Chapter I

introduction

background

Malaria is one of the infectious diseases that is a public health problem that seriously affects infant
mortality rates and pain. According to a recent domestic health survey (SCRT, 2001) in Indonesia, there
are 15 million cases of malaria with 38,000 deaths each year. In 2005 the incidence of malaria revealed a
similar trend compared to 2004:0.51 per thousand people, while the clinical figure of malaria amounted
to 23.8 per thousand. The proportion of deaths from malaria according to a 2001 home health survey
was 2%. The number of endemic districts in Indonesia is 424 of the 576 existing, and an estimated 42.4
percent of the people at risk of contracting (sampri, 2007).

The world's increase in pain and death from malaria has been resolved between 2001-2010 and the
highest in 2000. The incidence of malaria and the death toll in 2000 have not changed for a decade
(1990-2000), where there have been 274 million more cases and 1.1 million deaths. The majority of
cases could be handled (52%) and lives could be saved (58%) were in 10 countries with the highest
malaria burden in 2000. An estimated 216 million cases of malaria and 655,000 deaths in 2010. 80% of
malarial deaths are estimated in just 14 countries and around 80% of the cases are estimated in 17
countries. Indonesia is 465.76