Made by: Shahd A.

Gaber

(Test 23-4)
An ecological study measured the reflection of light by different algae types and water

density of algae in it. As the density of algae in a water sample increases, the water

Table 1 lists the wavelength range of the visible spectrum and the wavelength ranges
of the colors of the visible spectrum.
Table 1
Color Wavelength (nm)
Violet 380?430
Blue 430?500
Green 500?565
Yellow 565?585
Orange 585?630
Red 630?750
Figure 1 shows the relative reflectance of light by pure samples of water and three types
of algae versus the wavelength of light from 350 nm to 750 nm.
Made by: Shahd A.Gaber

Figure 2 shows the relative reflectance light of a sample of lake water versus the
wavelength of light from 350 nm to 750 nm.

Figure 2
17. Based on Table 1 and Figure 1, which color of light is most reflected by blue-green
algae?
A. Violet
B. Yellow
C. Red
D. Green

18. Autotrophic organisms, such as blue-green algae, absorb wavelengths using the
molecule chlorophyll. Chlorophyll is typically associated with which of the following
chemical reactions?
F. Binary fission
G. Condensation
H. Photosynthesis
J. Respiration
Made by: Shahd A.Gaber

19. According to Figure 1, at which of the following wavelengths does the amount of
light reflected by green algae exceed the amount of light reflected by diatoms?
A. 400 nm
B. 520 nm
C. 670 nm
D. 710 nm

20. Green algae is classified in which kingdom of organisms?

F. Animalia
G. Plantae
H. Fungi
J. Protista

21. Based on Figures 1 and 2, what type of algae has the greatest density in the lake
water sample?
A. Blue-green algae
B. Diatoms
C. Green algae
D. No algae are in the water sample.

(Test 23-6)

Haloarchaea are single-celled microorganisms that can use light to generate energy,
through a unique form of photosynthesis. To compare haloarchaeal photosynthesis with
plant photosynthesis and bacterial fermentation, researchers performed two experiments
in which they exposed plant haloarchaeal and bacterial cells to either red or green light.
The researchers measured the growth of these cells by measuring how much acid and
CO2 were produced; more production of these indicated more growth.
Experiment 1
Water containing salt and sucrose was added to eight large test tubes.
Next, phenolphthalein (a pH indicator that is colorless in the presence of acid and has a
pink color in its absence) was added to each large test tube. A smaller test tube was
then added, inverted, into each large test tube to collect CO 2; if CO2 had been
produced, a gas bubble would appear in this smaller tube (see Figure 1).