De nitions and Enumeration Chapter 1 + 2

. 1,2‫تعاريف و تعداد شابتر‬

A project is "a temporary endeavor undertaken to
create a unique product, service, or result"

Project management is "the application of

knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to project
activities

Stakeholders are the people involved m or a ected

by project activities,

A program is "a group of related projects

Ethics

a set of principles that guides decision making

based on persona] values

What Is a Systems Approach?

describe a holistic and analytical approach to

solving complex problems

Systems are sets of interacting components

A systems philosophy is an overall model for

thinking about things as systems.

Systems analysis is a problem-solving approach

A product life cycle is a process used to de ne,

create, and deliver products.

The outsourcing is an organization's acqu1s1tion

of goods and services from an outside source.

virtual team is a group of people who work

together despite time and space boundaries

Agile means being able to move quickly and easily,

Examples of IT projects include the following:

• A large network of healthcare providers updates

its information systems and procedures to reduce
hospital acquired diseases.

• A team of students creates a smartphone

application and sells it online.

• A company develops a driverless car.

• A college upgrades its technology infrastructure

these technologies include the following:

• Arti cial Intelligence (AI) Foundation

• Intelligent Things

• Cloud to the Edge

• Immersive Experience

following attributes help de ne a project further:

• A project has a unique purpose.

• A project is temporary.

• A project drives change and enables value

creation.

• A project is developed using progressive

elaboration.

• A project requires resources, often from various

areas.

• A project should have a primary customer or

sponsor.

• A project involves uncertainty.

Project Constraints:

di erent ways,

often by its

scope goals

time goals

cost goals.

shows the 10 knowledge areas of project

management.

1. Project scope management

2. Project schedule management

3. Project cost management

4. Project quality management

5. Project resource management

6. Project communications management

7. Project risk management

8. Project procurement management

9. Project stakeholder management

10. Project integration management

‫ نقاط هذه ممكن تجي تعداد او تعريف او مهمه كل وحده فيها‬10

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Some important tools and techniques based on

their purpose, as bellows:

Data gathering

Data analysis

Data representation

Decision making

Communication

Interpersonal and team skills

Ungrouped

🛑 ‫هنا ممكن تجي تعداد او تذكرين شي مميز في كل وحده‬
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addressing the three spheres of systems

management

business

organization

technology

The Four Frames of Organizations:

structural,

human resources

political

symbolic

🛑 🛑 ‫ ممكن تجي صلي‬page 51 ‫هنا ركزو برسمه اللي في‬

Two factors are important in deciding which life

cycle to use:

the degree of change in requirements.

the frequency of delivery of useful results.