OBJECTIVE SOLVED

1. n identical cells, each of emf  and internal resistance r, are joined in series to form a closed circuit.
One cell (A) is joined with reversed polarity. The potential difference across each cell, except A, is
2 n 1
(a) (b) 
n n
n2 2n
(c)  (d) .
n n2
Ans. (a)
Solution: See the figure
(n  2) i
i 
nr A r B

VB  VA  ir  
(n  2)  n  2  2
 r   1   .
nr  n  n

2. An ammeter and a voltmeter are joined in series to a cell. Their readings are A and V respectively.
If a resistance is now joined in parallel with the voltmeter.
(a) both A and V will increase (b) both A and V will decrease
(c) A will decrease, V will increase (d) A will increase, V will decrease.
Ans. (d)
Solution: When a resistance is joined in parallel with the voltemeter,
the total resistance of the circuit decreases. Current will increase
and ammeter reading will increase. Potential difference across the V A
ammeter increases thus potential difference across voltmeter
decraeses.
3. An ideal cell is connected to a capacitor and a voltmeter in series. The reading V of the voltmeter
(added in parallel with resistor) is plotted against time. Which of the following best represents the
resulting curve?

V V
(a) (b)
t t

V V
(c) (d) .
t t
Ans. (b)
Solution: This is basically an RC circuit, charging from a cell. The resistance (R) of the voltmeter is the
resistance in the circuit. The voltage across R = circuit current  R = reading of the voltmeter (V).
Thus the nature of the V-t curve is the same as the nature of the I-t curve.
4. A capacitor of capacitance C has charge Q. It is connected to an identical capacitor through a
resistance. The heat produced in the resistance is
Q2 Q2
(a) (b)
2C 4C
Q2
(c) (d) dependent on the value of the resistance.
8C
Ans. (b)
Solution: As the capacitors are identical, they will finally have charge Q / 2 each.
Q2
Initial energy of the system  E i  .
2C
 (Q / 2) 2  Q 2
Final energy of the system  E f  2  2C   4C
 

Q2
Heat produced = loss in energy  E i  E f  .
4C

5. The charge on a capacitor decreases  times in time t, when it discharges through a circuit with a
time constant  .
(a) t   (b) t   ln 

 1
(c) t  (ln   1) (d) t   ln 1   .
 
Ans. (b)
Solution: Q  Q 0 e t /   Q 0 / 

t /  1 t
 e   or e t /    or  ln  .


9, 10 mA
6. A milliammeter of range 10 mA and resistance 9 is joined in a
circuit as shown. The metre gives full-scale deflection for current I
when A and B are used as its terminals, i.e., current entres at A and
leaves at B (C is left isolated). The value of I is 0.1 0.9
A B C
(a) 100 mA (b) 900 mA
(c) 1 A (d) 1.1 A.
Ans. (c)
Solution: i g  10mA  0.01A 9
ig 0.9
VA  VB  (I  i g )0.1  i g  9.9
0.1
or I  0.1  10i g
I (I-i g) I
10  0.01 A B
or I  1A .
0.1
7. The charge flowing through a resistance R varies with time t as Q = at – bt2. The total heat produced
in R by the time current ceases is
a 3R a 3R
(a) (b)
6b 3b
a 3R a 3R
(c) (b) .
2b b
Ans. (a)
Solution: Q  at  bt 2
dQ
i  a  2bt
dt
i =0 for t  t 0  a / 2b , i.e., current flow from t =0 to t  t 0 .
t0
2 a 3R
The heat produced   i R dt . Putting the value of i we get heat produced = .
0 6b

8. The effective resistance between points P and Q of the electri- 2R 2R

cal circuit shown in the figure is 2R
(a) 2 Rr/(R + r) P Q
r r
(b) 8R(R + r) / (3R + r)
2R
(c) 2r + 4R
(d) 5R/2 + 2r. 2R 2R
Ans. (a)
Solution: Let us connect P and Q through a battery as shown. About vertical line MN network is symmetric
with symmetric elements marked as (I, I) (II, II) and (III, III) current in symmetrical element is
same

I1 M I1
2R 2R
2R
I2 I2
P Q
 r O r
2R
I3 I3
2R N 2R

As no current goes to MO at M and NO at N the connection between M and O, N and O has no

significance thus effective network is

M
2R 2R

P Q
r O r

2R N 2R
 4R

2r 2Rr
=P Q  RPQ = .
Rr

4R

B1 B2
9. A 100W bulb B1 , and two 60 W bulbs B 2 and B3 , are connected
to a 250 V source, as shown in the figure. Now W1 , W2 and W3
B3
are the output powers of the bulbs B1 , B 2 and B3 respectively..
Then
(a) W1  W2  W3 (b) W1  W2  W3
250V
(c) W1  W2  W3 (d) W1  W2  W3 .
Ans. (d)
V2
Solution: P , P  Rated Power
R
P1  P2
 R 2  R1
B1 and B 2 in series current is same.
 W2  W1
P2  P3
 R2  R3 …(i)
But voltage across B 3 will be 250 V
while across B 2 less than 250 V
hence W2  W3 …(ii)
From (i) and (ii) W1  W2  W3

V R
10. In the given circuit, with steady current, the potential drop across
the capacitor must be C
V
(a) V (b) V/2
(c) V/3 (d) 2V/3. 2V 2R
Ans. (c)
Solution:
In steady state, no current will pass through the capacitor.
Moving along periphery of the circuit
2V  2iR  iR  V  0
 i  V / 3R
For the upper loop,
V  Vc  iR  V  0
 | VC | iR  V / 3 .
11. A wire of length L and 3 identical cells of negligible internal resistances are connected in series. Due
to the current, the temperature of the wire is raised by T in a time t. A number N of similar cells
is now connected in series with a wire of the same material and cross-section but of length 2L. the
temperature of the wire is raised by the same amount T in the same time t. The value of N is
(a) 4 (b) 3
(c) 8 (d) 9.
Ans. (b)
[(3) 2 /(L / A)] (LA)s T V2
Solution:  (using = msT )
[(N) 2 /(  2L / A)] (2L A)s T R
 = resistivity; s = specific heat capacity of material of the wire. A = area of cross section
9 1

2
N 2 2
N2  9
 N  3. R5
R1 R3
12. In the given circuit, it is observed that the current I is independent R6

of the value of the resistance R 6 . Then the resistance values must R2 R4

satisfy
1 1 1 1
(a) R 1 R 2 R 5  R 3 R 4 R 6 (b) R  R  R  R  R  R
5 6 1 2 3 4

(c) R 1 R 4  R 2 R 3 (d) R 1R 3  R 2 R 4  R 5 R 6 .
Ans. (c)
Solution: For the current to be independent of R 6 . the resistance R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 must form a
balanced Wheatstone Bride.

13. A parallel plate capacitor of capacitance C is connected to a battery and is charged to a potential
difference V. Another capacitor of capacitance 2C is similarly charged to potential difference 2V.
The charging battery is now disconnected and the capacitors are connected to each other in such a
way that the positive terminal of one is connected to the negative terminal of the other. The final
energy of the configuration is
3 2
(a) zero (b)  CV
2
 25  2 9 2
(c)  CV (d)  CV .
 6  2
Ans. (b)
Solution: + –Q1=C1V1=CV
+ –
+ –
Let initially charge on capacitors be Q1 and Q2 and final charge Q1 + –
–
+ –
+
+ –
and Q2 + –

Q1  Q2  Q2  Q1 …(i) + –

+ –
+ –
Finally the two capacitors will have the same potential (let V  ). + –
+ –
+ – Q 2=C 2V 2=
+ – (2C(2V)=4CV
+ –
 Q1 Q2
V   …(ii)
C1 C 2
Solving (i) and (ii) V  V
The electrostatic energy of the capacitors will be
1 3
E  (C1  C 2 )V2  CV 2 .
2 2

14. In the given circuit P  R , the reading of the galvanometer is same

with switch S open or closed. Then
(a) I R  I G (b) I P  I G
(c) I Q  I G (d) I Q  I R .
Ans. (a)
Solution: Since the closing of switch S does not affect the current in the galvanometer, the current
passing through G will be the same as that passing through the resistance R.
Hence, I R  I G .

3 2 2
15. In the circuit shown in figure, the current through
(a) the 8 left resistor is 0.50 A 
9V  
(b) the 8 right resistor is 0.25A
(c) the 4 resistance is 0.50 A 2 2 2
(d) the 4 resistor is 0.25A.
Ans. (a), (b), (d)
Solution: The net resistance of the circuit is 9 . The given circuit can be transformed into
2

  

2



  
   9V

2

The current flowing in the circuit

V 9
I  A  1. 0A
R 9
The flow of current in the circuit is as follows:
0.5A 0.25A 1A
0.5A 0.25A 3 0.25A
    
 
16. Capacitor C1 of capacitance 1 microfarad and capacitor C 2 of capacitance 2 microfarad are
separately charged fully by a common battery. The two capacitors are then separately allowed to
discharge through equal resistors at time t  0 .
(a) The current in each of the two discharging circuits is zero at t = 0
(b) The currents in the two discharging circuits at t = 0 are equal but not zero.
(c) The currents in the two discharging circuits at t = 0 are unequal
(d) Capacitor C1 loses 50% of its initial charge sooner than C 2 loses 50% of its initial charge.
Ans. (b) and (d)
Solution: Instantaneous charge on a capacitor,
q  q 0 e  t / RC
 CVe  t / RC
Instantaneous current i( t )  dq / dt

 1   t / RC V  t / RC
 CV e  e
 RC  R
At t = 0, i 0  V / R
Since V and R are the same for both capacitors, the initial current in the two is same and is non-zero.
During discharge: instantaneous charge
q( t )  q 0 e  t / RC
Let q   q 0 / 2 at t  t ,
q0
Then  q0 e  t / RC
2
t  RC ln 2
If 1 and  2 are the times in which the two capacitors lose 50% of their charge.
1 RC1 ln 2 C 1 1
Then   RC ln 2  C  2
2 2 2

 1   2 / 2 .

17. Three resistances R, 2R and 3R are connected in parallel to a battery. Then

(a) The potential drop across 3R is maximum
(b) The current through each resistance is same
(c) The heat developed in 3R is maximum
(d) The heat developed in R is maximum.
Ans. (d)
Solution: In parallel combination, potential drop across each resistance is same.
V2
Heat developed 
R
V2 V2
H1  H2 
R 2R
 V2
H3 
3R
P
 Heat developed in resistance R is maximum.
Q
3v, 1
j
18. A wire of resistance 10 is bent to form a circle. P and Q are the
points on the circumference of the circuit dividing it into a quadrant
and are connected to a 3V battery having internal resistance 1 as
shown in the figure. The currents in the two parts of the circle are
5 15 4 12
(a) A and A (B) A and A
26 26 25 25
3 9 6 18
(c) A and A (d) A and A.
25 25 23 23
Ans. (d)
1
Solution: Resistance of smaller section   10  2.5
4
3
Resistance of bigger section   10  7.5
4
The two resistances are in parallel. Resultant resistance
7.5  2.5 7.5  2.5
   1.875
7.5  2.5 10
3 3 24
i   A
1  1.875 2.875 23
4
 1.875
18
Current in smaller section  23  A
2. 5 23
24
 1.875
23 6
Current in bigger section   A.
7.5 23

19. A uniform wire has electric resistance R. The wire is cut into n equal parts. All wires are put parallel
to each other and joined at the ends. The resistance of the combination is
(a) R/n (b) R / n 2
(c) R (d) none of these.
Ans. (b)
l
Solution:  R 
A
 R l
R
Hence, resistance of each wire is
n
For the resistance of the combination,
 1 n n n
    ........ n times
R R R R
n
 n
R
R
R  .
n2

20. A wire of resistance R is stretched to double its length. Its new resistance is
(a) R (b) R/2
(c) 4R (d) R/4.
Ans. (c)
Solution: Volume of the wire will remain the same.
Let initially the length and radius be l1 and r1 respectively and after stretching the length and radius
be l 2 and r2 respectively. Then
r12 l1  r22 l 2
Given l 2  2l1
Then r12 l1  r22 ( 2l1 )

r12  2r22
11
R 
A1

l1
or R 
r12

l2 l
R     22
A2 r2

( 2l1 ) 4l1
or R   
 r2  r12
 1 
 2 
 
= 4R.