GLOBAL GOVERNANCE

 It is the way in which global affairs are managed.

 It is the sum of laws, norms, policies, and institutions that define, constitute,
and
mediate relations between citizens, societies, markets, and states in the international
system –the wielders and objects of the exercise of international public power.
 It brings together diverse actors to coordinate collective action at the level of
the
planet.
The goal of global governance:
 Is to provide global public goods, particularly peace and security, justice and
mediation systems for conflict, functioning markets and unified standards for trade
and industry.
 The leading institution in charge of global governance today is the United
Nations.
United Nations (UN)
 It is an international organization established on October 24, 1945 after World
War II in an attempt to maintain international peace and security and to achieve
cooperation among nations on economic, social, and humanitarian problems.
 US President Franklin D. Roosevelt was the driving force behind the creation
of the United Nations alongside British Prime Minister Winston Churchill and
Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin.
The Four Policemen of United Nations:
1. US – United States
2. UK – United Kingdom
3. USSR – Union of Soviet Socialist Republics or Soviet Union
4. China
UN Security Council:
 US, UK, USSR, China and France
What is United Nations?
 An international organization designed to make the enforcement of international
law, security, human rights, economic and social progress easier for countries
around the world.
Functions of UN are:
 Promote international cooperation
 Maintain peace and security throughout the world
 Develop friendly relations amongst nations
 Cooperate in solving international problems
 Promote respect for human rights
United Nations has six principal organs:
1. General Assembly
  Open deliberative forum.
Elect members of other organs.
Debate issues and make recommendations.
Approve budget and spending.
Suspend or revoke membership.
2. Security Council
 Maintain peace and security.
Investigate and mediate disputes.
Apply political and economic sanctions.
Take military action when necessary.
3. Economic and Social Council
 Promote higher standard living, economic and social progress.
Formulate policy.
Discuss and initiate studies concerning economic/social issues.
Call international summits.
4. Trusteeship Council
 Responsible for supervising the administration of Trust Territories placed under
the Trusteeship System.
Promote the advancement of the inhabitants of Trust Territories and their
progressive development towards self-government or independence.
5. The International Court of Justice
 Settle disputes of international law.
Nations submitting disputes agree to decisions.
Advise organs on legal questions.
6. The Secretariat
 Carry out daily operations.
Administer programs and policies.
Create press releases.
Various Agencies of UN:
WHO – World Health Organization
UNICEF – United Nations Children’s Fund
UNESCO – United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
ILO – International Labour Organization
Different Challenges in the World Politics in the 21 st Century:
 great power competition
 terrorism
 international cooperation
 human rights
 poverty and inequality
 environment