B.

TECH
CIVIL ENGINEERING 2019-23

EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION
ON PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF
SAND BY POND ASH AND
COARSE AGGREGATE BY STEEL
FIBRE

PROJECT STAGE-II
ABHINAV SINGH CHAHAR & MOHAMMED TAHIR
 ABHINAV SINGH CHAHAR
& MOHAMMED TAHIR

PRESENTATION
OVERVIEW
This paper presents an experimental study on the
technical properties of pond ash modified concrete
reinforced with individual steel fibers. Pond ash content
was changed to 0, 10, 20, and 30% by weight of sand.
Grooved steel fibers Fixed at 10% volume of coarse
aggregate.Compressive strength, cleavage strength and
bending strength increased with increasing curing time
for all fiber fractions and pond ash fractions. At constant
fiber content, compressive strength decreased with
increasing the amount of pond ash.There is a sudden
decrease in the compressive strength of concrete with
further increase in the amount of pond ash after 10% of
pond ash and steel fiber remains constant.
ABHINAV SINGH CHAHAR
& MOHAMMED TAHIR

INTRODUCTION

CONCRETE
Concrete is a composite material consisting of
fine and coarse aggregates bound together by
liquid cement (cement paste) which solidifies
(cures) over time. Concrete is the world’s second-
most-used substance, behind water, and is the
most commonly used construction material.
When aggregate is mixed with dry Portland
cement and water, the mix forms a liquid slurry,
which can easily be poured and formed into
shapes. The cement reacts with water in a
process called concrete hydration, which
solidifies in hours to create a solid matrix, binding
materials together to create a strong, stone-like
material with a variety of uses.
ABHINAV SINGH CHAHAR
& MOHAMMED TAHIR

INTRODUCTION

POND ASH
An ash pond, also called coal ash pond or surface
impoundment, is an engineering facility used in
coal-fired power plants to dispose of two types of
coal burning products: ash at the base level and
ash flying. The pond is used as a dump,
preventing ash from being released into the
atmosphere.
Although using the ash ponds, combined with air
pollution controls (such as moist scrubbers),
reduces airborne pollutants, the facility poses
significant health risks for the surrounding
environment. Ash ponds use gravity to settle out
the larger particles (measured as the total
suspended solids) of the plant’s effluent. This
technique does not treat the dissolved pollutants.
An ash pond is an engineered facility to dispose
of buried and flying cinders
ABHINAV SINGH CHAHAR
& MOHAMMED TAHIR

INTRODUCTION

SAND
Sand is a granular material composed of finely divided
mineral particles. Sand has various compositions but is
defined by its grain size. Sand grains are smaller than
gravel and coarser than silt. Sand can also refer to a
textural class of soil or soil type; i.e., a soil containing
more than 85 percent sand-sized particles by mass.[2]
For the fine aggregates, river sand was utilized for
preparing the concrete. As per the different parts of
IS: 2386, sieve analysis, water absorption and
specific gravity were determined.
As the fine aggregates consist of particles of different
sizes, their distribution should be analyzed to understand
their suitability in making concrete. Sieve analysis was
done for this analysis. The standard set of sieves used
was 80 mm, 40 mm, 20 mm, 10 mm, 4.75 mm, 2.36 mm,
1.18 mm, 600 microns, 300 microns, and 150 microns.
ABHINAV SINGH CHAHAR
& MOHAMMED TAHIR

INTRODUCTION

COARSE AGGREGATE
The aggregate which is retained over IS Sieve
4.75 mm is termed as coarse aggregate. The
normal maximum size is gradually 10-20 mm;
however particle sizes up to 40 mm or more
have been used in Self Compacting Concrete.
Gap graded aggregates are frequently better
than those continuously graded, which might
expensive grader internal friction and give
reduced flow. Locally available coarse
aggregate having the maximum size of 20 mm
and minimum size of 12.5 mm was used in this
work
ABHINAV SINGH CHAHAR
& MOHAMMED TAHIR

INTRODUCTION

STEEL FIBER
Steel fiber is a metal reinforcement. Steel
fiber for reinforcing concrete is defined
as short, discrete lengths of steel fibers
with an aspect ratio (ratio of length to
diameter) from about 20 to 100, with
different cross-sections, and that are
sufficiently small to be randomly
dispersed in an unhardened concrete
mixture using the usual mixing
procedures. A certain amount of steel
fiber in concrete can cause qualitative
changes in concrete’s physical property,
greatly increasing resistance to cracking,
impact, fatigue, and bending, tenacity,
durability, and other properties .
ABHINAV SINGH CHAHAR
& MOHAMMED TAHIR

MIX DESIGN OF
CONCRETE CEMENT
350KG/M3
USED IS CODE 10262:2009
AFTER COLLECTING ALL THE NECESSARY
MATERIAL REQUIRED FOR THE DESIGN OF
CONCRTE IN WHICH WE REPLACE THE FINE
AGGREGATE WITH POND ASH AND COARSE MIX DESIGN
CONCRETE
AGGREGATE WITH STEEL FIBER. W/C
TO PERFORM TEST WE NEED A PROPER 0.45
PROPORTION OF MATERIAL TO MIX AND
CREATE THE CONCRETE.THE AMOUNT OF
MATERIAL USED FOR CASTING THE CONCRETE FINE COARSE
WATER
IS MENTIONED IN THE FIGURE AGGREGATE AGGREGATE
147 kg/m3 1073.52 kg/m3
The Mix Ratio of M35 as obtained is 1 : 2.19 : 765.95 kg/m3
3.07 (Cement : Fine aggregate : Coarse
aggregate)
ABHINAV SINGH CHAHAR
& MOHAMMED TAHIR

WEIGHT ANALYSIS
PERCENTAGE OF REPLACEMENT OF SAND WITH POND ASH.

TOTAL WEIGHT OF SAND IS 765.95KG

ABHINAV SINGH CHAHAR

& MOHAMMED TAHIR

WEIGHT ANALYSIS
PERCENTAGE OF REPLACEMENT OF SAND WITH POND ASH.
 ABHINAV SINGH CHAHAR
& MOHAMMED TAHIR

WEIGHT ANALYSIS
PERCENTAGE OF REPLACEMENT OF COARSE AGGREGATE WITH
STEEL FIBER

TOTAL WEIGHT OF COARSE AGGREGATE IS 1073.52 KG

 ABHINAV SINGH CHAHAR

& MOHAMMED TAHIR

WEIGHT ANALYSIS
PERCENTAGE OF REPLACEMENT OF COARSE AGGREGATE WITH
STEEL FIBER
ABHINAV SINGH CHAHAR
& MOHAMMED TAHIR

TEST RESULTS
Compressive Strength=P/A
COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH

OF CONCRETE
Compressive strength of Concrete can be defined
as the ability of material or structure to carry the
loads on it without any crack or deflection.
material under compressive load tends to reduce
the size, while in tension, size elongates.The
compressive strength of concrete can be
calculated by dividing the load applied to the
concrete cube at the point of failure by the cross-
section area of the cube (15x15x15 cm) on which
the load was applied.A compressive strength test
of concrete is performed to check the
compressive strength of concrete. There are
various standard codes that recommend concrete
cylinder or concrete cube as the standard
specimen for the test.
 ABHINAV SINGH CHAHAR
& MOHAMMED TAHIR

TEST RESULTS

COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH WITH 10% OF POND ASH AND 10% STEEL FIBER
AVERAGE STRENGTH OF CUBE 1 AFTER 7 DAYS IS 23.41 N/MM2 AFTER 14 DAYS IT IS 29.95 N/MM2 AND
AFTER 28 DAYS ITS COMES WITH A SUDDEN INCREASE 38.86 N/MM2
COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH WITH 15% OF POND ASH AND 10% STEEL FIBER
AVERAGE STRENGTH OF CUBE 2 AFTER 7 DAYS IS 21.99N/MM2 AFTER 14 DAYS IT IS 28.61 N/MM2 AND AFTER 28 DAYS ITS
COMES WITH A SUDDEN INCREASE 37.86 N/MM2
COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH WITH 20% OF POND ASH AND 10% STEEL FIBER:
AVERAGE STRENGTH OF CUBE 2 AFTER 7 DAYS IS 21.23N/MM2 AFTER 14 DAYS IT IS 28 N/MM2 AND AFTER 28 DAYS ITS
COMES WITH A SUDDEN INCREASE 37.33 N/MM2
COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH WITH 30% OF POND ASH AND 10% STEEL FIBER
AVERAGE STRENGTH OF CUBE 2 AFTER 7 DAYS IS 20.63N/MM2 AFTER 14 DAYS IT IS 27.16 N/MM2 AND AFTER 28 DAYS ITS
COMES WITH A SUDDEN INCREASE 36.58 N/MM2
ABHINAV SINGH CHAHAR
& MOHAMMED TAHIR

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION

Graph Shows the variation of compressive strength with pond ash
content and steel fiber(10%) for a curing period of 7 days
 ABHINAV SINGH CHAHAR
& MOHAMMED TAHIR

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION

GRAPH SHOWS THE VARIATION OF COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH WITH
POND ASH CONTENT AND STEEL FIBER(10%) FOR A CURING PERIOD
OF 14 DAYS
 ABHINAV SINGH CHAHAR
& MOHAMMED TAHIR

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION

GRAPH SHOWS THE VARIATION OF COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH WITH

POND ASH CONTENT AND STEEL FIBER(10%) FOR A CURING PERIOD
OF 28 DAYS
 ABHINAV SINGH CHAHAR
& MOHAMMED TAHIR

CONCLUSION
A series of laboratory experiments was conducted to find compressive strength of fibre-
reinforced pond ash modified concrete. The effect of pond ash content, fibre content and
curing period was studied. The following are the conclusions that can be drawn from the
experimental investigation:
1.The Compressive Strength of Concrete Cube is Highest After replacing the sand with Pond
Ash(10%).The Compressive Strength of Cube increase with increase in the replacement of
sand with pond ash but after increasing the replacement from 10% the compressive strength
of concrete starts decreasing so the ideal condition for replacement is 10% of pond ash.
2. Hence, pond ash(10%) and Steel fiber (10%) is a waste material available abundantly can be
effectively utilized as a replacement of sand in concrete, in combination with steel fibres
(10%) to increase the long term strength of concrete.
 ABHINAV SINGH CHAHAR
& MOHAMMED TAHIR

THANKYOU
B.TECH IV YEAR VII SEMESTER
JAIPUR NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
R25360,R29868

JANUARY-2023
PROJECT STAGE-II