Contemporary Global

Governance
 THE UNITED NATIONS

The United Nations is an international organization founded in

1945.It is currently made up of 193 Member States. The mission
and work of the United Nations are guided by the purposes and
principles contained in its founding charter.
 PRIOR TO THE UNITED NATIONS
The League of Nations existed as the premier organization for
international cooperation. Established in 1919 under the Treaty of
Versailles, the League of Nations was established to ensure
international peace, security and cooperation between nations
following the First World War. At its height, the League of Nations had
58 members. In the 1930s, its success waned as the Axis Powers
(Germany, Italy, and Japan) gained influence, eventually leading to
the start of World War II in 1939.
 FOUNDING OF THE UNITED
NATIONS
The name “United Nations,” coined by United States President
Franklin D. Roosevelt, was first used in the “Declaration by United
Nations” of 1 January 1942, during the Second World War, when
representatives of 26 nations pledged their Governments to continue
fighting together against the Axis powers. The UN was founded
following the Second World War, in 1945 when the Nations were
drafted at the UN Conference on International Organization in San
Francisco, California.
UNITED NATIONS HAS SIX OFFICIAL
LANGUAGES
 Arabic
 Chinese
 English
 French
 Russian
 Spanish
 THE MAIN ORGANS OF THE UNITED

NATIONS
General Assembly
 Security Council
 Economic and Social Council
 Trusteeship Council
 International Court of Justice
 UN Secretariat (un.org)
 THE MAIN ORGANS OF THE UNITED
 General Assembly – is NATIONS
the main deliberative organ of the United
Nations: all Member States are represented equally. In the
Assembly, each nation, large or small, has one vote.
 Security Council – is responsible for maintaining peace and
security. Unlike the General Assembly, the Security Council does
not hold regular meetings.
 Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) – is the central body for
coordinating the economic and social work of the United Nations
and the UN System.
 THE MAIN ORGANS OF THE UNITED
 Trusteeship Council NATIONS
– was assigned to supervise the
administration of 11 Trust Territories—former colonies or
dependent territories.
 International court of Justice (ICJ) – is the UN’s main judicial
organ. The ICJ, or “World Court”, assumed its functions in 1946.
 UN Secretariat – carries out the day-to-day work of the
Organization. It is made up of an international staff working at UN
Headquarters in New York, as well as UN main offices in Geneva,
Nairobi, and Vienna. The Secretariat works with UN System offices
all over the world.
THE ROLE OF THE UNITED NATIONS
1. Maintain International Peace and Security
2. Protect Human Rights
3. Deliver Humanitarian Aid
4. Promote Sustainable Development
5. Uphold International Law
 GLOBAL GOVERNANCE AND THE
UNITED NATIONS
1. Knowledge Gaps – A phenomenon happens, more often than not,
there are little information on the origin, causes, the gravity of the
phenomenon and the solutions that may be applied. The United
Nation can provide a platform wherein such phenomenon may be
discussed, studied, and confronted so that new knowledge can be
placed in the limelight, improved, and later on disseminated
worldwide.
 GLOBAL GOVERNANCE AND THE
UNITED NATIONS
2. Normative Gaps – A norm can be defined statistically to mean the
pattern of behavior that is most common or usual that is a widely
prevalent pattern of behavior. Alternatively, it can be defined
ethically to mean a pattern of behavior that should be followed in
accordance with a given value system.
 GLOBAL GOVERNANCE AND THE
UNITED NATIONS
3. Policy Gaps – Weiss and Thakur (2010) defined policy as an
interlinked set of governing principles and goals and the agreed
programs of action to implement those principles and achieve those
goals.
Our policies are somewhat influenced by the international
organizations that we are part of. To put things in balance, the
policymakers at the UN are actually the world body’s principal
political organs, the Security Council and the General Assembly.
 GLOBAL GOVERNANCE AND THE
UNITED
4. Institutional Gaps –InternationalNATIONS
institutions are important because
their existence is to deal primarily on specific problems without any
lace of politics. Take for example the protection of children’s welfare.
This program is under the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF).
 GLOBAL GOVERNANCE AND THE
UNITED NATIONS
5. Compliance Gaps – The fifth and final gap is the compliance gap.
Compliance measures must include mechanism to identify
defections and defectors from agreed upon norms and commitments
in the realm of international governance as well as incentives that
reward cooperation and disincentives that punish defection,
including the use of force to bring those who have not complied back
into line.
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