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Q7) Piaget’s cognitive theory of development: children’s thought progresses

through four stages of development.


•Sensorimotor stage: young children use their senses to make discoveries.0-2yrs.
•Preoperational stage: children begin to use words and symbols to distinguish
objects and ideas.2-7yrs.
•Concrete operational stage: children engage in more logical thinking.7-12yrs.
•Formal operational stage: adolescents become capable of sophisticated abstract
thought and can deal logically with ideas and values.12yrs.

Q9) social groups and interactions


Primary group: a small group characterized by intimate, face-to-face association
and cooperation.
•Examples include family, street gangs, and fraternities and sororities.
•Pivotal role in socialization and development of roles and statuses.
•Secondary group: a formal, impersonal group in which there is little social
intimacy or mutual understanding.
•Examples include workplace groups and larger social clubs.

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