decree No. 28. The LRP has an inmate
capacity of 500. It follows the same agricultural format
as the main correctional program in addition to some
rehabilitation activities.