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    Jade
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    The document provides an introduction to foundations for buildings. It defines a foundation as the lowest part of a building that transfers load from the structure to the ground. Foundations are classified as either shallow or deep based on their depth and width. Shallow foundations include square, rectangular, circular, combined, and continuous footings as well as mat or raft foundations. Choosing the right foundation type depends on soil conditions, construction limitations, the intended building, surrounding structures, time constraints, and costs. Soil testing is important to determine suitable foundation designs.

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    The document provides an introduction to foundations for buildings. It defines a foundation as the lowest part of a building that transfers load from the structure to the ground. Foundations are classified as either shallow or deep based on their depth and width. Shallow foundations include square, rectangular, circular, combined, and continuous footings as well as mat or raft foundations. Choosing the right foundation type depends on soil conditions, construction limitations, the intended building, surrounding structures, time constraints, and costs. Soil testing is important to determine suitable foundation designs.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    8 views12 pages

    Introduction

    Uploaded by

    Jade
    The document provides an introduction to foundations for buildings. It defines a foundation as the lowest part of a building that transfers load from the structure to the ground. Foundations are classified as either shallow or deep based on their depth and width. Shallow foundations include square, rectangular, circular, combined, and continuous footings as well as mat or raft foundations. Choosing the right foundation type depends on soil conditions, construction limitations, the intended building, surrounding structures, time constraints, and costs. Soil testing is important to determine suitable foundation designs.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 12

    Chapter I

    INTRODUCTION
    Foundation

    “Foundation is the lowest part of


    building. Foundation transfers
    load from the structure to the
    ground”

    2
    Type of Foundation

    Swallow foundation Deep Foundation


    ▫ If the depth/width < 5 ▫ If the length/width
    ▫ Economical (diameter) > 10
    ▫ Easy to construct ▫ Generally more
    expensive than
    ▫ Transfer load mostly
    swallow foundation
    by end bearing
    ▫ More complex to
    ▫ Procedure or
    construct
    implementation
    method quite simple ▫ Transfer load by end
    bearing and skin
    friction 3
    “

    Types of Shallow Foundation

    Square

    Rectangular

    Circular
    4
    “

    Types of Shallow Foundation

    Combined Footing

    Continous Footing

    Mat or Raft
    Foundation 5
    How to choose the “right” foundation

    What to
    do

    Soil Condition

    Check the condition of soil. Limits due to


    construction

    What do you want to build?


    The condition of
    surrounding area
    Is there any building?

    Time and cost

    How’s the time?


    How’s the cost?

    Stiff and strong


    Make sure that your foundation is
    strong enough.
    “
    Soil Condition

    Laboratory and field


    checks are needed

    8
    “
    Soil Condition

    9
    Laboratory and field
    checks are needed
    Limits due to construction

    Prepare all the data


    analysis
    The condition of surrounding
    are

    Prevent the
    large settlement
    “
    Study Case

    Please give your opinion about


    the picture above.
    Put your comment on this link
    bellowed 12

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