) Diamond

-It is the hardest naturally known substance. This is because covalent bonds in
diamond are very strong.
-This is why it is used in drilling and cutting tools

2) Silicon Dioxide/Silicon (IV) oxide/ SiO2/ Sand

-It does not dissolve in water or any other solvent.

3) Graphite
-In graphite each carbon atom is bonded to other carbon atoms making three bonds
and they are arranged in hexagonal honeycomb-like structures.
-The honeycomb like structures are in the form of layers stacked on top of
eachother and these layers have weak intermolecular forces of attraction between
them.

• Properties of Graphite
1) Graphite is soft and can easily be broken. This is because the hexagonal layers
slide over eachother easily when stress is applied
2) Graphite is a good conductor of electricity because it contains free moving
electrons between hexagonal layers
3) Graphite has a very high melting point. This is because of very strong covalent
bonds between carbon atoms.