Chapter - 4 - 2010-2015 (May 2013 Missing) 2

1.
The graph shows how the velocity v of an object undergoing simple harmonic motion varies
with time t for one complete period of oscillation.
Which of the following sketch graphs best shows how the total energy E of the object varies
with t?
(Total 1 mark)
2. A force that varies sinusoidally is applied to a system that is lightly damped. Which of the
following must be true of the force for resonance to occur?
A. It must always be in anti-phase with the oscillations of the system.
B. Its direction must always be in the direction of motion of the oscillations of the system.
C. Its frequency must be equal to the frequency of oscillation of the system.
D. Its amplitude must be equal to the amplitude of oscillation of the system.

(Total 1 mark)
3. Which of the following is a value of wavelength that is found in the visible region of the
electromagnetic spectrum?
A. 4 × 10–5 m
B. 4 × 10–7 m
C. 4 × 10–9 m
D. 4 × 10–11 m
(Total 1 mark)
4. Two waves meet at a point in space. Which of the following properties always add together?
A. Displacement
B. Amplitude
C. Speed
D. Frequency
(Total 1 mark)
5. The shock absorbers of a car, in good working condition, ensure that the vertical oscillations of
the car are
A. undamped.
B. lightly damped.
C. moderately damped.
D. critically damped.
(Total 1 mark)
6. The graphs show how the acceleration a of four different particles varies with their
displacement x.
Which of the particles is executing simple harmonic motion?
(Total 1 mark)
7. The diagram below is a snapshot of wave fronts of circular waves emitted by a point source S at
the surface of water. The source vibrates at a frequency f = 10.0 Hz.
The speed of the wave front is
A. 0.15 cm s–1.
B. 1.5 cm s–1.
C. 15 cm s–1.
D. 30 cm s–1.
(Total 1 mark)
8. Two coherent point sources S1 and S2 emit spherical waves.
Which of the following best describes the intensity of the waves at P and Q?
P Q
A. maximum minimum
B. minimum maximum
C. maximum maximum
D. minimum minimum
(Total 1 mark)
9. An object at the end of a spring oscillates vertically with simple harmonic motion. The graph
shows the variation with time t of the displacement x. The amplitude is x0 and the period of
oscillation is T.
Which of the following is the correct expression for the displacement x?
2
A.  x 0 cos t
T
2
B. x 0 cos t
T
2
C.  x 0 sin t
T
2
D. x 0 sin t
T
(Total 1 mark)
10. An object at the end of a spring oscillates vertically with simple harmonic motion. The graph
shows the variation with time t of the displacement x. The amplitude is x0 and the period of
oscillation is T.
Which of the following is the correct expression for the maximum acceleration of the object?
2
A. x0
T
2
B. x0
T2
4 2
C. x0
T2
4 2
D. x0
T
(Total 1 mark)
11. One end of a horizontal string is fixed to a wall. A transverse pulse moves along the string as
shown.
Which of the following statements are correct for the reflected pulse compared to the forward
pulse?
I. It moves more slowly.
II. It has less energy.
III. It is inverted.
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III
(Total 1 mark)
12. Monochromatic light travels from air into water. Which of the following describes the changes
in wavelength and speed?
Wavelength Speed
A. increases decreases
B. increases increases
C. decreases increases
D. decreases decreases
(Total 1 mark)
1. C
[1]
2. C
[1]
3. B
[1]
4. A
[1]
5. D
[1]
6. B
[1]
7. C
[1]
8. A
[1]
9. A
[1]
10. C
[1]
11. C
[1]
12. D
[1]
1. This question is about water wave motion.
A small sphere, mounted at the end of a vertical rod, dips below the surface of shallow water in
a tray. The sphere is driven vertically up and down by a motor attached to the rod.
The oscillations of the sphere produce travelling waves on the surface of the water.
(a) The diagram shows how the displacement of the water surface at a particular instant in
time varies with distance from the sphere. The period of oscillation of the sphere is
0.027 s.
Use the diagram to calculate, for the wave,
(i) the amplitude.
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(1)
(ii) the wavelength.
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(1)
(iii) the frequency.
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(1)
(iv) the speed.
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(1)
(b) The wave moves from region A into a region B of shallower water. The waves move
more slowly in region B. The diagram (not to scale) shows some of the wavefronts in
region A.
(i) With reference to a wave, distinguish between a ray and a wavefront.
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(2)
(ii) The angle between the wavefronts and the interface in region A is 60°. The
refractive index AnB is 1.4.
Determine the angle between the wavefronts and the interface in region B.
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(2)
(iii) On the diagram above, construct three lines to show the position of three
wavefronts in region B.
(2)
(c) Another sphere is dipped into the water. The spheres oscillate in phase. The diagram
shows some lines in region A along which the disturbance of the water surface is a
minimum.
(i) Outline how the regions of minimum disturbance occur on the surface.
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(3)
(ii) The frequency of oscillation of the spheres is increased.
State and explain how this will affect the positions of minimum disturbance.
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(2)
(Total 15 marks)
2. This question is about water waves.
A small sphere, mounted at the end of a vertical rod, dips below the surface of shallow water in
a tray. The sphere is driven vertically up and down by a motor attached to the rod. The
oscillations of the sphere produce travelling waves on the surface of the water.
(a) State what is meant by a travelling (progressive) wave.
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......................................................................................................................................
(1)
(b) The diagram shows how the displacement of the water surface at a particular instant in
time varies with distance from the sphere. The period of oscillation of the sphere is
0.027 s.
Use the diagram to calculate, for the wave,
(i) the amplitude.
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(1)
(ii) the wavelength.
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(1)
(iii) the frequency.
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(1)
(iv) the speed.
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(1)
(c) The wave moves from region A into a region B of shallower water. The waves move
more slowly in region B. The diagram (not to scale) shows some of the wavefronts in
region A.
(i) On the diagram, draw three lines to complete the wavefronts in region B.
(2)
(ii) Theory suggests that the wave speed c is related to the water depth d by
c= gd
where g is a constant.
The refractive index for waves travelling from region A to region B is 1.4.
Determine the following ratio.
water depth in A
water depth in B
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(3)
(d) Another sphere is dipped into the water. The spheres oscillate in phase. The diagram
shows some lines in region A along which the disturbance of the water surface is a
minimum.
(i) Outline how the regions of minimum disturbance occur on the surface.
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(3)
(ii) The frequency of oscillation of the spheres is increased.
State and explain how this will affect the positions of minimum disturbance.
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(2)
(Total 15 marks)
3. This question is about oscillations and waves.
(a) A rectangular piece of wood of length l floats in water with its axis vertical as shown in
diagram 1.
The length of wood below the surface is d. The wood is pushed vertically downwards a
distance A such that a length of wood is still above the water surface as shown in diagram
2. The wood is then released and oscillates vertically. At the instant shown in diagram 3,
the wood is moving downwards and the length of wood beneath the surface is d + x.
(i) On diagram 3, draw an arrow to show the direction of the acceleration of the
wood.
(1)
(ii) The acceleration a of the wood (in m s–2) is related to x (in m) by the following
equation.
14
a=  x
l
Explain why this equation shows that the wood is executing simple harmonic
motion.
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(2)
(iii) The period of oscillation of the wood is 1.4 s. Show that the length l of the wood is
0.70 m.
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(3)
(b) The wood in (a), as shown in diagram 2, is released at time t = 0. On the axes below,
sketch a graph to show how the velocity v of the wood varies with time over one period
of oscillation.
(1)
(c) The distance A that the wood is initially pushed down is 0.12 m.
(i) Calculate the magnitude of the maximum acceleration of the wood.
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(2)
(ii) On your sketch graph in (b) label with the letter P one point where the magnitude
of the acceleration is a maximum.
(1)
(d) The oscillations of the wood generate waves in the water of wavelength 0.45 m.
The graph shows how the displacement D, of the water surface at a particular distance
from the wood varies with time t.
Using the graph, calculate the
(i) speed of the waves.
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(2)
(ii) ratio of the displacement at t = 1.75 s to the displacement at t = 0.35 s.
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(2)
(iii) ratio of the energy of the wave at t = 1.75 s to the energy at t = 0.35 s
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(1)
(Total 15 marks)
4. This question is about oscillations and waves.
(a) A rectangular piece of wood of length l floats in water with its axis vertical as shown in
diagram 1.
The length of wood below the surface is d. The wood is pushed vertically downwards a
distance A such that a length of wood is still above the water surface as shown in diagram
2. The wood is then released and oscillates vertically. At the instant shown in diagram 3,
the wood is moving downwards and the length of wood beneath the surface is d + x.
(i) On diagram 3, draw an arrow to show the direction of the acceleration of the
wood.
(1)
(ii) The acceleration a of the wood (in m s–2) is related to x (in m) by the following
equation.
14
a=  x
l
Explain why this equation shows that the wood is executing simple harmonic
motion.
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(2)
(iii) The period of oscillation of the wood is 1.4 s. Show that the length l of the wood is
0.70 m.
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(3)
(b) The wood in (a), as shown in diagram 2, is released at time t = 0. On the axes below,
sketch a graph to show how the velocity v of the wood varies with time over one period
of oscillation.
(1)
(c) The distance A that the wood is initially pushed down is 0.12 m.
(i) Calculate the magnitude of the maximum acceleration of the wood.
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(2)
(ii) On your sketch graph in (b) label with the letter P one point where the magnitude of the
acceleration is a maximum.
(1)
(d) The oscillations of the wood generate waves in the water of wavelength 0.45 m.
The graph shows how the displacement D, of the water surface at a particular distance
from the wood varies with time t.
Using the graph, calculate the
(i) speed of the waves.
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(2)
(ii) ratio of the displacement at t = 1.75 s to the displacement at t = 0.35 s.
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(2)
(iii) ratio of the energy of the wave at t = 1.75 s to the energy at t = 0.35 s
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(1)
(Total 15 marks)
5. This question is about a simple pendulum.
(a) A pendulum consists of a bob suspended by a light inextensible string from a rigid
support. The pendulum bob is moved to one side and then released. The sketch graph
shows how the displacement of the pendulum bob undergoing simple harmonic motion
varies with time over one time period.
On the sketch graph above,
(i) label with the letter A a point at which the acceleration of the pendulum bob is a
maximum.
(1)
(ii) label with the letter V a point at which the speed of the pendulum bob is a
maximum.
(1)
(b) Explain why the magnitude of the tension in the string at the midpoint of the oscillation
is greater than the weight of the pendulum bob.
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(3)
(c) The pendulum bob is moved to one side until its centre is 25 mm above its rest position
and then released.
(i) Show that the speed of the pendulum bob at the midpoint of the oscillation is
0.70 m s–1.
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(2)
(ii) The mass of the pendulum bob is 0.057 kg. The centre of the pendulum bob is 0.80
m below the support. Calculate the magnitude of the tension in the string when the
pendulum bob is vertically below the point of suspension.
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(3)
(d) The point of suspension of the pendulum bob is moved from side to side with a small
amplitude and at a variable driving frequency f.
For each value of the driving frequency a steady constant amplitude A is reached. The
oscillations of the pendulum bob are lightly damped.
(i) On the axes below, sketch a graph to show the variation of A with f.
(2)
(ii) Explain, with reference to the graph in (d)(i), what is meant by resonance.
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(2)
(e) The pendulum bob is now immersed in water and the variable frequency driving force in
(d) is again applied. Suggest the effect this immersion of the pendulum bob will have on
the shape of your graph in (d)(i).
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(2)
(Total 16 marks)
6. This question is about the simple pendulum.
(a) A pendulum consists of a bob suspended by a light inextensible string from a rigid
support. The pendulum bob is moved to one side and then released. The sketch graph
shows how the displacement of the pendulum bob undergoing simple harmonic motion
varies with time over one time period.
On the sketch graph above,
(i) label with the letter A a point at which the acceleration of the pendulum bob is a
maximum.
(1)
(ii) label with the letter V a point at which the speed of the pendulum bob is a
maximum.
(1)
(b) Explain why the magnitude of the tension in the string at the midpoint of the oscillation
is greater than the weight of the pendulum bob.
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......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
(3)
(c) The pendulum bob is moved to one side until its centre is 25 mm above its rest position
and then released.
(i) Show that the speed of the pendulum bob at the midpoint of the oscillation is
0.70 m s–1.
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...........................................................................................................................
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(2)
(ii) The mass of the pendulum bob is 0.057 kg. The centre of the pendulum bob is 0.80
m below the support. Calculate the magnitude of the tension in the string when the
pendulum bob is vertically below the point of suspension.
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(3)
(d) The point of suspension of the pendulum bob is moved from side to side with a small
amplitude and at a variable driving frequency f.
For each value of the driving frequency a steady constant amplitude A is reached. The
oscillations of the pendulum bob are lightly damped.
(i) On the axes below, sketch a graph to show the variation of A with f.
(2)
(ii) Explain, with reference to the graph in (d)(i), what is meant by resonance.
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(2)
(e) The pendulum bob is now immersed in water and the variable frequency driving force in
(d) is again applied. Suggest the effect this immersion of the pendulum bob will have on
the shape of your graph in (d)(i).
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(2)
(Total 16 marks)
1. (a) (i) 1.0 mm; 1
(ii) 6.0 mm; 1
(iii) 37 Hz; 1
(iv) 0.22 m s–1; 1
(b) (i) ray: direction in which energy travels;

wavefront: line connecting points with same phase/displacement; 2
sin 60
(ii) sin r = ;
1.4
r = 38°; 2
(iii) wavefronts continuous at boundary and parallel;

wavefronts closer together and equally spaced by eye and in
the correct direction; 2
(c) (i) reference to superposition/interference;

waves (almost) cancel to give zero/small displacement;
where waves arrive out of phase/180° out/π out; 3
(ii) position of any one minimum closer to centre / minima closer together;
frequency increased so wavelength decreased / correct
explanation in terms of double-slit equation; 2
[15]
2. (a) (a wave) that transfers energy between points (in a medium); 1

(b) (i) 1.0 mm; 1
(ii) 6.0 mm; 1
(iii) 37 Hz; 1
(iv) 0.22 m s–1; 1
(c) (i) wavefronts continuous at boundary and parallel;

wavefronts closer together and equally spaced by eye and in
the correct direction; 2
ca
(ii)  1 .4 ;
cb
d 
  a ;

 db 
da
 2.0 ; 3
db
(d) (i) reference to superposition/interference;

waves (almost) cancel to give zero/small displacement;
where waves arrive out of phase/180° out/π out; 3
(ii) position of any one minimum closer to centre / minima closer together;
frequency increased so wavelength decreased / correct
explanation in terms of double-slit equation; 2
[15]
3. (a) (i) upwards; 1
(ii) the acceleration is proportional to the displacement from equilibrium;

and is directed towards equilibrium / opposite to displacement; 2
14
(iii) ω2 = ;
l
4π 2
ω2 = :
T2
14  1.4 2
l= ;
40
= 0.70m 3
(b) sine curve / negative sine curve; 1
14
(c) (i) ω2 = = 20 rad–1;
0.70
max acceleration = (20 × 0.12 =) 2.4 m s–2; 2
(ii) any point where v = 0; 1
(d) (i) period = 1.4 s;

 0.45
c=  = 0.32 m s–1; 2
T 1.4
2.8
(ii) ;
3.7
0.76; 2
(iii) 0.57 or 0.58; 1

[15]
4. (a) (i) upwards; 1
(ii) the acceleration is proportional to the displacement from equilibrium;

and is directed towards equilibrium / opposite to displacement; 2
14
(iii) ω2 = ;
l
4π 2
ω2 = :
T2
14  1.4 2
l= ;
40
= 0.70m 3
(b) sine curve / negative sine curve; 1
14
(c) (i) ω2 = = 20 rad–1;
0.70
max acceleration = (20 × 0.12 =) 2.4 m s–2; 2
(ii) any point where v = 0; 1
(d) (i) period = 1.4 s;

 0.45
c=  = 0.32 m s–1; 2
T 1.4
2.8
(ii) ;
3.7
0.76; 2
(iii) 0.57 or 0.58; 1

[15]
5. (a) (i) one A correctly shown; 1
(ii) one V correctly shown; 1

(b) pendulum bob accelerates towards centre of circular path / OWTTE;
therefore force upwards;
that adds to tension produced by the weight; 3
(c) (i) evidence shown of equating kinetic energy and gravitational

potential energy;
v = ( 2  9.8  0.025) ;
= 0.70 m s–1 2
Allow g = 10 m s–2 answer 0.71 m s–2.
 v 2   0 .7 2  –2
(ii) centripetal acceleration    
  = 0.61 (m s )
 r  0 . 8 
net acceleration = (9.81 + 0.61 =) 10.4 (m s–2) or T – mg = m × 0.61;
tension= (ma =) 0.59 N; 3
Allow g = 10 m s–2 answer 0.60 N.
(d) (i)
one maximum shown and curve broadly similar to example above;

amplitude falls on each side as shown; 2
(ii) resonance is where driving frequency equals/close to natural

frequency; the frequency at the maximum amplitude of the graph; 2
(e) lower amplitude everywhere on graph;

with a much broader resonance peak;
maximum moves to left on graph; 2 max
Award [2] for a sketch graph.
[16]
6. (a) (i) one A correctly shown; 1

(ii) one V correctly shown; 1
(b) pendulum bob accelerates towards centre of circular path / OWTTE;

therefore force upwards;
that adds to tension produced by the weight; 3
(c) (i) evidence shown of equating kinetic energy and gravitational

potential energy;
v = ( 2  9.8  0.025) ;
= 0.70 m s–1 2
Allow g = 10 m s–2 answer 0.71 m s–2.
 v 2   0 .7 2  –2
(ii) centripetal acceleration    
  = 0.61 (m s )
 r  0 . 8 
net acceleration = (9.81 + 0.61 =) 10.4 (m s–2) or T – mg = m × 0.61;
tension= (ma =) 0.59 N; 3
Allow g = 10 m s–2 answer 0.60 N.
(d) (i)
one maximum shown and curve broadly similar to example above;

amplitude falls on each side as shown; 2
(ii) resonance is where driving frequency equals/close to natural

frequency; the frequency at the maximum amplitude of the graph; 2
(e) lower amplitude everywhere on graph;
with a much broader resonance peak;
maximum moves to left on graph; 2 max
Award [2] for a sketch graph.
[16]
1. A transverse wave travels from left to right. The diagram below shows how, at a particular
instant of time, the displacement of particles in the medium varies with position. Which arrow
represents the direction of the velocity of the particle marked P?
(Total 1 mark)
2. The graph shows how the displacement varies with time for an object undergoing simple
harmonic motion.
Which graph shows how the object’s acceleration a varies with time t?
(Total 1 mark)
3. Light travels from air into glass as shown below.
What is the refractive index of glass?
sin P
A.
sin S
sin Q
B.
sin R
sin P
C.
sin R
sin Q
D.
sin S
(Total 1 mark)
4. Which of the following electromagnetic waves has a frequency greater than that of visible
light?
A. Ultraviolet
B. Radio
C. Microwaves
D. Infrared
(Total 1 mark)
5. This question is about simple harmonic oscillations.
A longitudinal wave travels through a medium from left to right.
Graph 1 shows the variation with time t of the displacement x of a particle P in the medium.
Graph 1
(a) For particle P,
(i) state how graph 1 shows that its oscillations are not damped.
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(1)
(ii) calculate the magnitude of its maximum acceleration.
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(2)
(iii) calculate its speed at t = 0.12 s.
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(2)
(iv) state its direction of motion at t = 0.12 s.
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(1)
(b) Graph 2 shows the variation with position d of the displacement x of particles in the
medium at a particular instant of time.
Graph 2
Determine for the longitudinal wave, using graph 1 and graph 2,
(i) the frequency.
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(2)
(ii) the speed.
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(2)
Graph 2 – reproduced to assist with answering (c)(i).
(c) The diagram shows the equilibrium positions of six particles in the medium.
(i) On the diagram above, draw crosses to indicate the positions of these six particles
at the instant of time when the displacement is given by graph 2.
(3)
(ii) On the diagram above, label with the letter C a particle that is at the centre of a
compression.
(1)
(Total 14 marks)
6. Light travels from air into glass as shown below.
The refractive index of the glass is
sin 30
A.
sin 80
sin 80
B.
sin 30
sin 60
C.
sin 10
sin 10
D.
sin 60
(Total 1 mark)
7. This question is about simple harmonic oscillations.
A longitudinal wave travels through a medium from left to right.
Graph 1 shows the variation with time t of the displacement x of a particle P in the medium.
Graph 1
(a) For particle P,
(i) state how graph 1 shows that its oscillations are not damped.
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(1)
(ii) calculate the magnitude of its maximum acceleration.
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(2)
(iii) calculate its speed at t = 0.12 s.
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...........................................................................................................................
(2)
(iv) state its direction of motion at t = 0.12 s.
...........................................................................................................................
(1)
(b) Graph 2 shows the variation with position d of the displacement x of particles in the
medium at a particular instant of time.
Graph 2
Determine for the longitudinal wave, using graph 1 and graph 2,
(i) the frequency.
...........................................................................................................................
(2)
(ii) the speed.
...........................................................................................................................
(2)
Graph 2 – reproduced to assist with answering (c)(i).
(c) The diagram shows the equilibrium positions of six particles in the medium.
(i) On the diagram above, draw crosses to indicate the positions of these six particles
at the instant of time when the displacement is given by graph 2.
(3)
(ii) On the diagram above, label with the letter C a particle that is at the centre of a
compression.
(1)
(Total 14 marks)
8. A particle oscillates with simple harmonic motion with period T.
At time t = 0, the particle has its maximum displacement. Which graph shows the variation with
time t of the kinetic energy Ek of the particle?
(Total 1 mark)
9. An object is undergoing simple harmonic motion with light damping. The natural frequency of
oscillation of the object is f0. A periodic force of frequency f is applied to the object. Which of
the following graphs best shows how the amplitude a of oscillation of the object varies with f?
(Total 1 mark)
10. The graph shows measurements of the height h of sea level at different times t in the Bay of
Fundy.
Which of the following gives the approximate amplitude and period of the tides?
Amplitude Period
A. 6.5 m 6 hours
B. 13 m 12 hours
C. 6.5 m 12 hours
D. 13 m 6 hours
(Total 1 mark)

11. Two waves meet at a point. The waves have a path difference of . The phase difference
4
between the waves is
π
A. rad.
8
π
B. rad.
4
π
C. rad.
2
D. π rad.
(Total 1 mark)
12. This question is about simple harmonic motion (SHM) and a wave in a string.
(a) By reference to simple harmonic motion, state what is meant by amplitude.
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
(1)
(b) A liquid is contained in a U-tube.
Diagram 1 Diagram 2
The pressure on the liquid in one side of the tube is increased so that the liquid is
displaced as shown in diagram 2. When the pressure is suddenly released the liquid
oscillates.
The damping of the oscillations is small.
(i) Describe what is meant by damping.
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
(2)
(ii) The displacement of the liquid surface from its equilibrium position is x. The
acceleration a of the liquid in the tube is given by the expression
2g
a=  x
l
where g is the acceleration of free fall and l is the total length of the liquid column.
The total length of the liquid column in the tube is 0.32 m. Determine the period of
oscillation.
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
(3)
(c) A wave is travelling along a string. The string can be modelled as a single line of
particles and each particle executes simple harmonic motion. The period of oscillation of
the particles is 0.80 s.
The graph shows the displacement y of part of the string at time t = 0. The distance along
the string is d.
(i) On the graph, draw an arrow to show the direction of motion of particle P at the
point marked on the string.
(1)
(ii) Determine the magnitude of the velocity of particle P.
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
(4)
(iii) Show that the speed of the wave is 5.0 m s–1.
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
(3)
(iv) On the graph above, label with the letter X the position of particle P at t = 0.40 s.
(1)
(Total 15 marks)
13. A string vibrates with fundamental frequency f. The wavelength of the sound produced in air is
λ. Which of the following correctly gives the frequency of vibration of the fourth harmonic of
the string and the wavelength of the sound in air?
Frequency Wavelength
f 
A.
2 4
B. 4f 4λ
f
C. 4λ
2

D. 4f
4
(Total 1 mark)
14. This question is about simple harmonic motion (SHM), wave motion and polarization.
(a) By reference to simple harmonic motion, state what is meant by amplitude.
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
(1)
(b) A liquid is contained in a U-tube.
Diagram 1 Diagram 2
The pressure on the liquid in one side of the tube is increased so that the liquid is
displaced as shown in diagram 2. When the pressure is suddenly released the liquid
oscillates.
The damping of the oscillations is small.
(i) Describe what is meant by damping.
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
(2)
(ii) The displacement of the liquid surface from its equilibrium position is x. The
acceleration a of the liquid in the tube is given by the expression
2g
a=  x
l
where g is the acceleration of free fall and l is the total length of the liquid column.
Explain, with reference to the motion of the liquid, the significance of the minus
sign.
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
(2)
(iii) The total length of the liquid column in the tube is 0.32 m. Determine the period of
oscillation.
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
(3)
(c) A wave is travelling along a string. The string can be modelled as a single line of
particles and each particle executes simple harmonic motion. The period of oscillation of
the particles is 0.80 s.
The graph shows the displacement y of part of the string at time t = 0. The distance along
the string is d.
(i) On the graph, draw an arrow to show the direction of motion of particle P at the
point marked on the string.
(1)
(ii) Determine the magnitude of the velocity of particle P.
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
(4)
(iii) Show that the speed of the wave is 5.0 m s–1.
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
(3)
(iv) On the graph above, label with the letter X the position of particle P at t = 0.40 s.
(1)
(d) The string in (c) is fixed at both ends and is made to vibrate in a vertical plane in its first
harmonic.
(i) Describe how the standing wave in the string gives rise to the first harmonic.
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
(3)
(ii) Outline how a travelling wave in a string can be used to describe the nature of
polarized light.
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
(3)
(e) James is wearing polarized sunglasses and views the sunlight reflected from the smooth
surface of a lake.
The angle θ is the angle between the surface of the lake and James’s line of sight.
Calculate the value of θ at which the reflected sunlight from the surface is minimized.
The refractive index of the water is 1.3.
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
(2)
(Total 25 marks)
1. C
[1]
2. D
[1]
3. D
[1]
4. A
[1]
5. (a) (i) the amplitude is constant; 1
(ii) period is 0.20s;

  2π  2 
amax =    x 0  31.4 2  2.0  10 2  = 19.7 ≈ 20 m s–2;
 T  
 
Award [2] for correct bald answer and ignore any negative
signs in answer.
(iii) displacement at t = 0.12 cm is (–)1.62 cm;

 2π 
x 0  x 2   31.4 (2.0  10  2 ) 2  (1.62  10  2 ) 2 = 0.37 m s–1;
2
v 
 T 
Accept displacement in range 1.60 to 1.70 cm for an answer
in range 0.33 m s–1 to 0.38 m s–1.
or
2π
v0 = x0 = 0.628 m s–1;
T
  2  
v    v 0 sin  t   v   0.628 sin[31.4  0.12]  0.37  = 0.37 m s–1;
 T  
or
drawing a tangent at 0.12 s;
measurement of slope of tangent; 2
Accept answer in range 0.33 m s–1 to 0.38 m s–1.
(iv) to the right; 1

1
(b) (i) use of f = ;
T
 1 
and so f    = 5.0 Hz; 2
 0.20 
(ii) wavelength is 16 cm;

and so speed is v(= f λ = 5.0 × 0.16) = 0.80 m s–1; 2
(c) (i) points at 0, 8 and 16 cm stay in the same place;

points at 4 and 20 cm move 2 cm to the right;
point at 12 cm moves 2 cm to the left; 3
(ii) the point at 8 cm; 1

[14]
6. C
[1]
7. (a) (i) the amplitude is constant; 1
(ii) period is 0.20s;

  2π  2 
amax =    x 0  31.4 2  2.0  10 2  = 19.7 ≈ 20 m s–2;
 T  
 
Award [2] for correct bald answer and ignore any negative
signs in answer.
(iii) displacement at t = 0.12 cm is (–)1.62 cm;
 2π 
x 0  x 2   31.4 (2.0  10  2 ) 2  (1.62  10  2 ) 2 = 0.37 m s–1;
2
v 
 T 
Accept displacement in range 1.60 to 1.70 cm for an answer
in range 0.33 m s–1 to 0.38 m s–1.
or
2π
v0 = x0 = 0.628 m s–1;
T
  2  
v    v 0 sin  t   v   0.628 sin[31.4  0.12]  0.37  = 0.37 m s–1;
 T  
or
drawing a tangent at 0.12 s;
measurement of slope of tangent; 2
Accept answer in range 0.33 m s–1 to 0.38 m s–1.
(iv) to the right; 1
1
(b) (i) use of f = ;
T
 1 
and so f    = 5.0 Hz; 2
 0.20 
(ii) wavelength is 16 cm;

and so speed is v(= f λ = 5.0 × 0.16) = 0.80 m s–1; 2
(c) (i) points at 0, 8 and 16 cm stay in the same place;

points at 4 and 20 cm move 2 cm to the right;
point at 12 cm moves 2 cm to the left; 3
(ii) the point at 8 cm; 1

[14]
8. C
[1]
9. A
[1]
10. C
[1]
11. C
[1]
12. (a) the maximum displacement of the system from equilibrium/

from centre of motion / OWTTE; 1
(b) (i) the amplitude of the oscillations/(total) energy decreases

(with time);
because a force always opposes direction of motion/there
is a resistive force/there is a friction force; 2
Do not allow bald “friction”.
2g
(ii) ω= ;
l
0.32
T = 2π ;
2  9.81
= 0.80 s; 3
(c) (i) upwards; 1
(ii) y0 = 0.050(m) and y = 0.030(m);

 2π 
ω=    7.85 (rad s–1);
 0.80 
v = 7.85 [0.05] 2  [0.03] 2 ;
= 0.31 m s–1; (allow working in cm to give 31cm s–1) 4
(iii) λ = 4.0 m;
1
recognition that f = (= 1.25);
0.80
(f λ =)v = 1.25 × 4.0;
(= 5.0 m s–1) 3
(iv) y = –3.0 cm, d = 0.6m ; 1
[15]
13. D
[1]
14. (a) the maximum displacement of the system from equilibrium/

from centre of motion / OWTTE; 1
(b) (i) the amplitude of the oscillations/(total) energy decreases

(with time);
because a force always opposes direction of motion/there
is a resistive force/there is a friction force; 2
Do not allow bald “friction”.
(ii) the displacement and acceleration/force acting on (the surface)

are in opposite directions; 2
2g
(iii) ω= ;
l
0.32
T = 2π ;
2  9.81
= 0.80 s; 3
(c) (i) upwards; 1
(ii) y0 = 0.050(m) and y = 0.030(m);

 2π 
ω=    7.85 (rad s–1);
 0.80 
v = 7.85 [0.05] 2  [0.03] 2 ;
= 0.31 m s–1; (allow working in cm to give 31cm s–1) 4
(iii) λ = 4.0 m;
1
recognition that f = (= 1.25);
0.80
(f λ =)v = 1.25 × 4.0;
(= 5.0 m s–1) 3
(iv) y = –3.0 cm, d = 0.6m ; 1

(d) (i) wave reflects at ends (of string);
interference/superposition occurs (between waves);
regions of maximum displacement/zero displacement
form (that do not move)(*);
one region of max displacement/antinode forms at
centre with zero displacement/node at each end(*);
(* allow these marking points from a clear diagram ) 3 max
(ii) the waves (in a string) are transverse and vibrate only
in one plane;
light waves are transverse electromagnetic waves;
(and) for polarized light the electric field vector vibrates
only in one plane; 3
(e) Brewster angle = tan–1[1.3] = 52°;

θ = (90 – 52 =) 38°; 2
[25]
2012
D
B
C
A
B
D
B
D
A
C
A
C
C
– 16 – M12/4/PHYSI/SP2/ENG/TZ1/XX
b2. This question is in two parts. Part 1 is about simple harmonic motion and the superposition
of waves. Part 2 is about gravitational fields.
Part 1 Simple harmonic motion and the superposition of waves
An object of mass m is placed on a frictionless surface and attached to a light horizontal spring.
The other end of the spring is fixed.
positive direction
m
A B C
The equilibrium position is at B. The direction B to C is taken to be positive. The object is

released from position A and executes simple harmonic motion between positions A and C.
(a) Define simple harmonic motion. [2]
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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(b) (i) On the axes below, sketch a graph to show how the acceleration of the mass varies
with displacement from the equilibrium position B. [2]
acceleration
displacement
(ii) On your graph, label the points that correspond to the positions A, B and C. [1]
(This question continues on the following page)
1628
(Question B2, part 1 continued)
(c) (i) On the axes below, sketch a graph to show how the velocity of the mass varies with
time from the moment of release from A until the mass returns to A for the first time. [2]
velocity
time
(ii) On your graph, label the points that correspond to the positions A, B and C. [1]
(d) The period of oscillation is 0.20 s and the distance from A to B is 0.040 m. Determine the
maximum speed of the mass. [3]
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
turn over
1728
(e) A long spring is stretched so that it has a length of 10.0 m. Both ends are made to oscillate
with simple harmonic motion so that transverse waves of equal amplitude but different
frequency are generated.
Wave X, travelling from left to right, has wavelength 2.0 m, and wave Y, travelling
from right to left, has wavelength 4.0 m. Both waves move along the spring at speed
10.0 m s–1.
The diagram below shows the waves at an instant in time.

wave X wave Y
displacement
position / m
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0 10.0
(i) State the principle of superposition as applied to waves. [2]
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(ii) By drawing on the diagram or otherwise, calculate the position at which the
resultant wave will have maximum displacement 0.20 s later. [2]
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1828
– 12 – M12/4/PHYSI/SP2/ENG/TZ1/XX/M
B2. Part 1 Simple harmonic motion and the superposition of waves
(a) the force/acceleration is proportional to the displacement from the equilibrium

position/centre;
the force/acceleration is directed towards the equilibrium position/centre /
the force/acceleration is in the opposite direction to the displacement; [2]
(b) (i) straight line through the origin;

with negative gradient; [2]
A acceleration
B
displacement
(ii) all three labels correct; [1]
(c) (i) positive sine graph;

drawn correctly for one period; [2]
velocity B
A C time
A
B B
(ii) all three labels correct; [1]
Accept either of the As and either of the Bs.
C
Accept either B if shown
A on the time axis in the correct position. T
A i
m
e
B
– 13 – M12/4/PHYSI/SP2/ENG/TZ1/XX/M
2π 2π
(d)    31.42  31rads 1;
T 0.20
vmax   x0  31.42  0.040;
vmax  1.257  1.3ms1; [3]
(e) (i) if two or more waves overlap/meet/pass through the same point;
the resultant displacement at any point is found by adding the
displacements produced by each individual wave; [2]
(ii) 0.20 s later, wave X will have crests at 5.0, 3.0 and 1.0 m, wave Y will
have crests at 5.0 and 9.0 m / each wave will have moved forward by
2.0 m in 0.20 s / wave profiles for 0.20 s later drawn on diagram;
W W
a a
v v
e e
X Y
maximum displacement where two crests meet, i.e. at 5.0 m; [2]

(Question B1 continued)
Part 2 Simple harmonic motion and waves
(a) One end of a light spring is attached to a rigid horizontal support.
rigid horizontal support
spring
W mass = 0.15 kg
An object W of mass 0.15 kg is suspended from the other end of the spring. The extension x
of the spring is proportional to the force F causing the extension. The force per unit
extension of the spring k is 18 N m–1.
A student pulls W down such that the extension of the spring increases by 0.040 m.
The student releases W and as a result W performs simple harmonic motion (SHM).
(i) State what is meant by the expression “W performs SHM”. [2]
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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(ii) Determine the maximum acceleration of W. [2]
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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1228
(iii) Determine the period of oscillation of the spring. [3]
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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(iv) Determine the maximum kinetic energy of W. [1]
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(b) W in (a) is immersed in a beaker of oil. As a result of this immersion the oscillations
of W are critically damped. Describe what is meant by critically damped. [2]
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
turn over
1328
(c) A spring, such as that in (a), is stretched horizontally and a longitudinal travelling wave
is set up in the spring, travelling to the right.
(i) Describe, in terms of the propagation of energy, what is meant by a longitudinal

travelling wave. [2]
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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1428
(ii) The graph shows how the displacement x of one coil C of the spring varies with
time t.
x / cm 3
2
0 t / s
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8
–1
–2
–3
The speed of the wave is 3.0 cm s–1. Determine the wavelength of the wave. [2]
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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(iii) Draw, on the graph in (c)(ii), the displacement of a coil of the spring that is 1.8 cm
away from C in the direction of travel of the wave, explaining your answer. [2]
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
turn over
1528
–9– M12/4/PHYSI/SP2/ENG/TZ2/XX/M
Part 2 Simple harmonic motion and waves
(a) (i) the acceleration of (force acting on) W is proportional to its displacement from
equilibrium;
and directed towards equilibrium; [2]
(ii) F  (18  0.04 ) 0.72 N ;

0.72
acceleration   4.8 ms 2 ; [2]
0.15
a
(iii)   ;
x
 10.95rad s2 ;
 2  6.28
T    0.57s ; [3]
   10.95
(iv)  1.4 102 (J) ; [1]
(b) (the frictional force on W is such that) motion rapidly dies away/rapidly
stops/stops in the minimum time;
without completing an oscillation / without overshooting (equilibrium position); [2]
 (must see
(c) (i) the direction of oscillation of the particles of the medium; 
 “particles”)
is in the direction of energy propagation; [2]
Accept answer in terms of coils of spring in place of particles of medium.
1 1 
(ii) frequency      1.25Hz ;
 T 0.80 
v 3.0
wavelength    2.4 cm or 2.4 102 m ; [2]
f 1.25
(iii) x / cm
t/s
graph: positive cosine; (line must cross axis at 0.2 and 0.6 as shown)
explanation: 1.8 cm is 34 of a wavelength; [2]
– 16 – N12/4/PHYSI/SP2/ENG/TZ0/XX
b2. This question is in two parts. Part 1 is about wave motion. Part 2 is about the melting of the
Pobeda ice island.
Part 1 Wave motion
(a) State what is meant by the terms ray and wavefront and state the relationship
between them. [3]
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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(b) The diagram shows three wavefronts, A, B and C, of a wave at a particular instant in
time incident on a boundary between media X and Y. Wavefront B is also shown in
medium Y.
boundary
C
X Y
(i) Draw a line to show wavefront C in medium Y. [1]
1628
(ii) The refractive index of X is nX and the refractive index of Y is nY . By making

n
appropriate measurements, calculate X . [3]
nY
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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(c) The wave in (b) is transverse. Describe the difference between transverse waves and
longitudinal waves. [2]
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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turn over
1728
(d) The graph below shows the variation of the velocity v with time t for one oscillating
particle of medium Y.
v / m s–1 8
0 t / ms
0 2 4 6 8
– 2
– 4
– 6
– 8
(i) Calculate the frequency of oscillation of the particle. [2]
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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(ii) Identify on the graph, with the letter M, a time at which the displacement of the
particle is a maximum. [1]
1828
(iii) Using the graph, determine the approximate amplitude of the oscillation of
the particle. [3]
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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turn over
1928
– 12 – N12/4/PHYSI/SP2/ENG/TZ0/XX/M
B3. Part 1 Lighting system
(a) providing the temperature/physical conditions are constant and pd ∝ current; [1]
or
providing the temperature/physical conditions are constant and the resistance
is constant;
(b) (i) current for one lamp = 1.5 A;

13
= 8.67;
1.5
so 8; [3]
Must show working for full credit. Allow any suitable method.
(ii) 4.0 Ω; [1]
(iii) estimate:
resistance of incorrect lamp = 16 Ω;
1 1 1 1 1
total resistance of “correct” lamps in parallel = 1.3 Ω or = + + + ;
R 16 4 4 4
total resistance = 1.2 Ω;
assumption:
“incorrect” lamp will be at correct resistance/working temperature/normal
brightness; [4]
(c) LDR has higher resistance (than resistor) when dark/lower resistance when in light;
pd dropped across resistor and LDR in proportion to resistances;
high pd across lamp means high current (so intensity increases); [3]
Award [2 max] for current increases linked to decrease in resistance.
– 13 – N12/4/PHYSI/SP2/ENG/TZ0/XX/M
Part 2 Satellite
(a) force is proportional to product of masses and inversely proportional to square of

distance apart;
reference to point masses; [2]
(b) (i) order of 1 cm; [1]
(ii) 3 ×108 × 67 ×10−3 ;

2.0 ×107 m; [2]
(c) (i) force required towards centre of Earth to maintain orbit;

force means that there is an acceleration / OWTTE; [2]
or
direction changes;
a change in velocity therefore acceleration;
GM 6.7 ×10−11 × 6.0 ×10 24

(ii) uses = or 2
;
r2 #% 2.6 × 107 $&
0.57 N kg–1; (allow m s–2) [2]
v2
(iii) v = 0.57 × (2.0 ×10 + 6.4 ×10 ) by equating
7 6
and g;
r
3900 m s–1; [2]
2.6×107
(iv) T = 2π ;
3900
11.9 hours; [2]
November 2013
➢ Paper 1
1.
Answer: D
2.
Answer: C
3.
Answer: C
4.
Answer: C
5.
Answer: B
6.
Answer: C
7.
Answer: B
8.
Answer: B
➢ Paper 2
1.
CHAPTER 4
2014 MAY TZ1/TZ2
Physics Past Papers
Shamim Zeraati
Answer: C
Answer: A
Answer: B
Answer: B
Answer: A
Answer: D
Answer: B
Answer:
Answer:
Paper 1
November 2014
November 2015
Paper 2
November 2014
November 2015
May 2015
Paper 1
Answer: A
Answer: B
Answer: B
Answer: A
Answer: A
Answer: A
Answer: A
Answer: A
PAPER 2
Answer:
Answer:

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1.

A. It must always be in anti-phase with the oscillations of the system.

C. Its frequency must be equal to the frequency of oscillation of the system.

D. Its amplitude must be equal to the amplitude of oscillation of the system.

The speed of the wave front is

Which of the following is the correct expression for the displacement x?

I. It moves more slowly.

II. It has less energy.

B. I and III only

C. II and III only

Use the diagram to calculate, for the wave,

(i) the amplitude.

(iii) the frequency.

(iv) the speed.

2. This question is about water waves.

(a) State what is meant by a travelling (progressive) wave.

Use the diagram to calculate, for the wave,

(i) the amplitude.

(ii) the wavelength.

(iii) the frequency.

Determine the following ratio.

(ii) The frequency of oscillation of the spheres is increased.

(i) Calculate the magnitude of the maximum acceleration of the wood.

Using the graph, calculate the

(i) speed of the waves.

(ii) ratio of the displacement at t = 1.75 s to the displacement at t = 0.35 s.

4. This question is about oscillations and waves.

(i) Calculate the magnitude of the maximum acceleration of the wood.

Using the graph, calculate the

(i) speed of the waves.

(ii) ratio of the displacement at t = 1.75 s to the displacement at t = 0.35 s.

5. This question is about a simple pendulum.

On the sketch graph above,

On the sketch graph above,

(ii) 6.0 mm; 1

(iv) 0.22 m s–1; 1

(b) (i) ray: direction in which energy travels;

(iii) wavefronts continuous at boundary and parallel;

(c) (i) reference to superposition/interference;

2. (a) (a wave) that transfers energy between points (in a medium); 1

(ii) 6.0 mm; 1

(iv) 0.22 m s–1; 1

(c) (i) wavefronts continuous at boundary and parallel;

(d) (i) reference to superposition/interference;

(ii) the acceleration is proportional to the displacement from equilibrium;

(b) sine curve / negative sine curve; 1

(ii) any point where v = 0; 1

(d) (i) period = 1.4 s;

(iii) 0.57 or 0.58; 1

4. (a) (i) upwards; 1

(ii) the acceleration is proportional to the displacement from equilibrium;

(b) sine curve / negative sine curve; 1

(ii) any point where v = 0; 1

(d) (i) period = 1.4 s;

(iii) 0.57 or 0.58; 1

5. (a) (i) one A correctly shown; 1

(ii) one V correctly shown; 1

(c) (i) evidence shown of equating kinetic energy and gravitational

one maximum shown and curve broadly similar to example above;

(ii) resonance is where driving frequency equals/close to natural

(e) lower amplitude everywhere on graph;

6. (a) (i) one A correctly shown; 1

(b) pendulum bob accelerates towards centre of circular path / OWTTE;