Time:Approximately 55 minutes (50 questions) Now set your clock for

55 minutes
DIRECTIONS
In this section you will read several passages. Each one is followed by several questions about it, For this
section, you are to choose the one best answer, (A), (B), (C), or (0), to each question. Then, on your answer
sheet, find the number of the question and fill in the space that corresponds to the Letter of the answer you
have chosen.

Now begin work on the questions. Questions 1-10

As Philadelphia grew from a small town into a city in the first half of the eighteenth century, it became
an increasingly important marketing center for a vast and growing agricultural hinterland. Market days
Line saw the crowded city even more crowded, as fanners from within a radius of 24 or more kilometers
(5) brought their sheep, cows, pigs, vegetables, cider, and other products for direct sale to the townspeople.
The High Street Market was continuously enlarged throughout the period until 1736, when it reached
from Front Street to Third. By 1745 New Market was opened on Second Street between Pine and Cedar.
The next year the Callowhill Market began operation. Along with market days, the institution of twice-
(10) yearly fairs persisted in Philadelphia even after similar trading days had been discontinued in other
colonial cities. The fairs provided a means of bringing handmade goods from outlying places to would-
be buyers in the city. Linens and stockings from Germantown, for example, were popular items.
Auctions were another popular form of occasional trade. Because of the competition, retail merchants
opposed these as well as the fairs. Although governmental attempts to eradicate fairs and auctions were
less than successful, the ordinary course of economic development was on the merchants’ side, as
(15) increasing business specialization became the order of the day. Export merchants became differentiated
from their importing counterparts, and specialty shops began to appear in addition to general stores
selling a variety of goods.
One of the reasons Philadelphia’s merchants generally prospered was because the surrounding area was
undergoing tremendous economic and demographic growth. They did their business, after all, in the
(20) capital city of the province. Not only did they cater to the governor and his circle, but citizens from all
over the colony came to the capital for legislative sessions of the assembly and council and the meetings
of the courts of justice.
1. What does the passage mainly discuss? (A) on the same day as market says
(A) Philadelphia’s agriculture importance (B) as often as possible
(B) Philadelphia’s development as a (C) a couple of times a year?
marketing center ? (D) whenever the government allowed it
(C) The sale of imported goods
in Philadelphia 7. It can be inferred that the author mentions
(D) The administration of the city of “Linens and stockings” in line 12 to show that
Philadelphia they were items that
(A) retail merchants were not willing to sell
2. It can be inferred from the passage that new
(B) were not available in the stores in
markets opened in Philadelphia because
Philadelphia?
(A) they provided more modem facilities (C) were more popular in Germantown man in
than older markets Philadelphia
(B) the High Street Market was forced to (D) could easily be transported
close
(C) existing markets were unable to serve the 8. The word “eradicate” in line 16 is closest in
growing population? meaning to
(D) farmers wanted markets that were (A) Eliminate?
closer to the farms. (B) exploit
(C) organize
3. The word “hinterland “ in line 3 is closest in
(D) operate
meaning to
(A) tradition 9. What does the author mean by stating in line
(B) association 17 that “economic development was on the
(C) produce merchants’ side”?
(D) region? (A) Merchants had a strong impact on
economic expansion.
4. The word “it” in line 6 refers to
(B) Economic forces allowed merchants to
(A) the crowded city prosper.?
(B) a radius (C) Merchants had to work together to achieve
(C) the High Street Market? economic independence
(D) the period (D) Specialty shops near large markets were
more likely to be economically successful.
5. The word “persisted” in line 9 is closest in
meaning to 10. The word “undergoing” in line 22 is closest in
(A) returned meaning to

(B) started (A) requesting

(C) declined (B) experiencing?
(D) continued? (C) repeating
(D) including
6. According to the passage, fairs
in Philadelphia were held
 . Ketika Philadelphia tumbuh dari sebuah kota kecil menjadi sebuah kota pada paruh pertama abad
ke-18, kota itu menjadi pusat pemasaran yang semakin penting bagi daerah pedalaman pertanian yang luas
dan berkembang. Hari-hari pasar membuat kota yang padat semakin ramai, karena para peternak dari
dalam radius 24 kilometer atau lebih membawa domba, sapi, babi, sayuran, sari apel, dan produk lainnya
untuk dijual langsung ke penduduk kota. Pasar High Street terus diperbesar sepanjang periode hingga
1736, ketika mencapai dari Front Street ke Third. Pada 1745 Pasar Baru dibuka di Second Street antara
Pine dan Cedar. Tahun berikutnya Pasar Callowhill mulai beroperasi. Seiring dengan hari pasar, institusi
pameran dua kali setahun bertahan di Philadelphia bahkan setelah hari perdagangan serupa dihentikan di
kota-kota kolonial lainnya. Pameran menyediakan sarana untuk membawa barang-barang buatan tangan
dari tempat-tempat terpencil ke calon pembeli di kota. Seprai dan stoking dari Germantown, misalnya,
merupakan barang yang populer.
Lelang adalah bentuk perdagangan sesekali yang populer. Karena persaingan, pedagang eceran
menentang ini dan juga pameran. Meskipun upaya pemerintah untuk memberantas pekan raya dan lelang
kurang berhasil, arah perkembangan ekonomi yang biasa ada di pihak pedagang, karena spesialisasi bisnis
yang semakin meningkat menjadi urutan hari ini. Pedagang ekspor dibedakan dari pedagang impor, dan
toko khusus mulai bermunculan selain toko umum yang menjual berbagai barang.
Salah satu alasan pedagang Philadelphia pada umumnya makmur adalah karena daerah sekitarnya
mengalami pertumbuhan ekonomi dan demografis yang luar biasa. Bagaimanapun, mereka melakukan
bisnis mereka di ibu kota provinsi. Mereka tidak hanya melayani gubernur dan lingkarannya, tetapi warga
dari seluruh koloni datang ke ibu kota untuk sesi legislatif majelis dan dewan serta pertemuan pengadilan

As Philadelphia grew from a small town into a city in the first half of the eighteenth century, it became an increasingly important marketing center
for a vast and growing agricultural hinterland. Market days saw the crowded city even more crowded, as fanners from within a radius of 24 or more
kilometers brought their sheep, cows, pigs, vegetables, cider, and other products for direct sale to the townspeople. The High Street Market was
continuously enlarged throughout the period until 1736, when it reached from Front Street to Third. By 1745 New Market was opened on Second Street
between Pine and Cedar. The next year the Callowhill Market began operation. Along with market days, the institution of twice- yearly fairs persisted in
Philadelphia even after similar trading days had been discontinued in other colonial cities. The fairs provided a means of bringing handmade goods from
outlying places to would-be buyers in the city. Linens and stockings from Germantown, for example, were popular items.
Auctions were another popular form of occasional trade. Because of the competition, retail merchants opposed these as well as the fairs. Although
governmental attempts to eradicate fairs and auctions were less than successful, the ordinary course of economic development was on the merchants’ side,
as increasing business specialization became the order of the day. Export merchants became differentiated from their importing counterparts, and
specialty shops began to appear in addition to general stores selling a variety of goods.
One of the reasons Philadelphia’s merchants generally prospered was because the surrounding area was undergoing tremendous economic and
demographic growth. They did their business, after all, in the capital city of the province. Not only did they cater to the governor and his circle, but
citizens from all over the colony came to the capital for legislative sessions of the assembly and council and the meetings of the courts of justice.