bestbrains: LEARNING CENTERS RUS inieeaaleian oes a = i Concrete nouns are things you can see, = wu § ' hear, smell, taste or touch. These include 2 32 |, people, animals, places and objects. . 3 | 5 Crate eee og < — bstract nouns are ce you cannot see, hear, taste, smell or touch. They are events, ideas, qualities and states of mind. = xamples: Monday, peace, rage, honesty, freedom You can see and touch a monkey, but you cannot see or touch Monday. VocabularyUnderline the abstract noun(s) in each? |sentence. The love between a mother and child is or unbreakable. Many nations are fighting for their Jreecdan. The anger he was feeling was cured by ice cream. She gathered her courage and gave her speech flawlessly. - The police officer's bravery is admirable. Mika and Shiv's friendship is strong. The old man's wisdom helped me. Your musical brilliace shined on stage. | EJ1K1.2fc Circle the most important trait you want your friends to have. honesty bravery humor loyalty —“_ intelli kindness Is the characteristic you circled an abstract or a concrete noun? abstract LJ concrete Write your favorite color below. yea Is your favorite color an abstract or a concrete noun? s concrete Write your favorite animal below. Snake Is your favorite animal an abstract or concrete noun? Sax aed abstract a concrete ma abstract EJ1K1.3 4 5Wind ond é one st Abstract nouns are ideas, feelings, thoughts or concepts. Give two examples of abstract nouns. Seeg Lor 2 Wi An W\ a Circle the abstract noun in each row. 1 potato suitcase Seitemen) 2. soldier loyalty. onion Q nervousness ») shoulder library ff EJ1K1.4 fThe main idea is the overall topic of a text. It tells what the text is mostly about. The main idea is often stated or implied in either the first or last sentence of a paragraph —as the topic is introduced or summarized at the end. Sometimes you have to piece the story together to figure out the main idea. The main idea often answers the who, what, when, where, why and how of the text. * We use details from the text to support the main idea. EJ1K1.5 aBes Read the passage below. Then answer the questions that follow. Our location can be described in many ways. We're on the planet Earth, which orbits the sun once a year. The moon travels with the Earth's orbit. It circles the Earth about once a month. That's why the English word for "month" is taken from the word "moon." Although we might not notice, the ty Earth doesn't stay still and neither » does the sun. The heavenly bodies se ae dance to their own tempo. The sun, Ve our home star, along with all of the eight planets and many smaller bodies in the solar system, orbits around the center of our galaxy. A galaxy is a huge collection of stars and dust clouds. There are over a hundred billion other stars in our galaxy, the Milky Way. The sun moves very fast in its orbit, around 70,000 miles per hour. But there is such a long way to travel that it takes a long time to make a single orbit—about 200-250 million years. So the sun will not finish making a single orbit anytime soon! Once we've found out where in the universe we Eu1K1.6are, then we need to determine where the Milky Way galaxy is. Tagging along with the Milky Way as it moves are 54 other galaxies, known as the “local group.” Like the sun and the Milky | Way, the local group orbits a central spot, but scientists agree this “center” is only a concept and isn't regarded as truth quite yet. So where are we? Like so many other questions, the answer is “it depends.” Based on the context clues, what does the word tempo mean? a. music “Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage? . Dur solar system has many moving parts, which dictate where we are in the universe. b. The sun takes a long time to complete an orbit. c. We live in the Milky Way galaxy. EJ1K1.7 eerste teeeeeeceentsseeesseeesseeescsessccesSSSESSSSEESSEESSSSeesecEO Eon oa@ The sun travels very fast. Why does : it tak so long for it fo make a complete oy € bit? What is a galaxy? a. the planets of the solar system (ec collection of stars and dust clouds c. the English word for month ls there an exact answer to where we are in the universe?Below are your vocabulary words for the week. You will be tested on their definitions next week. Definition show or prove to be right tempo speed of music to involve deeply or to dip into a fluid justify immerse facilitate to make easier concern for ssion : Ce misfortunes of others think deeply and reflect carefully or to show to approve or endorse support diminish to make smaller Make sure to study! EJ1K1.9/ Sal “Level Name | p | bestorains’ Gre ae: = Bis two concrete nouns for each clue below. something you can see i itd something you can smell Loot something you can touch Sami 1/2ep something you can taste something you can hearWrite a sentence for each cond 'B abstract noun pair. doctor intelligence nae pe. Cohcerete nouns can be seen, heard, smelled, tasted or touched. — abstract nouns cannot be seen, heard, smelled, tasted or touched. B | i Concrete; Abstract Abstract; Concrete _ EJ1K2.2 as PEC —— = CEE EEE CE| JB Check if th Jerlined noun is a concrete noun or an abstract noun. Climbing that huge mountain takes a lot of @ bravery. L concrete of abstract The dove is a symbol of peace. [1 concrete ‘ tyra | did not like the taste of the sour lemon. 8 concrete (J abstract The pirate escaped with all of the treasure. concrete OO abstract We watched the sailboat float away from the @ dier. } concrete l respected the honesty my friend showed. u abstract LJ abstract (J concrete EJ1K2.4Read the passage below. Then an s questions that follow. WEr the a warm summer's day, when the sky is brilliant blue and the sun is shining? It can be fun if you have some time to watch the clouds form again and again overhead. Sometimes a big, storm-looking cloud can diminish into a wisp that looks like nothing at all—that is how changeable they are! Luke Howard, who lived in the 1800s, assigned clouds their names. He was trained as a pharmacist, or someone who dispenses medicine. He became interested in clouds as a boy. Like most other schoolkids, he spent a long time staring out his classroom window. He got curious about clouds, about the differences in how they were shaped: how slow or fast they changed and how they moved. Somehow, in addition to staring out the window he learned some Latin. He decided there were distinct types of cou and to make understanding easier, each one igh. should have its own name. For example, ae ikemm hair in Latin. Other clouds are big and fluffy like ; marshmallows. Howard named these cumulus or | “heap” clouds because they can look like they're piled up. Still other clouds look like a single layer, shapeless and gray. He called these stratus clouds, the Latin word meaning “layer.” But clouds don't remain the same for long. Howard decided that his naming strategy would have to cover the fact that one cloud can change shape. So he came up with compound words in Latin for the “in-between” shapes. For example, a high cirrus cloud that thickens into a stratus cloud can be called cirrostratus, or a blend between those two forms. Luke Howard's naming idea was eagerly endorsed by scientists. In addition, the famous German poet Johann Wolfgang von Goethe wrote a poem in praise of Howard and his scheme. “As clouds ascend, are folded, scatter, fall, let the world think of thee, who taught it all.” Cirrus Cumulus Stratus EJ1K2.6pair in Latin. Other clouds are big and fluffy like marshmallows. Howard named these cumulus or "heap" clouds because they can look like they're piled up. Still other clouds look like a single layer, shapeless and gray. He called these stratus clouds, the Latin word meaning “layer.” But clouds don't remain the same for long. Howard decided that his naming strategy would nave to cover the fact that one cloud can change shape. So he came up with compound words in Latin for the “in-between” shapes. For example, a high cirrus cloud that thickens into a stratus cloud can be called cirrostratus, or a blend between those two forms. Luke Howard's naming idea was eagerly endorsed by scientists. In addition, the famous German poet Johann Wolfgang von Goethe wrote a poem in praise of Howard and his scheme. “As clouds ascend, are folded, scatter, fall, let the world think of thee, who taught it all.” Stratus EJ1K2.6 CumulusUse thé passage to answer the fol questions. lOWing Based on the context clues, what does the = Ww diminish mean? Org a. become invisible b. make bigger Crake smaller ™ Based on the context clues, what does the Word endorsed mean? proved or supported b. marked wrong c. dismissed ~ Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage? uke Howard is responsible for naming different cloud types. b. Lying on your back watching the clouds is fun. c. Luke Howard's cloud names were eagerly accepted by scientists.On the top of each page in a dictionary, the first and last word that appear on the page are | listed. These are the guide words. Using alphabetical order will allow you to figure out which words will appear on that page. Below you will find dictionary guide words. Decide which vocabulary word would be found on that page of the dictionary and write it on the line. Word Bank sacthte compassion diminish \ reflect enddrse~ justify immerse \ tempo \ . Support — University Current — Dodge iin fa eee Extensive — Fault Eardrum — Except oe tal? Chde re Burrow — Conclude Janitor — Knight [ompass,"o ie Quarter — Sample Idol — Journe Eefiect : mers © EJ1K2.8 aa§ some abstract nouns are formed from verbs. _ ft For example, permission comes from permit and refusal comes from refuse. Turn the i folowing verbs into abstract nouns. . G) know kyo 4 © ‘ O behave b Chewson e| satisfy S24. ‘s og & fons G) communicate £2 > 4 ea GRC Label each noun as concrete or abstract. Then use the noun in a sentence. friendship —2— (Ge Ghar Friendship Jadts cx The ie li Sh vted on EJ1K3.2 SR“Circle the abstract noun that best completes each sentence, 1 To my ________.. everyone attiveg g time. i kindness brilliance delight 2 Martin Luther King Jr. embraced the idea of childhood by SUCCESS anger Connor has the science fair. ae culture (Confidence that he will win trouble 5 . Jayden made a to do his chores every day. loyalty beauty promise _) 6 Geoff's was that the rain would stop soon. ZS) ay misery sadness (belief /E 1 Giselle has great eee! for her teacher. 2. Exploring the cave in the dark took €our > on Ryan feels a lot of lovee his grandparents. 4. Corey takes rfidg in his work. 5. Marcia feels (eciousy over Leslie's new car. a 6 Ken is full of wisdom after studying for many years. ews 7. Patrick had a srong tersnatioto become a firefighter. ae i F eS 8. Her hunger is starting to give her aheadache. 9. The kids came fo an aréemenon what game to play. aaa EJ1K3.4Read the passage below. Then ans Ww questions that follow. €r the When we left school in the afternoon, we always found something fun to do. One of our favorite things to do was to play football. In our little English town, we called American soccer “football,” I's not like American football—we didn't wear shoulder pads or helmets, just shin guards to prevent bruises. Our way of playing was to set two sticks upright in the ground at each end of the field. Those made our goals. We sorted ourselves into two teams. One of us was the “goalie.” The goalie had the job of making sure the ball didn't go between the goal posts, because that meant the other team scored. The rest of us would try to get the ball away from the other team and run it up to the other team's goal. Then it was our job to kick it between the posts and score. Sometimes we got lucky and would score a goal. Sometimes the other team stole the ball away from us. Then we had to try to steal the ball back. ; Football (soccer) began a very long time ago—" the Middle Ages. Stories are told of legendary games in which two whole towns made up the teams. Sometimes the game began at sunrise and didn't end until it was too dark to see. Football EJ1K3-5evolved over time into the game we know now. The game has some easy rules. The goalie can pick up the ball and throw it away from the goal. The other-players can't let the ball touch their, hands. |fit does, that's a fouland-the-other team gets the ball. _We Can't hit or kick another player. That's a foul os well. Sometimes hits and kicks happen by accident so we have to be careful. If the ball goes out of bounds, the other team can throw it in. If you throw pretty far, you can get the ball really close to the other team's goal. Then it's easier to kick it in and score. Some players can get the ball moving by using a “header.” This means they let the ball bounce off the forehead. The best players could do a header and make the ball go wherever they wanted. The test of us just hoped it sailed off in the right direction, The team that scored the most goals before it got! dark was declared the winner. Sometimes we didn't agree who'd won, and we'd fight all the way home. We should really think about getting a referee to better facilitate the game! e> @» EJ1K3.6se the passage to answer the following text clues, what does the worg Based on the con facilitate mean? a. to hand out trophies b. fo cancel @ to make easier Which of the following best expresses the main, idea of the'passage? g. how to score a goal in soccer Gee soccer is played c. how to foul in soccer * How might a player get a foul? ie © [a is KS et Why do you think an entire town would play agains er ‘Own? Wah \bestbrains iF eee WO oe LEARNING CENTERS , rey Concrete vs. Abstract Nouns Al Some abstract nouns are formed from adjecti For example, kindness comes from kind. ee comes from honest. Turn the following adectne, into abstract nouns.Write a concrete Gnd abs! P da oe Acces with each letter bstract noun that ™ WE © Bwece body bf bey K kid kumarg 2 Al diciu ),at Se “ 1 4 2.9 e 1 \% Brainiac Tip! If you are figuring out if a noun is concrete, i { replace it with a person, place oF thing to i ! see if the sentence still makes sense. If itdoes, |} tai the noun is concrete. 'V Undérline the abstract nouns and Circl concrete nouns in the story. le the ve to sleep! Sometimes my cat Misty sleeps for hours. After she wakes up, she has G lot of energy. She loves to play with yarn or chase fights on the wall. Mish) just had three little S diter g. She shows her_affection— by keeping them clean and giving them foo 1Misty shares her wisdom with the kittensby demonstrating how to jump from high places ee i Batis how to curl 2 into a ball. My (rom >) says that cats have lots of intelligence. | love a ae Knowledge, truth and anger are examples of : abstract nouns. They cannot be felt by our : senses, Umbrella, sister and sun are concrete nouns. ‘ They can be felt by our senses.’ Read the passage below. Then answer the questions that follow. E TheVattled Tray " Long ago, legend tells us of two cities that starteg awar. The conflict was described by a Greek poet named Homer, in two books of poetry: The Iliad and The Oayssey. These books are still being read, over two thousand years after the events they portray. In the part that describes the battle of Troy, the Greeks who were attacking the city could not break down the city walls. The Trojans, or citizens of Troy, had the advantage. Their city walls gave them that advantage. Their enemies lacked options to try to take the town. The Greeks were losing many soldiers in the attempts they made and couldn't afford any more losses. They resorted to a trick. A huge wooden horse was built, big enough to hide Greek soldiers in its belly. All the soldiers who would fit inside were hidden there. The horse was set up in ha ares =i front of the city gates of Troy and left there. The rest of the army sailed away, making sure the Trojans saw them leaving. The Greeks counted on the | [rojans to become curious about such a big. i EJIKASTrojans justified their decision to take the wont in through the gates to.check it out. After allit was an unusual gift, the gods mustwant them to have it. You can imagine what happened next. The Trojans believed the Greeks had left town and the war was over. It had been a long war, so they were very happy it was over. They knew they had won! But they celebrated too soon. As soon as the Trojans had the horse inside, the secret door in the belly burst open and the soldiers swarmed out. They fought the surprised Trojans, along with the army that supposedly sailed away and won. These poems are long and deal with many, many incidents and many characters. But it's still our custom to call a clever trick “a Trojan horse” to this very day. i Use the passage to answer the following questions. r Based on the context clues, what does the word justified mean? @ to prove right b. fo understand c. f0 leave behind EJ1K4.6 EEO a@ Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage? a. Homer wrote The Iliad and The Odyssey. b. Greek soldiers hid in the Trojan Horse. The Greeks used the Trojan Horse to trick their enemies. How were the Greeks able to trick the 5 Trojans by using the wooden horse? The otek leat side thy hearse, The ee iss ade Suh the tiajahs Saw tyne wy - leave, WS Sap as the Bit Baan ie Maen iA) SUS) hor $y An extended response requires more than a one word answer. The answer needs to be written in a 5-sentence paragraph. This question is designed to test your ability to give supported teenersnote ANSWEFS With details. Ev1K4.7ea “Level Name. P bestbrains’ LEARNING CENTERS Ok vs. Abstract Nouns i Decree if the underlined word is a concrete or Pc BERS abstract noun. Write it on the line. @ The grass was soft and dewy under my feet. £oh ode @ My mom went to the doctor on Thursday. i lon crete i @ !f you are honest, you always tell the truth. Ny otree te @ We brainstormed ideas for the next newspaper i issue. Abe tract | @ There were six kittens in the litter. i (ehrete @ He wished her luck as she began her test. A\yst ract ' EJ1K5.1astract NOUN or adjective? Sort the (€ the correct category below, ie ayer be l | Sea pleasure ogy te loyalty ya \ pleasant delight truth wisdom delighted truthful Abstract Nouns de,’9 14 truth hg th vy 5 dh, Kp! M6 EJ1K5.4 0 ———————Ml Read the passage below. Then answer the questions that follow. Me ‘Pielsle! People have probably been making pickles since the first cucumber accidentally fell into the vinegar pot. You don't have to have compassion for the pickle because it made for a great snack! The first pickle evidence comes from 4,000 years ago in India! Later on, Amerigo Vespucci, the Italian explorer who lent his name to “America,” was a pickle salesman—he peddled his pickles to the ships that sailed the wide oceans. Once pickled, vegetables keep very well. This is why they were wanted on ships which made long voyages. Other vegetables would get soft or rot over a long trip, but not the stable, vinegar-soaked pickle. Vinegar is a great preservative, so the pickles’ firmness and fresh taste would not diminish even after months of storage. Almost any fruit or vegetable can be pickled. Cucumbers, rutabagas, olives, pears, peaches, onions, cauliflower and a host of others lend themselves to this delicious treatment. The core food is the vegetable itself. Let's say it's @ cucumber. During the pickling process, the food is immersed in vinegar. Depending on the type of EJIK55pickle that's desired, spices are added. The most common are dill and garlic. Also added at times are spices like'cinnamon, cloves, fennel, mint and nutmeg. For a pickle with more kick, hot spices such as black pepper, ginger and mustard are used. i Most recipes include a bit of salt. If a sweet pickle is wanted, sugar is also thrown into the mix. The taste’ of the pickle, whether it's a kosher pickle, a sweet gherkin, or even pickle relish, depends on the spices used. | Use the passage to answer the following questions, Based on the context clues, what does the word _gompassion mean? ne act of feeling sorry for something b, strong feelings c. extra space Based on the context clues, what does the word Immersed mean? a. sliced 6. cleaned Q dipped or dunked EJ1K5.6@\s the following statement a good main idea for the passage? Why. or why not? During the pickling process, the food is immersed What does vinegar do? € Breserves vegetables b. hides spoiled flavors c. makes vegetables sweet Describe in a few sentences the purpose of pickling vegetables.PAn abstract noun can name an emotion" characteristic or an action. Sort the words below into each of these categories. intharity movelnent growth honesty anger love commotion loyalty comiynication Pateas Characteristic Action compassion happiness kindness laughter alana nats gtowty | ove } i (Praia, ww ay Tov ement p24 (6@w™ ot Use a word from above in a sentence. &n Ger t ‘94 Ww bh Zhe ty Ev1K6.34 ~ j jassage below Then Onswer the questions that follow. Football, soccer, rugby—these are rough games where players are known to bang their heads at times. Sometimes they run into another player. Sometimes they hit the ground or even a goal post. When this happens, the player often describes the sensation as: "I got my bell rung.” It's an unpleasant sensation. It makes a player feel unsteady on his or her feet sometimes, or the | player might even throw up. Most people who've had this happen can remember the incident pretty well. In the medical world, this condition is known as a concussion. Concussions don't happen every time we take a knock to the head—but with a hard enough blow, the brain gets jostled inside its protectiveg @ bony case. The bones of the head are known as the skull or cranium. % Those bones are rigid, some of the only bones in the body whose joints can't move. Because of this protective stiffness, if the brain slams around, it soon hits a bone that won't yield. New examinations reflect updated methods fo find out whether a player might have a concussor EIK6:coaches or medical experts can walk the ayer through an easy series of examinations | called the Standardized Assessment of Concussion. ne signs deal with: Orientation (does the player gnow the month, date, day of week; year, time); immediate memory (can the player recall five words in three separate trials); Loss of consciousness; Amnesia (does the player remember events pre- and post-injury); Sensation (does the player feel things correctly); Coordination; Strength; Concentration: Exertional maneuvers (can the player do jumping jacks or sit-ups); and Delayed Recall (can the player remember five words after a short wait). If the player shows any of these symptoms of concussion, he or she.shouldn't play anymore during the game. If they try, and a second blow to the head happens, it can end in a very serious situation. It's recommended that the player be taken to the emergency room. o eee. ETO of Fis: the passage to answer the fo lowing questions Based on the context clues, what does the word reflect mean? a. understand b. decide Eu1K6.6 eit@ What is the main id&a of the passage? \ y ty i ath ag f (th C 255i oh axl Ver, Cov 1945, In your own words, define a concussion. A Cunenrss 0 i$ Which of the following is not part of The Standardized Assessment of Concussion? ( ‘a Broken Bones ; b, Amnesia A V ce. Coordination| @aicle the correctly spelled plural noun in each row. halves halfs halfes knifes knives knivs leaves leafs leafes selfes selfs selves womens women womans hoofes hooves hoofs childs children childes elves elfs elfies Writing Prompt Write a S-paragraph essay based on the main idea of how the planets in the solar system are different from each other. EJ1K7.6lack discrepancy tangible evolve legendary indicator maneuver camouflage is to hide or disguise 2 to develop gradually 3 well-known or famous 4. real; can be touched 5s to fall short or be without 6. movement Be a pointing or directing device 8. state of disagreeing