Hilton Worldwide

ADA Design Guide

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table of contents
Introduction............................................................... 3
1. Accessible Routes................................................... 4
1.1 Accessible Route Scoping................................................... 5
1.2 Accessible Route.................................................................... 6
1.3 Changes in Level and Width............................................. 7
1.4 Protruding Objects................................................................ 9
1.5 Accessible Means of Egress............................................... 10
2. Ramps............................................................................. 11
2.1 Ramps and Landings ........................................................... 12
2.2 Handrails on Ramps and Walking Surfaces.............. 14
3. Curb Ramps................................................................. 15
3.1 Curb Ramps with Flared Sides ........................................ 16
3.2 Returned Curbs...................................................................... 17
3.3 Inline Curb Ramps................................................................ 18
3.4 Diagonal Curb Ramps......................................................... 19
4. Parking Spaces......................................................... 20
4.1 Accessible Parking Location.............................................. 21
4.2 Standard Accessible Parking Spaces............................ 22
4.3 Van Accessible Parking ...................................................... 23
5. PASSENGER LOADING ZONES ................................. 24
5.1 Guest Vehicle Loading Zones............................................ 25
6. ENTRANCE AND INTERIOR DOORS ...................... 26
6.1 Accessible Entrances ........................................................... 27
6.2 Clear Width.............................................................................. 28
6.3 Maneuvering Clearances .................................................. 29
6.4 Thresholds................................................................................ 31
6.5 Hardware and Operable Parts........................................ 32
6.6 Closing Speed & Opening Force ................................... 33
6.7 Automatic Door Operators ............................................. 34
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7. Registration and service counters........... 35
7.1 Registration and Service Counters ............................... 36
8. PUBLIC TOILET AND BATHING FACILITIES........... 37
8.1 Scope, Clearances and Turning Space.......................... 38
8.2 Toilet Compartments:
Standard and Ambulatory Stalls......................................40
8.3 Water Closets......................................................................... 43
8.4 Urinals........................................................................................ 44
8.5 Lavatories and Sink.............................................................. 45
8.6 Grab Bars.................................................................................. 46
8.7 Dispensers and Accessories.............................................. 47
8.8 Signage...................................................................................... 48
9. Restaurants.............................................................. 50
9.1 Table Distribution for Dining and Work Areas......... 51
9.2 Knee and Toe Clearance for Dining
and Work Surfaces................................................................ 52
9.3 Food Service Areas............................................................... 53
10. Guest Rooms............................................................ 55
10.1 Guest Rooms – Scope for rooms
with Mobility and Hearing Features...........................56
10.2 Guest Rooms with Mobility Features......................... 57
10.3 Operable Controls.............................................................. 58
10.4 Turning Space....................................................................... 59
10.5 Storage.................................................................................... 60
10.6 Desks........................................................................................ 61
10.7 Operable Windows and Shades................................... 62
10.8 Bathing Rooms.................................................................... 63
10.9 Lavatories and Vanities.................................................... 64
10.10 Water Closets..................................................................... 65
10.11 Bathtubs................................................................................. 66
10.12 Showers and Shower Seats.......................................... 68
10.13 Guest Rooms with Hearing Features....................... 72
10.14 Visible Alarms...................................................................... 73
10.15 Notification Devices......................................................... 74
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ADA Design Guide

Introduction
Overview & Scope

ADA Design Guide Overview

Abbreviations used throughout:
ADA Americans with Disabilities Act
AFF Above Finished Floor (or grade)
DOJ U.S. Department of Justice
IBC International Building Code
Note: 
All references in this guide to “2010
Standards” are references to the 2010
ADA Standards for Accessible Design.
As part of a Consent Decree with the U.S. Department of Justice, Hilton Worldwide agreed to create
this design guide. The objective of this guide is not to dictate how a hotel is to be designed, constructed,
or altered in accordance with ADA requirements. Its purpose is to familiarize owners and their design
professionals with the accessibility requirements for the most important spaces and elements in a hotel
so that they are better equipped to engage in their independent design, construction, and alteration
process. The full responsibility for ensuring that a hotel is designed, constructed, and/or altered in
compliance with the ADA remains at all times with the hotel owner.
Each chapter of this guide provides accessibility information about some of the critical elements and
conditions found at Hilton Worldwide hotels. This guide does not cover all elements and spaces that
are required to be accessible under the ADA. Owners and their design professionals must review the
applicable ADA standards for accessible design when designing, constructing, and altering hotels.
Furthermore, the diagrams provided in this guide are not intended to serve as construction documents.
They are included to illustrate some the requirements but do not replace official diagrams found in the
applicable standards.

The standards cited throughout this guide are based on the 2010 ADA Standards for Accessible Design
which were released by the United States Department of Justice on September 15, 2010. The ADA
Standards can be viewed on the US DOJ’s website: www.ada.gov. Hotel owners and their design
professionals are solely responsible for determining whether the 2010 Standards or the 1991 ADA
Standards for Accessible Design apply to their hotel. In addition, hotels must also comply with state and
local accessibility requirements which are not addressed in this guide.

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1.
Accessible Routes
1.1 Accessible Route Scoping
1.2 Accessible Route
1.3 Changes in Level and Width
1.4 Protruding Objects
1.5 Accessible Means of Egress
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1.1 Accessible Route Scoping

1.1.1 Exterior Route Plan Section 206 of the 2010 Standards provides
the scoping for accessible routes. At least one
accessible route within the site is required from
accessible parking spaces, accessible passenger
loading zones, public streets and sidewalks; and
public transportation stops to accessible building
or facility entrances they serve. (See Figure 1.1.1.)
An accessible route is also required within the
building from an accessible entrance to all guest
rooms, public areas and building amenities,
including play areas and recreational areas. (See
Figure 1.1.2.)
Sections 402 and 403 of the 2010 Standards
define the accessible route and elements of the
route. Clear width, surface texture, running slope,
cross slope and the treatment of changes in level
must comply with specific standards. Door width
and maneuvering clearances, curb ramps, ramps,
protruding objects, elevators and stairs are also
considerations for the accessible route. Technical
standards for these elements are addressed in
following chapters of this guide with references to
specific standards in the 2010 Standards.

An accessible route must connect accessible

parking, passenger loading zones, public streets
and walkways and public transportation stops
1.1.2 Interior Route to the accessible entrance(s) of the building. Site
constraints may impact the location of pedestrian
walks, accessible parking and their adjacency
to the accessible entrance. The accessible route
must be located in the same area as the general
circulation routes and must lead to accessible
entrances, gates or doorways. Where circulation
paths are interior, required accessible routes must
also be interior.

Accessible routes may cross parking lots, curb

ramps, ramp, and/or sidewalks. Where possible,
it is preferred that accessible routes not cross
vehicular lanes or pass behind parked vehicles.

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1.2 Accessible Route

1.2.1 Grate Openings 1.2.2 Running Slope 1.2.3 Cross Slope

Section 403 of the 2010 Standards addresses technical standards for the Section 403.3 of the 2010 Standards limits the cross slope and the running
walking surface along the accessible route. Section 403.2 addresses the slope for accessible routes.
floor or ground surface and references Sections 302 and 303 which provide
the following standards for compliance: 1. Running Slope must not be steeper than 1:20 (5%) maximum:

1. The surface must be stable, firm and slip resistant; • The running slope of an accessible route is measured parallel to the
direction of travel. (See Figure 1.2.2.)
2. Carpets or carpet tile must be securely attached with a firm pad or
backing, level cut with a pile height of ½” maximum and exposed edges • Where the running slope on the accessible route exceeds 1:20 (5%), the
of carpet must be securely fastened and have trim on the entire length accessible route is now a ramp and must comply with Section 405. The
of the exposed edge. Carpet edge trim must have no changes of level maximum slope for a ramp is 1:12 or 8.33%. (See Chapter 2.1 for ramp
greater than ¼”. Changes of level up to ½” are allowed if beveled at 1:2, standards).
but this is not likely to apply to carpet edges;
2. Cross Slope must not be steeper than 1:48 (2%) maximum
3. Openings in floor or ground surfaces of the accessible route, such as
• The cross slope of an accessible route is measured perpendicular to
grates or expansion joints, must not be greater than ½”. Elongated openings
the direction of travel. (See Figure 1.2.3.)
in grates must be placed so that the long dimension is perpendicular to the
main direction of travel to avoid trapping the wheels on wheelchairs or
walkers, etc. (See Figure 1.2.1; 2010 Standards Figure 302.3.)

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1.3 Changes in Level and Width

1.3.1 Maximum Vertical Rise
(from the 2010 Standards, Figure 303.2 )
1.3.2 Maximum Rise with a 1:2 Beveled Edge:
(from the 2010 Standards, Figure 303.3
1.3.3 Rise over ½”: Slope 1:12 Section 403.4 of the 2010 Standards defines
the limits of an acceptable change of level along
the accessible route. Surface changes may occur
in the exterior walkway, such as a concrete
sidewalk, or at the entrance threshold or where
there are changes of material on the interior floor
surface. The following are the maximum changes
allowed:
1. Changes in level of ¼ inch high maximum
must be permitted to be vertical. (Figure 1.3.1;
2010 Standards Figure 303.2)

2. Changes in level between ¼ inch - ½ inch high

maximum must be beveled with a slope no
steeper than 1:2 (Figure 1.3.2; 2010 Standards
Figure 303.3)

3. Changes in level greater than ½“ (Figure 1.3.3):

• Changes in level greater than ½” must be

ramped and must comply with Section
405 or 406 of the 2010 Standards. The
ramp or curb ramp runs must have a
running slope no steeper than1:12 (8.33%).

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1.3.4 Accessible Route Minimum Width
(from the 2010 Standards, Figure 403.5.1)
1.3.5 T-shaped Turning Space (from the 2010
Standards, Figure 304.3.2)
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1.3.6 Intersecting Routes Provide a T-shaped Turn
Section 403.5 of the 2010 Standards requires
accessible routes to provide a continuous
minimum clear width of 36”.
1. The clear width of the route may be
reduced to 32” provided the length of the
narrowed portion of the accessible route is
24” maximum. (Figure 1.3.4 shows the 36”
minimum width and maximum 24” sections
where the width can be reduced to 32”
minimum. Also see Figure 403.5.1 in the 2010
Standards.)
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2. Where there is more than one segment with
reduced width (32” minimum), those segments
must be separated by a 48” minimum long
section that is 36” minimum wide. (Figure 1.3.4;
2010 Standards Figure 403.5.1)
3. When the accessible route makes a 180
degree turn around an element which is
less than 48” wide, clear width must be 42”
minimum approaching the turn, 48” minimum
at the turn, and 42” minimum leaving the turn
(2010 Standards 403.5.2).
4. An accessible route must have passing space
when there are segments less than 60” wide
and 200’ or more in length. Passing spaces
must be either: a space that is 60” minimum
by 60” minimum; or, an intersection of two
walkways or hallways that would provide
a T-shaped turning space (see Figure 1.3.5)
where the base and arms of the T-shaped
space extend 48” minimum beyond the
intersection. (See Image 1.3.6.)
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1.4 Protruding Objects
1.4.1 Head Room and Wall Mounted Protruding Objects Protruding objects are addressed in Sections
204 and 307 of the 2010 Standards. Objects that
protrude into circulation paths must be detectable
by people who use canes. The “cane detection
area” shown in Figure 1.4.1 and 1.4.2 is the space in
which a person using a cane can detect elements
along the circulation path that may be hazardous
for people who are blind or have low vision. People
frequently use the cane to follow along a wall or
edge of a route where objects may protrude.
Objects that are wall or ceiling mounted may not
project more than 4” into the circulation route
unless the leading (bottom) edge is at or below
1.4.2 Wall Mounted Protruding Objects
27” AFF or higher than 80” AFF. If an element or
object is located above 27” AFF and below 80”
AFF and protrudes more than 4”, it must have a
permanent barrier below that is cane detectable
at 27” AFF or less; for example, an open stair must
have a railing or fixed object in areas below the
portion of the underside of the stair that is less
than 80” AFF.
The areas considered for protruding objects
should include the full width of all public
circulation routes. Objects must not reduce the
clear width required for accessible routes.
1.4.2 Protruding Objects on Posts or Pylons 1. Wall Mounted Protruding Objects
(from the 2010 Standards, Figure 307.3)
• Objects mounted on the wall which
protrude more than 4” must have the
leading edge at 27” AFF maximum or must
have a fixed barrier below them. (Figures
1.4.1 & 1.4.2; 2010 Standards Section and
Figure 307.2)
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2. Protruding Objects on Posts or Pylons
• Objects mounted on posts at 27”
AFF minimum and 80” AFF maximum
must protrude no more than 12” into
circulation routes.
• If mounted on two posts, the clear distance
between the posts must be no more than
12”. If greater than 12”, then the sign must
be either 27”maximum AFF to the bottom
edge or 80” minimum to the bottom edge.
(Figure 1.4.3; 2010 Standards Figure 307.3)
3. Head Room or Vertical Clearance
• A minimum of 80” of clear head room is
required along circulation paths. (Figure
1.4.1; 2010 Standards Figure 307.2)
• Common interior protruding objects
include overhead signage, wall sconces or
displays, equipment such as video monitors
mounted on walls or ceilings, and the
underside of an open stairway.
• Common exterior protruding objects
include signage and wall sconces; and
tree or shrub branches extending into
pedestrian routes.
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1.5 Accessible Means of Egress
1.5.1 Typical Egress Plan
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A means of egress must be provided from each
level as indicated in Section 207 of the 2010
Standards. The means of egress must comply
with Section 1003.2.13 of IBC 2000 and with the
2001 Supplement or Section 1007 of IBC 2003.
The IBC is incorporated in the 2010 Standards as a
“Reference Standard”. Basic requirements of these
Standards are as follows:
1. At least one accessible means of egress is
required for every accessible space. (See
Figure 1.5.1.)
2. At least two accessible means of egress are
required where more than one means of
egress is required by code.
3. Each accessible means of egress must be
continuous to a public way and must include
one or more of the following components:
• Accessible Routes
• Stairways within an Area of Refuge
• Elevators
• Platform lifts
• Horizontal exits
• Smoke barriers
4. In buildings where a required accessible
floor is four or more stories above the level
of discharge, at least one means of egress
must be an elevator complying with IBC 2003
Section 1007.4 (per IBC 2003 Section 1007.2.1).
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5. To be considered part of a means of egress,
an enclosed stairway must have 48” clearance
from handrail to handrail and an area of
refuge.
6. Lifts with standby power may be part of the
means of egress in limited applications. (See
Section 207.2 and IBC 2003 Section 1109.7.)
7. Areas of refuge must comply with IBC
standards referenced above including:
• Areas must be accessible from the space it
serves and on an accessible route;
• Areas must have direct access to the
enclosed stairway or a compliant elevator;
• Each area must be 30” x 48” and must not
reduce the width of the path of egress;
• Each area must be separated from the
remainder of the story by a smoke barrier;
• Two-way communication and signage
must be provided as defined in IBC.
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2.
Ramps
2.1 Ramps and Landings
2.2 Handrails on Ramps and Walking Surfaces
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2.1 Ramps and Landings

2.1.1 Typical Ramp with Intermediate Landing
2.1.2 Ramp with Landing at a Change in Direction
When the running slope of an accessible route
exceeds 1:20 (5%), the 2010 Standards require the
sloped route to meet the standards for ramps in
Section 405 and standards for handrails found in
Section 505. The standards for handrails follow in
Chapter 2.2 and standards for ramps are below:
1. Ramps (Figure 2.1.1; 2010 Standards Figure
405.7)
• A ramp’s running slope cannot exceed
1:12 (8.33%), but the 2010 Standards call
for the least possible slope to be used. (It
is recommended that a ramp slope less
than 1:12 (8.33%) be specified to allow for
construction variations.)
• The cross slope for ramp runs must be no
greater than 1:48 (2%) as with all accessible
routes. (It is recommended that a cross
slope less than 1:48 (2%) be specified to
allow for construction variations.)
• Changes in level other than the running
slope and cross slope are not permitted on
ramp runs;
• The minimum clear ramp width is 36”
measured between the handrails. (Figures
2.1.1, 2.1.2; 2010 Standards Section 405.5 and
Figure 405.7);
• The rise for any ramp run must be 30”
maximum;
• Ramps must have edge protection on each
side that is 4” above the surface of the
ramp unless the surface extends 12” beyond
the handrails measured from the inside
edge of the handrails. A curb that is at least
4” high or a horizontal rail positioned at a
maximum of 4” above the ramp surface
would provide acceptable edge protection.
(Figure 2.1.3; 2010 Standards Figure 405.9).

• Floor or ground surfaces of ramp runs

must be firm, stable and slip resistant and
must comply with 2010 Standards Section
302;

• If ramps are carpeted, the carpeting must

be securely attached and must have a
firm padding or backing. Carpeting must
have a level or textured loop or a level
cut pile with a height of no more than ½”.
Edges must be securely fastened. If there
is trim, it must run the entire length of the
exposed edge;

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2.1.3 Sample Edge Protection 2. Landings (Figures 2.1.1 and 2.1.2; 2010 Standards Figure 405.7)

• Ramps must have level landings at the top and bottom of each ramp run - sloped at no more
than 1:48 (2%) in either direction;

• Ramps with a rise greater than 30” must have an intermediate landing;

• Landings must be as wide as the ramp run and 60” long minimum;

• When ramps change direction, the landing must have a clear dimension that is 60“ x 60”
minimum. (See Figure 2.1.2 and Section 405.7 in the 2010 Standards.)

• Doorways are permitted adjacent to a ramp landing, but must have the required maneuvering
clearances which are permitted to overlap the required landing area. (See Chapter 6.3 in this
guide for Maneuvering Clearances.)

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2.2 Handrails on Ramps and Walking Surfaces
2.2.1 Typical Handrail 1. Handrails must be provided on both sides of
a ramp when the ramp has a rise of more
than 6” (except for curb ramps). Technical
standards from Section 505 of the 2010
Standards are as follows:
• Handrails must be continuous along the
full length of ramp run. (Figure 2.1.1 and
2010 Standards Sections 505.2 and 505.3)
2.2.2 Handrail and Gripping Surface with Support • The top of the handrails must be 34” to 38”
above the ramp surface. (Figure 2.2.1; 2010
Standards Section 505.4 and Figure 505.4)
• The minimum distance between the
handrail and the wall or other surface
above or below is 1 ½” minimum. (Figure
2.2.2 inset; 2010 Standards Section 505.5
and 505.6 and Figures 505.5 and 505.6)
• The handrail gripping surface must be
continuous and must not be obstructed
along the top or sides. The bottom may
not be obstructed for more than 20% of
the overall length. Horizontal projections
or supports must occur 1 ½” minimum
2.2.3 Typical Non-circular Handrail Gripping Surfaces below the bottom of the gripping surface.
(from the 2010 Standards, Figure 505.7.2) (Figure 2.2.2 inset; 2010 Standards Section
505.6 and Figure 505.6)
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• Handrails must extend 12” minimum
horizontally beyond the top and bottom of
ramp runs. Extensions must return to the
wall, guard, or landing surface and must be
continuous to the handrail of an adjacent
ramp run. If a return is provided on the
handrail extension, as shown in Figure
2.2.1, the bottom edge must be no higher
than 27” AFF so it will not be a protruding
object. (Figure 2.2.2; 2010 Standards
Section 505.10.1 and Figure 505.10.1)
• Handrail gripping surfaces must comply
with standards for circular or non-circular
sections. Circular sections must have an
outside diameter that is 1 ¼ - 2” and non
circular sections may have a perimeter
dimension that is 4” - 6 ¼” and a cross
section dimension of 2 ¼” minimum.
(Figures 2.2.3 and Figure 505.7.2 along with
Section 505.7 in the 2010 Standards which
addresses allowable cross sections for
handrails.)
2. When handrails are provided, but not
required, they must comply with the
requirements stated above. (2010 Standards
Section 403.6.)
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3.
Curb Ramps
3.1 Curb Ramps with Flared Sides
3.2 Returned Curbs
3.3 Inline Curb Ramps
3.4 Diagonal Curb Ramps
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3.1 Curb Ramps with Flared Sides
3.1.1 Curb Ramp with Side Flares
3.1.2 Curb Ramp with Side Flares – Alterations Only
3.1.3 Counter Slope and Gutter Section
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Sections 405 and 406 of the 2010 Standards
requires curb ramps wherever there is a change
of level along the accessible route between the
parking or street level and the walkway. There
are several types of curb ramps for various site
conditions. Types encountered frequently at
hotels include those shown in this chapter:
curb ramps with side flares, returned curbs,
inline or parallel curb ramps, and diagonal curb
ramps. All but the diagonal curb ramps are shown
on the following pages.
All curb ramp types share basic requirements:
a level area at the top, compliant slopes on the
curb ramp, and compliant slopes on flared sides -
where required.
The 2010 Standards do not require detectable
warning, but local jurisdictions may require them.
1. Curb Ramp (Figures 3.1.1, 3.1.2; 2010 Standards
Sections 405.2 through 405.5 and 405.10 and
Figures 406.3 and 406.4)
• A 36” deep minimum level landing is
required at the top of the curb ramp;
• The minimum width for curb ramps is 36”;
• The maximum slope for a curb ramp is 1:12
(8.33%);
• In alterations, when it is not possible to
provide a 1:12 (8.33%) slope, a 1:10 (10%)
slope is allowed if the rise is 6” maximum.
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2. Side Flare (Figures 3.1.1 and 3.1.2; 2010
Standards Section 406.3 and Figure 406.3)
• The side flare slope must be sloped at 1:10
(10%) or less;
• In alterations where there is no landing at
the top of a curb ramp, the side flare slope
must to be 1:12 (8.33%) or less
• When no landing can be provided at the
top of a curb ramp, the preferred alternate
solution is to provide a parallel curb ramp.
(See Chapter 3.3 of this guide.)
3. Counter Slope and Gutters (Figure 3.1.3 and
2010 Standards Section 406.2)
• The slope of surfaces adjacent to curb ramps
such as gutters, parking lots or roadways
must be 1:20 (5%) maximum. Adjacent access
aisles must slope no more than 1:48 (2%) in
any direction as in Figure 3.1.2.
• Transitions must be flush and free of
abrupt changes.
4. Location of Curb Ramps (2010 Standards
Section 405.6)
• Curb ramps must be located so they do not
project into vehicular lanes, parking spaces
or access aisles. (See Chapter 4 of this
guide for parking spaces and access aisles.)
• Curb ramps at marked pedestrian crossings
must be contained wholly between the
markings, excluding any flared sides.
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3.2 Returned Curbs

3.2.1 Returned Curb Ramps 3.2.2 Returned Curb Ramp at Landscaping Returned curbs (non-flared) are permitted for
locations where normal pedestrian traffic moves
in the direction of the curb ramp run as long as
it meets the requirements of Section 406 of the
2010 Standards. They are as follows:

1. Curb Ramp Width and Slope (Figures 3.2.1 and

3.2.2)

• The minimum width for curb ramps is 36”;

• The maximum slope is 1:12 (8.33%), but 1:20

(5%) recommended;

• In alterations, when it is not possible to

provide a 1:12 (8.33%) slope, a 1:10 (10%)
slope is allowed for a maximum vertical
rise of 6”.

2. Landings (Figures 3.2.1 and 3.2.2)

• A 36” long (60” preferred) landing must be

provided at the top and bottom of a curb
ramp with non-flared sides.

3. Gutters and Transitions (Figure 3.1.3 above)

• Transitions must be flush and free of

abrupt changes. The maximum slope of
gutters adjoining the street is 1:20 (5%)
and the slope of the adjoining ramp is 1:12
(8.33%) – the same maximum slope as the
ramp. (See counter slope and gutter diagram
on the preceding page, Chapter 3.1.)

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3.3 Inline Curb Ramps
3.3.1 Inline (Parallel) Curb Ramps Inline or parallel curb ramps are recommended
when the curb ramp occurs in the walkway or
accessible route. This type of curb ramp allows a
person moving along the walkway to encounter
a running slope, but no cross slope – as with a
ramp with flared sides (Figures 3.1.1 and 3.1.2). An
individual using the parallel curb ramp to reach
the street or level of an access aisle can easily turn
in the bottom landing.
This type of curb ramp is not referenced in the
2010 Standards; however, the required slope,
landing and gutter are based on the standards in
Section 406 as follows:
1. Slopes
• Curb ramp running slopes must not exceed
1:12 (8.33%). The maximum slope applies to
both sides if the ramp occurs in the middle
of a sidewalk section, as in Figure 3.3.2.
(Figures 3.3.1 and 3.3.2)
• Curb ramp cross slope must be no greater
than 1:48 (2%). (Figures 3.3.1 and 3.3.2)
3.3.2 Inline (Parallel) Curb Ramp in Two Directions
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2. Landings
• Landings must be provided at the top and
bottom of the ramps. (Figures 3.3.1 and
3.3.2)
• Landings must be no less than 48” long but
60” is recommended. (See Figure 3.3.2.)
• Landings must have a slope no greater
than 1:48 (2%) in either direction. (Figures
3.3.1 and 3.3.2)
3. Gutters and Transition
• Transitions must be flush and free of
abrupt changes. The maximum slope of
gutters adjoining the street is 1:20 (5%) and
the slope of the adjoining curb ramp is 1:12
(8.33%) – the same maximum slope for a
curb ramp. (See Figure 3.1.3.)
• A curb or barrier may be needed at the
back or landscape side of the parallel
curb ramp to retain the soil and provide a
barrier between the curb ramp and other
surface materials as in Figure 3.3.2.
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3.4 Diagonal Curb Ramps

Requirements for diagonal curb ramps are in 2010

Standards Section 406.6.

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4.
Parking Spaces
4.1 Accessible Parking Location
4.2 Standard Accessible Parking Spaces
4.3 Van Accessible Parking
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4.1 Accessible Parking Location

4.1.1 Accessible Parking and Routes to Entrances
4.1.2 Typical Accessible Parking Spaces
Section 208.3 of the 2010 Standards requires
accessible parking spaces to be located on
the shortest accessible route to an accessible
entrance. When parking serves more than one
accessible entrance, accessible parking must be
dispersed and located on the shortest accessible
route to each accessible entrance as shown in
Figure 4.1.1. Van accessible parking is allowed
to be grouped on one level within multi-story
parking facilities.

Accessible parking spaces and access aisles must

be designed so vehicles do not obstruct the clear
width of adjacent accessible routes.

There are two types of accessible parking

spaces: Standard accessible parking spaces and
van accessible spaces as shown in Figures 4.1.2;
2010 Standards Figure 502.2. As explained in the
following sections of this Chapter, van accessible
spaces are larger spaces with overhead clearance
and special signage. The following sections of this
chapter will discuss the scoping and the technical
requirements for both Standard Accessible and
Van Accessible parking spaces and access aisles.

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4.2 Standard Accessible Parking Spaces
4.2.1 Standard Accessible Parking Space and Access Aisle
Standard accessible parking spaces must be
provided based on the total number of parking
spaces. Parking spaces used for valet parking must
be included in this calculation. Table 208.2 in the
2010 Standards provides information about the
number of spaces required and refers to Section
502 for technical standards concerning accessible
spaces and access aisles.
When there is more than one parking lot or
facility on a site, the number of accessible spaces
must be calculated based on the number of accessible
spaces required for each parking lot or facility.
Technical requirements for standard accessible parking
spaces and access aisles are outlined below.
1. Standard Accessible Parking Spaces
• The standard accessible vehicle space is
required to be a minimum of 96” (8’-0”)
wide as indicated in Figure 4.2.1; 2010
Standards Section 502.2 and Figure 502.2;
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4.2.2 Standard Accessible Parking Space and Access Aisle
• The space must be marked to define the width;
• The slope of the parking space is required
to be 1:48 (2%) or less in all directions;
• Each space is required to be identified with
a vertically mounted sign which includes
the International Symbol of Accessibility
complying with 2010 Standards Sections
703.6 and 703.7. Signs must be mounted
at 60” (5’-0”) minimum above the finished
floor or ground surface to the bottom of
the sign. (See Figure 4.2.3.)
2. Access Aisles
• Every accessible space must be adjacent to
an access aisle;
• The standard access aisle is required to be
a 60” (5’- 0”) wide minimum as shown in
Figure 4.2.1; 2010 Standards Section 502.3
and Figure 502.3;
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4.2.3 Signage at Accessible Parking Spaces
• The access aisles must be marked to
discourage parking in them. This area
is shown in Figure 4.2.1; 2010 Standards
Section 502.3 and Figure 502.3;
• The slope of the access aisle is required to
be 1:48 (2%) or less in all directions;
• Access aisles may be located on either side
of the accessible vehicle space;
• Two parking spaces may share one access
aisle except for angled parking spaces
which must have access aisles located on
the passenger side of the spaces (Figure
4.1.2; 2010 Standards Section 502.3.4 and
Figure 502.3);
• Access aisles and parking spaces may not
overlap the vehicular way;
• Access aisles must connect to an accessible
route.
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4.3 Van Accessible Parking
4.3.1 Van Accessible Parking with 60” Access Aisle
4.3.2 Van Accessible Parking with 96” Access Aisle
4.3.3 Diagonal Van Accessible Parking
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Section 208.2.4 of the 2010 Standards requires
one of every six, or fraction of six, accessible
parking spaces to be a van accessible parking
with a compliant access aisle. The technical
requirements are in Section 502.
1. Van Accessible Vehicle Space
• Vehicle spaces for vans must be 132” (11’-
0”) wide minimum. (Figure 4.3.1; 2010
Standards Section 502 and Figure 502.2)
• Each space must be marked to define the
width;
• The slope of the parking space is required
to be 1:48 (2%) or less in all directions;
• Each space is required to be identified with
a vertically mounted sign which includes
the International Symbol of Accessibility
complying with 703.6 and 703.7 and
contains the designation “van accessible”.
Signs must be located 60” (5’-0”) AFF
minimum above the finished floor or
ground surface to the bottom of the sign;
• Van accessible spaces may be 96” wide
minimum when the access aisle is 96” (8’-
0”) wide minimum. (See Figure 4.3.2; 2010
Standards 502.2 Exception)
2. Van Accessible Access Aisle
• The van access aisle is required to be a
minimum of 60” (5’-0”) wide. (Figure 4.3.1;
2010 Standards Figure 502.3)
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• Access aisles are allowed to be 96” wide if
the overall parking and access aisle space
is 16’-0” minimum. (Figure 4.3.2; 2010
Standards 502.2 Exception)
• The slope of the access aisle is required to
be 1:48 (2%) or less in all directions;
• Access aisles may be located on either
side of the parking space. Two spaces may
share one access aisle except at angled
spaces which must have the access aisle
on the passenger side of the vehicle space.
(Figure 4.3.3; 2010 Standards Section
502.3.4)
• Two parking spaces may share one access
aisle unless diagonal spaces are provided
(Figures 4.3.1 and 4.3.2; 2010 Standards
Section 502.3.4 and Figure 502.3)
• Access aisles may not overlap the vehicular
way;
• Access aisles must connect to an accessible
route.
3. Vertical Clearance
• There must be a minimum of 98” AFF
vertical clearance at a van accessible
space, access aisle, and all along the route
connecting the parking facility’s entrance,
parking space, and exit.
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5.
PASSENGER
LOADING ZONES
5.1 Guest Vehicle Loading Zones
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5.1 Guest Vehicle Loading Zones

5.1.1 Vehicle Pull-up Space and Access Aisle
The scope for passenger loading zones is covered
in Section 209 of the 2010 Standards.
Section 209.2.1 requires one compliant passenger
loading zone to allow people to move in and
out of standard vehicles or vans. At least one
compliant passenger loading zone is required for
every 100‘ of continuous loading zone space, or
fraction thereof.
Section 209.4 requires facilities that provide valet
parking services to have at least one compliant
passenger loading zone.
• The vehicle pull-up space and access aisle
must be firm, stable and slip-resistant;
there may be no openings greater than ½”
wide; and grates or elongated openings
must run perpendicular to the main
direction of travel;
• The vertical clearance at the vehicle pull
up space, the access aisle and the space
leading to the vehicle space must be 114”
(9’-6”) high minimum.

1. Passenger loading zones must comply with

the technical standards in Section 503. For
additional information see Figure 5.1.1; 2010
Standards Section 503 and Figure 503.3.

• Vehicular pull-up space(s) must be 96”

(8’-0”) wide minimum and 20‘ long
minimum

• The passenger loading zone access aisle must:

»» adjoin an accessible route,

»» be 60” (5’-0”) wide minimum;
»» be marked;
»» be at the same level as the vehicle pull
up space it serves;

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6.
ENTRANCE AND
INTERIOR DOORS
6.1 Accessible Entrances
6.2 Clear Width
6.3 Maneuvering Clearances
6.4 Thresholds
6.5 Hardware and Operable Parts
6.6 Closing Speed & Opening Force
6.7 Automatic Door Operators
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6.1 Accessible Entrances
6.1.1 Exterior Entrance Doors at Drop-off Area Sections 206.4 and 206.5 of the 2010 Standards
provide the scope for accessible entrances.
Entrances must be on an accessible route
complying with the technical standards in
Section 402 and doors and gates must comply
with technical standards in Section 404.
Accessible entrances must have compliant
hardware, thresholds, opening force, minimum
clear width to allow passage, and maneuvering
clearance to open and move through a doorway.
Accessible doors are required in the following
locations:
1. Public Entrances - 60% of public entrances to
a facility.
2. Parking Structure Entrances – All entrances
where direct pedestrian access is provided
from a parking structure to the building.
3. Additional Entrances – at least one entrance
from tunnels or elevated walkways.
4. Tenant Spaces – at least one entrance to each
tenant space.
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5. Doorways and Gates Providing User Passage
• Each accessible entrance must have at
least one door that compiles with Section
404. (See Chapters 6.2 to 6.7 of this guide.)
• Within a building or facility, at least one
accessible door, doorway or gate must be
provided to each space. (Egress standards
may require more than one accessible
entrance/exit for large spaces. See Chapter
1.5 of this guide.) (2010 Standards Section
206.5.2)
• In transient lodging facilities, all passage
doors into and within guest rooms and
suites that are not required to provide
mobility features must have a 32” minimum
clear width as discussed in Chapters 6.2
and 12. 6 in this guide;
• Doors into and within rooms with mobility
features must comply with Section 404.
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6.2 Clear Width

6.2.1 Typical Clear Width at a Single Door Section 404.2 of the 2010 Standards covers the minimum standards for the width of doors, gates and
passages.

All passage doors in hotels, including non-accessible guest rooms, must have a minimum clear width
which is the minimum width of the open area available for passage – the clear width.

1. Minimum Clear Width

• Compliant doors must have a clear width that is 32” minimum. (Figures 6.2.1 and 6.2.2; 2010
Standards Figure 404.2.3);
• The clear opening is measured from the face of the door to the door stop when the door is open
6.2.2 Clear Width at Sliding and Folding Doors 90 degrees;
• Openings that are more than 24” deep must have a 36” wide clear width. This may apply to a
recessed door or a door located in an alcove. (Figure 6.2.3; 2010 Standards Section 404.2.3);
• There must be no projections into the clear width lower than 34” (i.e. hardware);
• Projections between 34” and 80” AFF must be no greater than 4” (for example, crash bars);
• Double doors: at least one of the active leaves of a doorway with two leaves must have a 32”
clear opening width;

• Revolving doors, gates and turnstiles must not be a part of an accessible route.

6.2.3 Recessed Doors

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6.3 Maneuvering Clearances
6.3.1 Recessed Doors
6.3.2 Front Approach - Push Side
6.3.3 Latch Approach – Push Side
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6.3.4 Hinge Approach – Push Side
Maneuvering Clearances on Push Side
Space is required at a swinging door to allow
space for a person in a wheelchair or with
mobility limitations to move into a location at the
door that allows them to open the door. There
are standards in Section 404.2.4 of the 2010
Standards indicating required clearance to operate
doors from the push and pull side. Each option is
based on clearances necessary depending upon
the approach to the door: front, latch or hinge
side approach. The required clearances may be
greater when the door has a latch and closer.
Recessed Doors and Gates may be recessed or
set back 8” maximum from the face of the wall.
A recess that is no more than 8” deep would not
affect the maneuvering clearance at an accessible
door. The 8” recess is allowed on the push or pull
side of the door. (Figure 6.3.1; 2010 Standards
Section 404.2.4.3)
Following are push side maneuvering clearances
based on the approach to the door.
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1. Front Approach (Figure 6.3.2; 2010 Standards
Figures 404.2.4.1 (b), (c))
• A 48” deep space that is the width of the
door is required at the front of the door if
the door has a latch with no closer, or a
closer without a latch;
• An additional 12” is required on the latch
side of the door when both a closer and a
latch are provided.
2. Latch Side Approach (Figure 6.3.3; 2010
Standards Figures 404.2.4.1 (j) and (k))
• The minimum width approaching the
door is 42” perpendicular to the plane of
the door; and 24” must be provided on the
approach side of the latch;
• The perpendicular width increases to 48”
if the door has a closer; and 24” must be
provided on the approach side of the latch.
3. Hinge Side Approach (Figure 6.3.4; 2010
Standards Figures 404.2.4.1 (f) and (g))
• The minimum width approaching the door
is 42” perpendicular to the plane of the
door; and the maneuvering clearance must
extend 22” beyond the hinge side;.
• The perpendicular width increases to 48” if
the door has both a latch and closer; and
the maneuvering clearance must extend
22” beyond the hinge side.
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6.3.5 Front Approach - Pull Side 6.3.7 Latch Approach– Pull Side
6.3.6 Hinge Approach – Pull Side (minimum clearances
allowed depending upon walkway width provided)
Maneuvering Clearance on Pull Side
The following description and diagrams on the
left illustrate the required pull side maneuvering
clearances required in Section 404.2.4 of the
2010 Standards. Variations in maneuvering
clearances are based on the approach to the door,
space available on the latch side, the dimension
from the door to the opposite wall and whether
or not the door has a latch and closing device.
Section 404.2.4.2 provides requirements for
sliding and folding doors used as passage doors.
The requirements and variations of pull side
maneuvering clearances are as follows:
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1. Front Approach (Figure 6.3.5: 2010 Standards
Figure 404.2.4.1(a))
• The required total width of the
maneuvering clearance is the door width
plus 18” past the latch side of the door;
• The depth of the clearance must be 60”
from the plane of the wall with the door to
any barrier;
• This standard is the same for doors with or
without latches and closers.
2. Hinge Side Approach (Figure 6.3.6; 2010
Standards Figure 404.2.4.1(d) and (e))
• The minimum perpendicular dimension
is 60” when the clearance along the wall
beyond the door latch is 36” maximum;
• The minimum perpendicular dimension is
54” if there is 42” minimum clearance along
the wall beyond the door latch.
3. Latch Side Approach (Figure 6.3.7; 2010
Standards Figure 404.2.4.1(h) and (i))
• The minimum perpendicular dimension is
48” with 24” minimum clearance along the
wall beyond the door latch;
• The minimum perpendicular dimension
increases to 54” when the door has a closer;
• In both cases the clearance along the
wall beyond the door latch must be 24”
minimum.
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6.4 Thresholds

6.4.1 Typical Threshold Section 404.2.5 of the 2010 Standards requires the height of thresholds to be limited to the same
standard as changes in level along an accessible route. (See Sections 403.4 and 303.). The threshold
standards also apply to transition strips between dissimilar floor finishes. The requirements address the
maximum rise and slope.

1. Abrupt Thresholds and Transitions

• A vertical or abrupt rise is limited to ¼”. (Figures 6.4.1 and 1.3.1; 2010 Standards Sections 404.2.5
and 303)

2. Beveled Thresholds and Transitions

• Thresholds and transitions may be ½” when the edge is beveled at 1:2. (See Figures 6.4.1 and 1.3.2;
2010 Standards Section 303)

• Door thresholds and transitions are not allowed to exceed ½”.

• Existing or altered thresholds that are ¾” high may remain if there is a sloped rise beveled at 1:2
minimum.

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6.5 Hardware and Operable Parts

6.5.1 Typical Door Hardware for a Swing Doors Section 404.2.7 of the 2010 Standards requires all door hardware to comply with the standards for
operable parts which is found in Section 309.4. Handles, pulls, latches, locks and other operable parts on
doors and gates must be complaint. The requirements in both sections are as follows:

1. Operable parts of any hardware must be located between 34” minimum and 48” maximum AFF.

2. When sliding doors are in the open position, the operating hardware must be exposed and usable
from both sides (except at the inside of closet doors that are not intended for passage).

3. Operable parts must be operable with one hand and must not require tight grasping, pinching or
twisting of the wrist.

4. Operable parts must not require more than 5 pounds of pressure to activate.

5. Latches on gates for a pool, spa or hot tub may have the operating part located at 54” AFF if they are
self-latching devices and are not operated with a key, electronic opener or combination lock.

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6.6 Closing Speed & Opening Force
6.6.1 Typical Door Closing Device
6.6.2 Door Pressure Gage
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Sections 404.2.8 Closing Speed and 404.2.9
Door and Gate Opening Force of the 2010
Standards requires doors and gates to be adjusted
so the closing speed will allow sufficient time for
a person to move through a door or gate before it
closes and an opening force that will not prevent
a person from opening a door.
Closing speed is measured as the time it takes for
a door to close from an open position. Opening
force is measured by the force necessary to
bring a door to the open position. Figure 6.6.2
demonstrates use of a door pressure gauge to
measure door opening force.
Only interior doors are covered by the 2010
Standards. Interior fire doors are not included
since the opening force for fire doors is typically
governed by the appropriate administrative
authority. Guest room doors are typically
considered to be fire doors and must be adjusted
to provide the proper force for safety and ease of
operation.
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1. Closing speed standards for doors and gates
are as follows:
• Closing devices must be adjusted to take
5 seconds minimum for the door to close
from an open position of 90 degrees to
within 12 degrees of the door latch;
• Spring hinges must be adjusted to take 1.5
seconds minimum to move from an open
position of 70 degrees to the closed position.
2. Opening force to push or pull doors and gates
- other than fire doors and exterior building
doors - must meet the following standards:
• Interior doors and gates must have a
maximum force of 5 pounds;
• Interior sliding or folding doors must have
a maximum force of 5 pounds;
• These forces do not apply to the force
necessary to retract latch bolts or
disengage the latch or devices that hold
the door or gate closed. (See Chapter 6.5 of
this guide Hardware and Operable Parts.)
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6.7 Automatic Door Operators
6.7.1 Typical Door Operator Location
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Section 404.3 of the 2010 Standards provides • Doors must have compliant thresholds.
standards for automatic and power assisted doors (Figure 6.4.1)
and gates. The 2010 Standards do not require
automatic operators; however, they are required • Doors in series must be separated by a
by many local codes at entrances to buildings. distance of 4’-0” as with other doors.
Section 404.3 of the 2010 Standards requires fully 2. Actuator or Control Location
powered automatic doors to comply with ANSI/
• The automatic door operator and adjacent
BHMA A156.10-1985 and low-energy and power
clear floor space must be located outside
assisted doors to comply with ANSI/BHMA A
the swing of the door;
156.12 (1997 or 2002 edition). Door must also meet
the following standards: • The operator must be within reach range
(between 15” and 48” above the surface)
1. Automatic Door Standards
and there must be a 30” x 48” minimum
• The door clear opening width must be no level space at the operator;
less than 32” as with other doors including
• The operator must be operable with one
break out type doors. (Figures 6.2.1 &
hand without tight grasping or twisting of
6.2.3; 2010 Standards Sections 404.2.3 and
the wrist;
404.3.1)
• The force required to activate the operator
• Door maneuvering clearance must be
must be no more than 5 pounds.
provided on the push and pull side of
doors and gates that are power assisted
or are automatic without standby power.
(Figures 6.3.1 - 6.3.7; 2010 Standards Figure
404.2.4.1)
• There is an exception for the maneuvering
clearance only if the doors remain open
in the power-off mode (2010 Standards
Section 404.3.2);
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7.
Registration and
service counters
7.1 Registration and Service Counters

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7.1 Registration and Service Counters
7.1.1 Elevation and Plan with Parallel Approach Section 227.3 of the 2010 Standards provides
scoping for sales and service counters. There
must be one accessible counter for each type of
counter provided. If sales and services (retail and
registration) counters are dispersed throughout
the facility, accessible counters must also be
dispersed throughout.
Section 904.4 of the 2010 Standards provides
the requirements for accessible sales and service
counters, as follows:
1. General requirements
• Accessible portions of the counter must
be adjacent to an accessible route. See
7.1.2 Elevation and Plan with Forward Approach Chapter 1 of this guide or Section 403 of
the 2010 Standards;
• The accessible portion of the counter must
be the same depth as the sales or service
counter top. The Department of Justice
has clarified that the accessible portion of
the counter must be the same depth as
the customer side portion of the sales or
service countertop.
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2. Parallel Approach (Figure 7.7.1; 2010 Standards
Figure 904.4)
• If parallel approach to the counter is
planned a section of the counter must be
provided that is 36” long minimum and 36”
high maximum;
• A clear floor space that is 30” x 48”
positioned for parallel approach must be
provided at the compliant section of counter
and adjacent to an accessible route.
3. Forward Approach (Figure 7.1.2)
• If a forward approach is planned a portion
of the counter must be provided that is 30”
long minimum and 36’ high maximum;
• Clear floor space that is 30” x 48” for
forward approach must be provided at the
compliant section of the counter;
• Knee and toe space must be provided
below the counter surface in compliance
with Section 306 of the 2010 Standards. The
minimum dimensions of the knee and toe
space are: 27” high, 30” wide and 17” deep.
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8.
PUBLIC TOILET AND
BATHING FACILITIES
8.1 Scope, Clearances and Turning Space
8.2 Toilet Compartments: Standard and Ambulatory Stalls
8.3 Water Closets
8.4 Urinals
8.5 Lavatories and Sink
8.6 Grab Bars
8.7 Dispensers and Accessories
8.8 Signage
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8.1 Scope, Clearances and Turning Space

8.1.1 Toilet with Standard and Ambulatory Stalls
Section 213 of the 2010 Standards is the scoping
section for accessible public and common use
toilet and bathing facilities.
An accessible toilet or bathing room must have
an accessible entrance, turning space, at least
one accessible fixture of each type (water
closet, lavatory, urinal, shower or bathtub),
dispensers, mirrors, and required clearances at
fixtures and dispensers.
Section 603 of the 2010 Standards provides
technical standards for toilet and bathing rooms
that are required to be accessible. These standards
apply to single and multi-use toilet and bathing
rooms and provide requirements for door
clearances, turning space, clear floor space at
fixtures, controls and dispensers. Toilet and bathing
rooms must also be on an accessible route.

If coat hooks and shelves or lockers are provided,

at least one or 5% (Section 225) must be
within reach range with clear floor space on an
accessible route (Section 603.4). Dispensers,
hooks and shelves must not protrude more than
4” into the circulation route unless there is a
fixed barrier below or if the bottom edge is at 27”
AFF or less (Section 309). Mirrors located above
the lavatory must have the lower edge of the
reflecting surface no higher than 40” above the
floor (Section 603.3).

Where there are multiple toilet compartments,

at least one must comply with the standards for a
standard accessible stall which are found in Section
604.8.1. If there are six or more compartments
and/or urinals, an additional stall must meet the
standards for an ambulatory stall which are found
in Section 604.8.2. (See Figure 8.1.1.)

Where multiple single user toilet rooms are

clustered in a single location, no more than 50%
are required to meet accessibility standards.

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8.1.2 Typical Public Toilet Room
8.1.3 Typical Single Occupancy Toilet Room
8.1.4 T-Shaped Turn in Toilet Room
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1. Clearances (Figures 8.1.2 and 8.1.3)
• Turning space must be provided. (See Item
3 below for “Accessible Turning Space”.)
• Required clearances must be provided at
each fixture. (See Item 2 below.)
• Fixture clearances, clear floor space and
turning space may overlap;
• Doors may swing into the turning space;
• Doors may not swing into the clear floor
space for any fixture, except in single user
toilet rooms when there is clear floor
space outside the swing of the door;
• Doors must comply with standards for
clear opening, maneuvering clearance,
thresholds, opening force and closing
speed, and hardware. (See Chapter 6 of
this guide.)
2. Clear Floor Space at Fixtures (Figures 8.1.2
and 8.1.3)
• Clear floor space is required at each
accessible fixture. (See appropriate
sections in the 2010 Standards for
clearances at each type of fixture: Section
604.3 for toilet clearances, Section 605.3
for urinals, Section 606.2 for lavatories
and sinks, and Section 608.2 for shower
compartments.)
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• Clear floor space at fixtures, controls, and
turning space may overlap;
• The accessible knee space under a lavatory
or vanity can be part of the required
turning space in the toilet room when a
60” diameter (minimum) circle provides
the turning space;
• The accessible knee space under a lavatory
or vanity can also be part of the turning
space for a t-shaped space, but only if the
knee and toe space includes either one
arm or the base.
3. Accessible Turning Space
• Either a T-shaped or 60” diameter turning
space must be provided. The turning space
may include compliant knee space under a
counter or the vanity as described in Item 2
above. (Figure 8.1.4; 2010 Standards Figure
304.3.2)
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8.2 Toilet Compartments: Standard and Ambulatory Stalls

8.2.1 Typical Standard Toilet Compartment
Toilet Compartments – Standard
Section 604 of the 2010 Standards requires at
least one standard accessible toilet compartment
(i.e., stall):
1. Compartment size (Figure. 8.2.1; 2010
Standards Section 604.8.1.1 and Figure
604.8.1.1)
• The standard accessible compartments
are required to be 60” wide and 59” deep
minimum;
• If a wall hung water closet is provided,
the depth of the compartment may be 56”
minimum.
• Compartment door hardware cannot
require tight pinching, tight grasping or
twisting of the wrist to operate;
Door must have accessible interior pull hardware
and must be self closing.
3. End of Row Compartment (Figure 8.2.2 and
the 2010 Standards Figure 604.8.1.2)
• When the accessible compartment is
located at the end of the row, the door
may swing into the compartment if the
compartment is increased by a minimum
of 36”.

2. Compartment Doors (Figure 8.2.1; 2010

Standards Section 604.8.1.2 and Figure
8.2.2 End of Row Toilet Compartment 604.8.1.2.)

• Doors must have 32” clear opening

and may not swing into the minimum
compartment area;

• The door may be located on the front or

side wall, but must be located farthest
from the toilet and must swing out as
shown in Figure 8.2.1;

• The door must have maneuvering

clearance from the outside and if
approached from the latch side, the
clearance between the door and any
obstruction must be 42” minimum. (See
8.2.1 and 2010 Standards Section 604.8.1.2.)

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8.2.3 Toe Clearance 4. Toe Clearance (Figure 8.2.3; 2010 Standards Figure 604.8.1.4)

• A minimum toe clearance of 9” is required under the front partition and at least one side partition
in accessible compartments. The clearance must extend 6” beyond the compartment partition
exclusive of the partition support;

• Toe clearance at the front partition is not required in a compartment that is 62” deep with a wall-
hung water closet or 65” with a floor-mounted water closet. Toe clearance at the side partition is
not required if the compartment is 66” deep min.

5. Grab Bars (Figures 8.2.1 and 8.2.2)

• A 36” minimum long grab bar must be located on the rear wall with the inside end 6” maximum
from the side wall;

• A 42” minimum long grab bar must be located on the side wall with the inside end 12” maximum
and the leading end 54” minimum from the rear wall;

• See Chapter 8.6 of this manual for technical standards and mounting height for grab bars.

6. Dispensers must not interfere with grab bars. (Figure. 8.6.1; 2010 Standards Figure 609.3)

• The centerline of the toilet paper dispenser must be located 7” to 9” from the front of the water
closet and 15” AFF minimum and 48” AFF maximum;

• Toilet paper dispensers must not interfere with grab bars. Locate dispensers at least 1½” below or
12” above the grab bar.

7. Hooks and Shelves (2010 Standards Section 604.8.3)

• If coat hooks are provided, one must be within reach range – no higher than 48” AFF. (Section
308 of the 2010 Standards.)

• If shelves are provided, they must be between 40” and 48” AFF.

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8.2.4 Typical Ambulatory Compartment Ambulatory Accessible Compartment
In Section 213.3.1 of the 2010 Standards the
scoping standards require ambulatory stalls
in addition to the standard stall when there
are six or more toilet compartments or where
the combination of urinals and water closets
equals six or more. Section 604.8.2 provides
the technical standards for ambulatory
compartments. The compartment size, water
closet, grab bar, door and dispenser requirements
are as follows and as indicted in Figure 8.2.4 and
2010 Standards Figure 604.8.2:
1. Compartment size
• Ambulatory stalls are required to be 60”
deep minimum and 35” – 37” wide.
2. Compartment Doors
• The minimum clear opening width of an
ambulatory accessible compartment door
is 32”;
• The compartment door must swing out;
• The door must have maneuvering
clearance from the outside and if
approached from the latch side, the
clearance between the door and an
opposite wall or other obstruction must be
42” minimum;
• Compartment door hardware cannot
require tight pinching, tight grasping or
twisting of the wrist to operate;
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• The door must be self closing with a door
pull on both sides, near the latch.
3. Hooks and Shelves
• If coat hooks are provided, one must be
within reach range – no higher than 48”
AFF. (Section 308 of the 2010 Standards.)
• If shelves are provided, they must be
between 40” and 48” AFF.
4. Grab Bars
• A 42” minimum long grab bar must be
located on both side walls with the inside
end 12” maximum and the leading end no
less than 54” from the rear wall.
• See Chapter 8.6 of this manual for
technical standards and mounting height
for grab bars.
5. Toilet paper dispenser requirements
• The centerline of the toilet paper dispenser
must be located 7” to 9” from the front of
the water closet and 15” minimum AFF and
48” maximum AFF;
• Toilet paper dispensers must not interfere
with grab bars. Locate dispensers at least
1½” below or 12” above the grab bar.
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8.3 Water Closets
8.3.1 Water Closet Clearance Section 604 of the 2010 Standards provides
standards for water closets and required
clearance.
1. Water Closet Location (Figure 8.3.1 and 8.3.2;
2010 Standards Figure 604.2(a))
• The water closet must be positioned on
a wall or partition to the rear and at one
side;
• The centerline of an accessible water
closet in a standard stall is required to be
16” to 18” from the sidewall or partition;
8.3.2 Water Closet and Grab Bar Elevations the centerline of the water closet in an
ambulatory stall must be 17” to 19” from the
side walls or partitions;
• The seat height for an accessible water
closet must be 17” – 19” AFF measured to
the top of the seat.
2. Clearances (Figure 8.3.1; 2010 Standards
Section 604.3 and Figure 604.3.1)
• The clearance around the water closet
must be 60” minimum along the back wall
and 56” minimum along the side wall; (see
8.3.3 Water Closet and Grab Bar Elevations
Chapter 8.2 of this guide for additional
side wall clearance requirements at toilet
compartment.)
• No other fixtures, including the lavatory
may intrude into the required clearance.
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3. Flush Valve (Figure 8.3.2; 2010 Standards
Figure 604.5.2)
• The flush valve actuator is required to be
mounted on the wide side of the toilet and
may be mounted no higher than 44” AFF;
• It is recommended that the flush valve be
mounted at less than 32” AFF so it will be
located below the rear grab bar.
4. Grab Bars (See requirements for Standard and
Ambulatory Compartments in Chapter 8.2 of
this Guide, Figures 8.3.2 and 8.3.3 and 2010
Standards Figures 604.5.1 and 604.5.2.)
5. Toilet Paper Dispenser (See requirements for
Standard and Ambulatory Compartments in
Chapter 8.2 of this Guide, Figures 8.6.1 and
8.3.3, and 2010 Standards Figure 604.7.)
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8.4 Urinals

8.4.1 Typical Urinal Section and Elevation
Section 213.3.3 in the scoping section of the 2010 3. Flush Controls (Figure 8.4.1; 2010 Standards
Standards requires one accessible urinal where Section 605.4)
more than one urinal is provided. If only one urinal
is provided, it is not required to be accessible if • Flush Controls may be hand controlled or
there is an accessible toilet compartment. automatic:

Section 605 of the 2010 Standards provides »» If flush controls are hand controlled,
technical standards for an accessible urinal and they should be operable with a closed
clear floor space around it. The accessible urinal fist and require no more than 5 pounds
must be located on an accessible route and must of force to operate;
meet the following standards:
»» Hand controls must be mounted no
1. Mounting Height (Figure 8.4.1; 2010 Standards more than 48” AFF.
Figure 605.2)
8.4.2 Clear Floor Space
• The rim is required to be 17” maximum AFF;

• Either a wall hung or stall type urinal may

be used;

• The urinal must project 13 ½” from the rear

wall to the outer face.

2. Clear Floor Space (Figure 8.4.2)

• Clear floor space that is 30” wide x 48”

deep is required at the accessible urinal for
forward approach;

• When urinal shields or side panels are

provided or if the urinal is an alcove the
depth of the space is a consideration.
If the space is more than 24” deep, the
clear width must be at least 36” wide.
(See Section 305.7.1 of the 2010 Standards
Forward Approach.)

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8.5 Lavatories and Sink
8.5.1 Section at Lavatory with Knee & Toe Space Section 213.3.4 in the scoping section of the 2010
Standards requires at least one accessible lavatory
or sink where lavatories and sinks are provided.
This applies to toilet rooms and kitchens or
kitchenettes. In toilet rooms the lavatory may not
be located in the accessible toilet compartment
(except in single occupancy toilet rooms). Section
606 provides the technical standards for an
accessible lavatory or sink. The following features,
clearances and dimensions must be provided:
1. Mounting Height (Figures 8.5.1 and 8.5.2)
• The top of the lavatory or sink and
countertop is required to be mounted at
a maximum of 34” AFF. The 34” dimension
is measured to the rim of the sink or the
counter (as with sinks mounted under the
counter), whichever is higher;
8.5.2 Section at Kitchenette with Side Approach
• Elongated hospital style lavatories are not
required and are not recommended.
2. Clear Floor Space
• Clear floor space for forward approach
must be provided at the lavatory or sink.
Kitchenettes that do not have cooking
equipment are exceptions and may provide
side approach at the sink;
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• 27” knee space clearance must extend a
minimum of 8” under the lavatory or sink.
Toe clearance starts 11” back from the front
edge of the sink or vanity, must be 9” high
minimum and must extend back 17” to
25” back from the front edge of the sink
or vanity.. (Figure 8.5.1; 2010 Standards
Figures 306.2 and 306.3)
• The 27” knee space is measured from the
bottom of the bowl, not the overflow.
3. Insulated Piping
• Water supply and drain lines must be
insulated or configured to protect against
contact.
4. Faucets
• The lavatory and sink faucets are required
to have controls that are operable without
tight grasping, pinching, or twisting of the
wrist. Electronically controlled mechanisms
are acceptable and must remain open for
ten seconds minimum.
5. Mirror
• The reflecting surface of mirrors above the
lavatory or countertop is required to be a
maximum of 40” AFF. Mirrors that are not
over a lavatory or countertop must have
the reflecting surface at 35” AFF max. (2010
Standards Section 603.3)
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8.6 Grab Bars
8.6.1 Grab Bars with Required Clearances Section 609 of the 2010 Standards provides
standards for grab bars which are required for
accessible water closets and toilet compartments,
ambulatory compartments, and accessible
bathtubs and shower compartments. The
following grab bar standards are common to all
these elements; however the length and location
of the grab bars for each of these elements must
be found in the section that deals with standards
for each element. Following are the standards
that are common to al grab bars for accessible
elements in toilet and bathing rooms:
1. The grab bar cross section must be as follows
and as shown in Figure 8.6.2 and 2010
Standards Figure 609.2.2:
8.6.2 Typical Grab Bar Cross Section • Circular grab bars must have an outside
diameter of 1¼” – 2” maximum;
• Non-circular grab bars may have a cross
section with a perimeter from 4” to 4.8”
max.;
• Grab bars must be located so there is a
space between the grab bar and mounting
wall of 1½”. This is an exact dimension.
2. Grab bar mounting:
• All grab bars (except the lower grab bar
on the back wall of the bathtub) must
be mounted in a horizontal position and
located between 33” and 36” AFF measured
to the top of the gripping surface;
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• The lower grab bar on the back wall of the
bathtub must be 8” - 10” above the rim of
the tub;
• Grab bars must not rotate in their fittings;
• Grab bars may be installed in any manner
that provides the gripping surface and
location required, as long as the installation
does not obstruct required clear floor
space;
• Grab bars and their fasteners must support
a vertical or horizontal force of 250 pounds
minimum;
• In toilet compartments or rooms,
dispensers must be located 1 ½” below or
12” above grab bars. (See Figure 8.6.1 and
the 2010 Standards Figure 609.3.)
• Split grab bars are allowed at wall
mounted water closets where a high
flush valve is provided in existing facilities.
However, a flush valve below the grab bars
is recommended;
• Vertical grab bars may be required by local
standards, but are not required in the 2010
Standards.
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8.7 Dispensers and Accessories
8.7.1 Reach Range for Dispensers & Controls
8.7.2 Forward and Side Reach Ranges
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Section 205 in the scoping portion of the 2010
Standards requires operable parts on accessible
elements along accessible routes and in accessible
rooms to comply with the standards in technical
standards in Section 309. Section 309 requires
compliance with Sections 305 and 308 which
define clear floor space and reach range.
Operable parts on dispensers and accessories in
the toilet rooms and in guest rooms must meet
the technical standards in Sections 305, 308 and
309. Elements include switches, outlets, soap
and towel dispensers, controls for thermostat
and window coverings, and similar elements. The
standards are:
1. Clear Floor Space (Figure 8.7.2)
• A 30” x 48” clear floor space for forward or
side approach must be provided at one of
each type of accessory;
• Knee and toe clearance under lavatories
or vanities may be part of the clear floor
space.
2. Forward and Side Reach Range (Figures 8.7.1
and 8.7.2; 2010 Standards Figures 308.2.1 and
308.2.2 )
• 48” AFF is the maximum height for the
operable part(s) of accessories;
• 15” AFF is the minimum height;
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• If it is necessary to reach over a counter or
sink, the reach height is reduced. Forward
approach over an obstruction that is
between 20” and 25” deep is 44”maximum
AFF;
• If side reach is provided over an obstruction
that is between 10” and 24” deep, the
maximum reach range is 46” AFF.
3. Operable parts
• Operable parts or controls for accessories
must be operable with one hand without
tight grasping or twisting of the wrist;
• The force required to operate the parts
must be no greater than 5 pounds.
4. Changing Tables and Counters
• The top of the changing table in the usable
position must be no more than 34” AFF;
• The knee space under the changing table
in the usable position is required to be a
minimum of 27” AFF;
• It is recommended that the changing
station not be located within the accessible
toilet compartment to avoid the changing
table being a protruding object.
• The cane detectable portion of the
changing table, when in the down position,
must not be more than 27” AFF.
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8.8 Signage

8.8.1 Height of Raised Characters Section 216 of the 2010 Standards provides Standards for permanent room identification
scoping for interior and exterior signs for signs:
permanent rooms and spaces. Section 216.2
requires signs that designate permanent 1. Raised Characters (Figures 8.8.1 and 8.8.2;
rooms and spaces to comply with the technical 2010 Standards Figures 703.3.2 and 703.4.1)
standards in Sections 703.1, 703.2 and 703.5.
• Characters are required to be raised 1/32”,
These sections provide standards for visual and
upper case, sans serif and no unusual
tactile characters apply to this type of sign.
forms. The height of the characters is
Section 216.2 also requires pictograms, when required to be 5/8” minimum and 2”
provided, to comply with Section 703.6. Such maximum.;
signs must also have text descriptions that comply
• Standards for character height and
with Section 703.2 and 703.5. (See Figure 8.8.5
proportion, stroke thickness, and character
and 703.7.2.1 in the 2010 Standards.)
and line spacing are found in Section 703.2;
8.8.2 Position of Braille Compliant non-tactile directional or informational
• Raised characters must be duplicated in
signage may provide directions or instructions
Braille which is to be positioned 3/8” below
about hotel operations or rules. This type of
the entire text and 3/8” above a raised edge
signage is not covered in this section.
or decorative element;
Room designation signs at toilet and bathing
• Grade 2 Braille must be used. Dimensions
rooms are required to have raised characters and
and capitalization are found in Section
Braille and contrasting letters as described below.
703.3.1 of the 2010 Standards.
Pictograms are not required (but recommended)
in new construction where all toilet and bathing
rooms must be accessible.

The International Symbols of Accessibility are

required where multiple single user toilet rooms
are clustered together since only 50% are required
to be accessible. The International Symbols of
Accessibility are also required at accessible toilet
and bathing rooms in existing facilities, where not
all the toilet and bathing rooms are accessible.

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8.8.3 Tactile Sign Location on Latch Sign of Door Sections 703.2 and 703.3 of the 2010 Standards
requires signs with raised characters and Braille to
be installed in accordance with Section 703.4.
Section 703.6 of the 2010 Standards provides the
technical standards for pictograms. The scoping
requirements are addressed in the preceding part
of this section.
Following are the technical standards for
installation height and location of room
identification signs and pictograms:
8.8.4 Tactile Sign Location outside Swing of Door
1. Sign Mounting Height and Location (Figures
8.8.3 and 8.8.4; 2010 Standards Figure 703.4.1)
• Room identification signs are required to
be located so the baseline of the lowest
row of tactile characters is at 48” AFF
minimum and the baseline of the highest
row of characters is at 60” AFF maximum;
8.8.5 Typical Pictogram • Where tactile signs are provided at a single
door, the sign must be located on the latch
side of the door;
• Where tactile signs are provided at double
doors with one active leaf, the sign must
be located on the inactive leaf;
• Where tactile signs are provided at double
doors where both doors are active, the sign
must be located to the right of the right
hand door;
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• If adequate wall space is not provided on
the latch side of the door, the signage is
required to be provided on the nearest
adjacent wall;
• Signs with tactile letters must be located
so they are beyond the swing of the door.
The standard requires the sign to be
centered on an 18” x 18”clear space on the
latch side of the door. The centerline of the
tactile characters must be centered on that
space as in the diagram to the left;
• Signs are permitted on the push side of the
door, but only if the door has a closer and
does not have a hold-open device.
2. Pictogram Standards (Figure 8.8.5; 2010
Standards Figure 703.6.1)
• Pictograms must be located in a field that
is 6” high minimum with no characters or
Braille within;
• The field must have a non-glare finish and
must contract with the pictogram.
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9.
Restaurants
9.1 Table Distribution for Dining and Work Areas
9.2 K nee and Toe Clearance for Dining and Work Surfaces
9.3 Food Service Areas

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9.1 Table Distribution for Dining and Work Areas

9.1.1 Dining or Work Table with Knee Clearance
The scoping section of the 2010 Standards that addresses dining and work surfaces is Section 226.
Dining surfaces include bars, tables, lunch counters, and booths. Work surfaces include writing surfaces
and baby changing tables or tables used for personal grooming. This section requires 5% of the seating
and standing spaces at these surfaces to comply with the technical standards in Section 902. Section
226.2 requires the accessible dining and work surfaces to be dispersed throughout the space or facility.

1. Distribution

• 5% of dining surfaces for standing or seated dining must be compliant

• 5% of work surfaces must be compliant

• Compliant dining and work surfaces must be dispersed throughout the space and throughout the
types of surfaces or areas provided for dining or work purposes.

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9.2 Knee and Toe Clearance for Dining and Work Surfaces

9.2.1 Toe Clearance at a Table with a Pedestal Sections 902.2 and 902.3 provide technical standards for dining and work surfaces.

1. Clear Floor Space

• A clear floor space that is 30” x 48” must be provided for forward approach.

• The top of the table or counter surface must be between 28” and 34” high.

• Knee and toe clearance complying with Section 306 must be provided. This means that there
must be a clear space that is 30” wide, 17” deep, and 27” high under the table. (Many pedestal
base designs block knee and toe clearance. For example, if the pedestal base extends into the
17” minimum space required for toe space and is higher than ¼” it will interfere with the toe
clearance. (See 2010 Standards Section 306.2.)

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9.3 Food Service Areas
9.3.1(a) Forward Reach – Unobstructed
9.3.1(b) Forward Reach – Obstructed
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Section 227.4 of the 2010 Standards requires food service lines (e.g. buffets) to be accessible. Because
counters in meeting rooms may be used to set up self-service buffets, it is highly recommended that
such counters be made to comply with the height requirements discussed in this section. At least 50%
(but no fewer than one of each type) of self-service shelves and dispensing devices for tableware,
dishware, condiments, food and beverages must be within accessible reach ranges. Tray slides must
meet specific height requirements. Section 904.5 provides the technical standards for these elements
and Section 308 provides the accessible reach ranges.
See Chapter 6 for the requirements that apply to check-out counters where food and beverages are
purchased.
1. Counter Height
• Self-service counters or tray slides – if provided - must be located between 28” to 34” AFF.
2. Accessible Reach Ranges for Self-Service Shelves and Dispensing Devices
• A minimum clear floor space of 30” x 48” must be provided at the counter allowing either a
forward or side approach;
• The accessible reach range for a forward approach is 15” to 48” above the floor when the reach is
not over an obstruction (see Figure 9.3.1(a), 2010 Standards Section 308.2.1 and Figure 308.2.1);
• The accessible reach range for a forward approach when a person must reach over an
obstruction for a depth of up to 20” is 15” to 48” as long as there is knee and toe space beneath
the obstruction (see Figure 9.3.1(b); 2010 Standards Section 308.2.2 and Figure 308.2.2);
• The accessible reach range for a forward approach when a person must reach between 20”
and 25” over an obstruction is 15” to 44” above the floor, as long as there is knee and toe space
beneath the obstruction (see Figure 9.3.1(b); 2010 Standards Section 308.2.2 and Figure 308.2.2).
• If there is a side approach and there is no obstruction such as a counter to reach over, the
accessible reach range is 15” to 48” above the floor for up to a depth of 10” (see Figure 9.3.2(a);
2010 Standards Section 308.3.1 and Figure 308.3.1);
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9.3.2(a) Side Reach – Obstructed • If there is a side approach but a person must reach over a counter or other obstruction, the
top of the counter or obstruction cannot be more than 34” high. The accessible reach range in
this instance is 15” to 48” above the floor for a depth of up to 10”. The accessible reach range is
decreased to 15” to 46” above the floor if the reach depth is 10” to 24”. (see Figure 9.3.2(b); 2010
Standards Section 308.3.2 and Figure 308.3.2);

• If there is a side approach to the self-service items then it is not necessary to provide an
accessible forward approach. However, if a side approach cannot be provided, then the counters
must comply with forward reach ranges;

9.3.2(b) Side Reach – Obstructed

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10.
Guest Rooms
10.1 Guest Rooms – Scope for rooms
with Mobility and Hearing Features
10.2 Guest Rooms with Mobility Features
10.3 Operable Controls
10.4 Turning Space
10.5 Storage
10.6 Desks
10.7 Operable Windows and Shades
10.8 Bathing Rooms
10.9 Lavatories and Vanities
10.10 Water Closets
10.11 Bathtubs
10.12 Showers and Shower Seats
10.13 Guest Rooms with Hearing Features
10.14 Visible Alarms
10.15 Notification Devices
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10.1 Guest Rooms – Scope for rooms

with Mobility and Hearing Features

10.1.1 Required Guest Rooms with Mobility Features Section 224 of the 2010 Standards provides Section 224.1.2 requires all entrances, doors and
Total Number Minimum Number Minimum Number Total Number of
requirements for the number of hotel rooms that doorways that provide passage into and within
of Guest of Required Rooms of Required Required Rooms must have mobility features and communications guest rooms to have a minimum 32” clear opening
Rooms without Roll-in Rooms with
Provided Showers Roll-in Showers features for the deaf or hard of hearing. The in compliance with Section 404.2.3. This means
1 to 25 1 0 1 required number of rooms for each type is based that all passage doors in all guest rooms must
26 to 50 2 0 2
on the total number of rooms provided in new have 32” minimum clear openings - including
construction. In alterations the total number doors in rooms that do not have mobility features.
51 to 75 3 1 4
of rooms required is based on the number
76 to 100 4 1 5
being altered. (See the Tables 10.1.1 and 10.1.2 Information about rooms with mobility features
101 to 150 5 2 7 or 224.2 or 224.4 in the 2010 Standards for the can be found in Chapter 10.2 through 10.10 of
151 to 200 6 2 8 required number of rooms with Mobility and this guide. Information about guest rooms with
201 to 300 7 3 10 Communication Features and Section 806 for the communication features can be found in Chapters
301 to 400 8 4 12 technical standards.) 10.13 through 10.15 of this guide. Information
about passage doors for non-mobility guest
401 to 500 9 4 13
Guest rooms with mobility and communications rooms can be found in Chapter 6.2.
501 to 1000 2 percent of total 1 percent of 3 percent of
total total
features must be dispersed among the various
classes of guest rooms, and must provide choices
1001 and 20, plus 1 for each 10, plus 1 for 30, plus 2 for
over 100, or fraction each 100, or each 100, or that include types of guest rooms, number of
thereof, over 1000 fraction thereof, fraction thereof, beds, and other amenities comparable to the
over 1000 over 1000
choices provided to other guests. Where the
minimum number of guest rooms required to
10.1.2 Required Guest Rooms with Communication Features
comply with Section 224 is not sufficient to allow
Total Number of Guest Minimum Number of Required Guest rooms with for complete dispersion, guest rooms must be
Rooms Provided Communication Features
dispersed in the following priority: guest room
2 to 25 2 type, number of beds, and amenities.
26 to 50 4
51 to 75 7 At least one guest room required to provide
76 to 100 9
mobility features complying with Section 806.2
must also provide communication features
101 to 150 12
complying with Section 806.3. Not more than
151 to 200 14
10 percent of guest rooms required to provide
201 to 300 17 mobility features complying with Section 806.2
301 to 400 20 must be used to satisfy the minimum number of
401 to 500 22 guest rooms required to provide communication
501 to 1000 5 percent of total features complying with Section 806.3.
1001 and over 50, plus 3 for each 100 over 1000

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10.2 Guest Rooms with Mobility Features
10.2.1 Plans of Typical Guest Rooms with
Compliant Mobility Features
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Section 806 of the 2010 Standards requires all
spaces in guest rooms with mobility features to
be accessible. This includes exterior and interior
spaces such as living and dining rooms, kitchens
or kitchenettes patios, terraces and balconies. At
least one sleeping area and one bathing facility
must be accessible. Accessible features in rooms
with mobility features include the following:
1. All passage doors must have a compliant 32”
minimum clear opening width, accessible
hardware and thresholds, opening force that
is 5 pounds maximum (except doors that
are fire rated and governed by local code)
and required maneuvering clearances. (See
Chapter 6 in this guide and Section 404 of the
2010 Standards.)
2. A 36” minimum accessible route must be
provided throughout the room or suite and to
all of the elements, features or controls within
the room or suite. (See Figure 1.3.4.)
3. Turning space must be provided in each room
or space – 60” diameter or T-shaped turn in a
60” square. (See Figures 10.2.1 and 10.3.3.)
4. A 30” x 48” minimum clear floor space must
be provided on each side of the bed when
there is one bed or between the beds when
there are two beds. When clear floor space is
in an alcove that is 24” or more (i.e. between
beds or between the bed and wall), the clear
floor space increases to 36”. (See Figure 10.2.1.)
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5. The ground or floor surface must be firm,
stable and slip resistant with no changes of
level greater than ¼” or 1/2” with a 1:2 beveled
edge. (See Chapter 1 and Sections 302 and 303
of the 2010 Standards.)
6. Carpets must be securely attached and
must have a firm pad or backing. The pile
must have a level loop or cut pile that is ½”
maximum. Exposed edges must be fastened
to the floor. (See Chapter 1 and Section 302.2
of the ADA Standards.)
7. There must be no protruding objects. Sconces,
shelving or other features must not protrude
more than 4” if they are located between 27”
and 80” above finished floor – unless there is
a fixed barrier below. (See Chapter 1.4 of this
guide.)
8. Controls must be compliant. (See Chapter 10.3
of this guide.)
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10.3 Operable Controls

10.3.1 Clear Floor Space Section 309 of the 2010 Standards requires 3. Operable parts must be usable with one hand
controls within rooms with mobility features to and must not require tight grasping, pinching
be compliant. Operable parts or controls within or twisting of the wrist.
the room may include electrical switches and
convenience outlets, thermostat controls, on-
off switches on lamps, wands or other controls
for window treatments, window controls where
windows are operable, safes, appliance controls,
etc. The standards are as follows:
10.3.2 Forward and Parallel Reach Range
1. Operable parts must have a 30” x 48”
minimum clear floor space at the control. The
space may be positioned for either forward or
side approach. (See Figure 10.3.2 and the 2010
Standards Figures 308.2.1, 308.2.2, 308.3.1 and
308.3.2.)

2. The operable part must be located within

reach range as defined in Section 308 of the
2010 Standards and Figure 10.3.2.

• Forward and side reach range is limited to

between 15” and 48” above finish floor;

• Elements located over an obstruction, such

as a counter, must be no higher than 46”
AFF if a side approach is provided;

• Elements located over an obstruction, such

as a counter, must be no higher than 44”
AFF if a forward approach is provided;

• When an operable control is located over

an obstruction, such as a desk or a counter,
the height of the obstruction may be no
greater than 34” AFF.

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10.4 Turning Space

10.4.1 T-Shaped Turning Space Guest rooms are required to have turning space
within each area: sleeping room, living room,
bathing room, etc. Section 304.3 of the 2010
Standards defines turning space as:

1. Circular space with a 60” diameter. The space

may include knee and toe clearance.

2. T-Shaped space within a 60” square. Each

projection must have a 36” minimum width
and the arms and base must be clear of
obstructions. Knee and toe clearance is
allowed in either one arm or the base. (See
Figure 10.4.1 and the 2010 Standards Figure
304.3.2)

3. Note that the accessible knee and toe space

required under a lavatory or vanity can be
used for a portion of the accessible turning
space in the bathroom as long as it complies
with the standards above for turning space.

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10.5 Storage

10.5.1 Compliant Storage in Closet Section 225 of the 2010 Standards requires a
portion of each type of storage to be compliant.
Guest room storage includes closets and cabinets
provided for storage in bathrooms or sleeping
rooms. Each must have storage space complying
with technical standards referenced in Section 811
and Sections 305 and 308 of the 2010 Standards
are as follows:

1. Clear floor space for forward or side approach

must be provided at each type of storage as
indicated in Figure 10.3.2 and 10.5.1;

2. At least one section of each type of storage

must be within reach range as indicated in
Figures 10.3.2;

3. Operable parts, such as closet door latches

or pulls or a safe within the closet, must
be operable with one hand, without tight
grasping or twisting of the wrist.

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10.6 Desks

10.6.1 Knee Space at Desk and Operable Windows Work surfaces or desks within guest rooms
and Shades must be on an accessible route and comply with
technical standards in Section 902 of the 2010
Standards.

1. Provide clear floor space for forward approach

as in figure 10.6.1 and 10.7.1;

2. Knee and toe space must be provided below

the desk. The minimum dimensions would be:
30” wide, 27” high and 17”- 25” deep;

3. The desk surface must be between 28” and 34”

AFF.

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10.7 Operable Windows and Shades

10.7.1 Knee Space at Desk and Operable Windows Windows and shades or curtains must comply
and Shades with Section 309 of the 2010 Standards.

1. The controls for the window and shades

or curtains must be within reach range: 15”
minimum and 48” maximum above the floor;

2. There must be clear floor space for forward or

parallel approach at the controls as in Figure
10.6.1 and 10.7.1;

3. Operable parts, such as latches or a wand or

pull, must be operable with one hand, without
tight grasping or twisting of the wrist.

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10.8 Bathing Rooms

10.8.1 Bathing Room with In-swinging Door
10.8.2 Toilet Room with In-swinging Door
10.8.3 Bathing Room with Out-swinging Door
Section 224.2 of the 2010 Standards is the
scoping section for guest rooms with mobility
features and requires such rooms to comply with
technical standards in Section 806.2. This section
requires bathing rooms in rooms with mobility
features to have one accessible water closet,
lavatory and bathtub or shower. These fixtures
must comply with the standards in Sections 603
through 610 including 608.2.2 or 608.2.3 for
rooms with roll-in showers.
The accessible toilet and bathing fixtures can
be located in more than one toilet or bathing
area, as long as travel between the fixtures does
not require travel between other parts of the
guest room. In addition, the following technical
standards must be met:
1. Accessible Turning Space
• Either a T-shaped within a 60” square
or 60” diameter turning space must be
provided. The turning space may include
compliant knee space under a counter or
the vanity as in Figure 10.8.1.
2. Clearances (Figure 10.8.2)
• Doors must comply with standards
for clear opening width, maneuvering
clearance, thresholds, opening force and
closing speed, and hardware. (Chapter 6
of this guide or Section 404 of the 2010
Standards.)
3. Clear Floor Space at Fixtures (Figures 10.3.1 to
10.8.3)
• Clear floor space is required at each
fixture. (See Chapter 10.9 for lavatories and
vanities, Chapter 10.10 for water closets,
Chapter 10.11 for bathtubs and Chapter
10.12 for showers.)
• Clear floor space at fixtures, controls, and
turning space may overlap;
• The accessible knee space under a lavatory
or vanity can be used for a portion of the
accessible turning space. (See Chapter 10.4
for Turning Space.)

• Doors may swing into the turning space;

• In a bathing room for single use, doors may

swing into the clear floor space for any
fixture as long as there is clear floor space
outside the swing of the door;

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10.9 Lavatories and Vanities
10.9.1 Vanity with Forward Approach
10.9.2 Vanity Section with Knee and Toe Space
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Technical standards for lavatories and vanities
are found in Section 806.2.4.1 and Section 606
of the 2010 Standards. If more than one lavatory
or vanity is provided, only one needs to meet the
following standards:
1. Provide 30”x 48” minimum clear floor space
for forward approach as in Figure 10.9.1;
2. The lavatory or vanity, whichever is higher,
must be located no higher than 34” above the
floor;
3. Compliant knee and toe space must be
provided below the lavatory or vanity. (See
Figures 10.9.1 and 10. 9.2, and the 2010
Standards Figures 306.2 and 306.3.) The
minimum clearances are:
• Knee clearance must be 27” minimum high
and extend 8” back from the front edge of
the vanity, countertop or lavatory;
• Toe clearance must be 9” high minimum
high starting at 11” back from the front
edge of the lavatory or vanity and extend
to 17” to 25” maximum back from the front
edge of the vanity or countertop;
• The knee and toe clearance must be 30”
wide minimum.
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4. Faucet controls must be operable with one
hand, without tight grasping or twisting of
the wrist. Controls must also require no more
than 5 pounds of pressure to operate them.
5. Supply and waste lines below the lavatory or
vanity must be insulated or otherwise protected
against contact. Abrasive or sharp surfaces are
also prohibited without protection. Protective
surfaces or shields must comply with
standards for knee and toe space.
6. Mirrors located above the lavatory or vanity
must have the bottom edge of the reflecting
surface at 40” above the floor maximum.
Mirrors that are not above the lavatory or
vanity must have the bottom edge of the
reflecting surface at 35” AFF maximum. (See
Figure 10.9.2.)
7. Amenities above the counter, such as outlets,
hair dryers, shelves, towel bars, etc. must be
within reach range. (See Figure 10.3.2 and the
2010 Standards.)
8. If vanity counter top space is provided in typical
guest rooms, the vanity counter top space in
guest rooms with mobility features must be
comparable to those provided in other rooms in
terms of size and proximity to the lavatory. (See
Section 806.2.4.1 of the 2010 Standards.)
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10.10 Water Closets
10.10.1 Water Closet Centerline and Clearance Technical standards for water closets are found in
Section 604 of the 2010 Standards. Water closets
must comply with standards for clearances and
location and must be provided with compliant
grab bars, flush valve and dispensers. Standards
are as follows:
1. Water Closet Location (See Figure 10.10.1 and
the 2010 Standards Figure 604.2.)
• Water closets must be positioned with a
10.10.2 Rear and Side Wall Grab Bar Locations wall or partition to the rear and one side;
• The centerline of an accessible water closet
is required to be 16” to 18” from the sidewall
or partition;
• Seat height is required to be 17”–19” AFF.
2. Clearances (See Figure 10.10.1 and the 2010
Standards Figure 604.3.1.)
• The clearance around the water closet
10.10.3 Dispenser Locations at a Grab Bar must be 60” along the back wall and 56”
along the side wall;
• No other fixtures, including the lavatory
may intrude on the required clearance.
3. Flush Valve (See Figure 10.10.2.)
• The flush valve actuator is required to be
mounted on the wide side of the toilet
and may be mounted no higher than 44”
AFF. However it is recommended that it be
mounted at less than 32” AFF so it will be
located below the rear grab bar.
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4. Grab Bars (See Figure 10.10.2 and the 2010
Standards Figures 604.5.1 and 604.5.2)
• The side wall grab bar must be 42”
minimum and extend 54” minimum from
the rear wall;
• The rear grab bar must be 36” with 12”
centered on the water closet centerline;
• Chapter 8.6 in this guide provides
standards for the grab bar height, profiles
and fasteners;
• Objects above or below the grab bar must
comply with Item 5 below.
5. Toilet Paper Dispenser or other elements
• Toilet paper dispensers or other
obstructions must not interfere with grab
bars. Locate at least 1½” below or 12” above
the grab bar. (See Figure 8.6.1 and the 2010
Standards Section 609.3 and Figure 609.3.)
• The centerline of the toilet paper dispenser
must be located 7” to 9” from the front of
the water closet, 15” minimum AFF and 48”
maximum AFF. (See Figure 10.10.3 and the
2010 Standards Figure 604.7)
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10.11 Bathtubs

10.11.1 Typical Bathtub Plans with Removable Seats Section 806.2.4 of the 2010 Standards requires the bathtub to be compliant if it is the only bathing
fixture; however, if there is a tub and a shower stall, only one must be compliant. Bathtub standards are
located in Section 607 and include requirements for clearances, grab bars, controls and seats as follows:

1. Clearances (See Figures 10.11.1 and 10.11.2 and the 2010 Standards Figure 607.2.)

• The clearance in front of the bathtub must be 30” wide minimum and must extend the full length
of the bathtub;

• If a permanent seat is provided at the head end of the tub, the clearance must extend an
additional 12” beyond the wall at the head end;

• A lavatory with compliant knee and toe space may be located at the control end.
10.11.2 Typical Bathtub Plans with Fixed Seats
2. Seat (See Figures 10.11.1, 10.11.2, 10.11.4 and 10.11.5, and the 2010 Standards Figures 607.2, 607.4.1 and
607.4.2.)

• A removable or fixed seat must be provided;

• If a removable seat is used, it must be capable of being securely attached;

• The top of the seat must be 17” to 19” above the floor;

• The depth of a removable seat must be 15” to 16” and the seat must capable of secure placement;

• Fixed seats must be 15” deep minimum and must extend from the outside edge of the tub to the
back wall.

3. Controls and Shower Spray Unit

10.11.3 Bathtub Control Wall Elevation and Rear Wall • The controls must be located on the outside half of the wall between the rim of the tub and the
Elevation for Tubs with Removable Seats grab bar as in Figure 10.11.3;

• A shower spray unit must be provided with a hose that is 59” long minimum. It must be able to
be positioned as a fixed or hand-held shower. The spray unit must have an on/off control and
must deliver water at 120 degrees maximum.

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10.11.4 Bathtub Elevations for tubs with Removable Seats 4. Grab Bars

• Grab bars must be provided on the control, back and head end walls for tubs with removable
seats and on the control and back wall with a fixed seat. See figures for the required minimum
length, height and location. (See Figures 10.11.3 to 10.11.5 and the 2010 Standards Figures 607.4.1
and 607.4.2.)

• Chapter 8.6 of this guide provides standards for grab bar height, profiles and fasteners.

10.11.5 Bathtub Elevations for tubs with Fixed Seats

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10.12 Showers and Shower Seats
10.12.1 Transfer Shower Plan
10.12.2 Transfer Shower Back Wall Elevation
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10.12.3 Transfer Shower Control Wall Elevation
Section 806.2.4 of the 2010 Standards requires a
compliant shower if it is the only bathing fixture;
however, if there is a tub and a shower, only
one must be compliant. The hotel’s architect or
design team must determine whether or not a
particular room must have a roll-in type shower
and whether or not there is sufficient distribution
among the guest room types.
Generally, showers may be transfer or roll-in
compartments; however, the standards require
roll-in showers in a portion of rooms with mobility
features. (See Table 10.1.1.) Standards for shower
compartments are found in Section 608 of the 2010
Standards and include transfer showers, standard
and alternate type roll-in shower compartments.
Showers in transient housing or hotels guest rooms
must have a fixed/permanent seat.
Standards for size, clearances, controls and
threshold are provided with each type of shower
described in Items 1-3 of this Chapter. Additional
standards for shower seats, hand-held spray units
and grab bars for all showers follow in Items 4-6
of Chapter 10.12.
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Shower Types:
1. Transfer Shower Compartments
• Compartment dimensions must be 36” x
36”. (Figure 10.12.1; 2010 Standards Figure
608.2.1)
• Clearance beside the shower must be 36”
wide and 48” deep, extending 12” behind
the seat wall to allow transfer from a
wheelchair to the shower seat. (Figure
10.12.1; 2010 Standards Figure 608.2.1)
• Controls must be located on the wall
opposite the seat and between 38” and
48” AFF. The controls must be located
between the centerline and within 15” from
the opening.(Figure 10.12.2; 2010 Standards
Figure 608.5.1)
• Grab bars must be provided on the control
wall and the back wall as shown in the
illustrations. (Figures 10.12.1, the 2010
Standards Figure 608.3.1 and Chapter 8.6 of
this guide for standards for grab bar height,
profiles and fasteners.)
• The seat must be provided in the location
indicated in Figures 10.12.1; 2010 Standards
Figure 608.2.1 and 608.3.1;
• A vertical, rolled or beveled threshold of no
more than ½” is allowed.
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10.12.4 Standard Roll-In Type Shower Plan 2. Standard Roll-In Type Shower Compartments

• Compartment dimensions must be 30” x 60” minimum” as in Figure 10.12.4 and the 2010
Standards Figure 608.2.2;

• Clearance beside the shower must be 30” x 60” minimum as in Figure 10.12.4 and the 2010
Standards Figure 608.2.2;

• A lavatory with compliant knee and toe space is permitted at one 30’’ wide end of the required
clearance only if that is not the end adjacent to the controls and not at the seat end of the clearance.
(See Figure 10.12.4 and the 2010 Standards Figure 608.2.2.)

• Controls, and shower spray unit must be located adjacent to the seat, within 27” of the seat
wall, and no more than 48” AFF as shown in Figures 10.12.5 and 10.12.6 and in the 2010 Standards
Figure 608.5.2;

• Grab bars must be provided on the control wall and the back wall as shown in Figures 10.12.4 and
10.12.5 and the 2010 Standards Figure 608.3.2. (Also see Chapter 8.6 of this guide for standards for
10.12.5 Standard Roll-In Type Shower Back Wall Elevation
with Seat
grab bar height, profiles and fasteners.)

• The seat must be provided in the location shown in Figures 10.12.4 and 10.12.5, as indicated in Item
4 below, and in the 2010 Standards Figure 608.2.2;

• A threshold of no more than ½” with a 1:2 beveled edge is allowed.

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10.12.6 Alternate Roll-In Type Shower Minimum Dimensions 10.12.8 Alternate Roll-In Type Shower Elevations 3. Alternate Roll-In Type Shower Compartments

• Compartment dimensions must be 36”

exactly x 60” minimum as in Figure 10.12.6
and the 2010 Standards Figure 608.2.3;

• The full width of the front wall must be 60”

minimum with a 36” wide minimum clear
opening as in Figure 10.12.6 and the 2010
Standards Figure 608.2.3. This is the wall
where the seat is located;

• Controls, and shower spray unit must be

10.12.7 Alternate Roll-In Type Shower Grab Bar Locations located adjacent to the seat and within 27”
and Dimensions of the front (seat) wall and no more than
48” AFF as in Figures 10.12.6 and 10.12.8, and
in the 2010 Standards Figures 608.5.3 (a)
and (b);

• Grab bars must be provided on the control

wall and the back wall as shown in
Figures 10.12.7 and 10.12.8 and in the 2010
Standards Figure 608.5.4. More information
about grab bars is provided in Item 6
below and Chapter 8.6 of this guide;

• A seat must be provided in guest room

showers. Seats must be located as
indicated Figures 10.12.7 and 10.12.8 and
in the 2010 Standards Figure 608.5.4.
Additional information about seats is
provided in Item 4 below;

• A threshold of no more than ½” with a 1:2

beveled edge is allowed.

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10.12.9 Shower Seats – shapes, sizes and distance Additional standards for all types of showers
from the wall in guest rooms:
1. Seats
• Folding seats must be provided in showers
located in guest rooms. Seats must also
be provided in any transfer shower. Roll-
in type showers – standard or alternate
– not located in guest rooms (e.g. locker
rooms) are not required to have seats;
• Seats must also be located relative to the
shower compartment entry per Figure
10.12.10 and 2010 Standards Section 610.3
and Figure 610.3.
• Seats may be rectangular or L-Shaped, but
must comply with dimensions in Figure
10.12.9 and in the 2010 Standards Section
610.3 and Figures 610.3.1 and 610.3.2;
• The top of the seat must be 17” to 19” AFF;
10.12.10 Shower Seats – extent of seat • The seat and fasteners must be designed
to support 250 pounds of vertical or
horizontal force.
2. Shower Spray Unit
• A shower spray unit must be provided
with a hose that is 59” long minimum. It
must be able to be positioned as a fixed
or hand-held shower. The spray unit must
have an on/off control and must deliver
water at 120 degrees maximum;
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• All shower controls including the device
for raising and lowering the shower spray
unit must be operable with one hand and
must not require tight grasping, pinching
or twisting of the wrist;
• The shower spray unit and its control must
be located within the location indicated for
controls for each type of shower stall. In
each case the height must be between 38”
and 48” AFF.
3. Grab Bars
• Grab bars must be provided on the control
wall and back wall (side wall and back wall
for the alternate roll-in shower) as shown
in the figures for each type of shower
compartment identified above in Chapters
10.12 – 1 to 3 above;
• Grab bars may be multiple bars or a
continuous bar and may not be located on
the seat wall. Length of the grab bars are
as shown in the Figures for each type of
shower compartment or for the bathtub;
• Grab bars must be 33” and 36” AFF to the
gripping surface and multiple bars must be
at the same height;
• Chapter 8.6 of this guide provides
standards for grab bar profiles, height and
fasteners.
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10.13 Guest Rooms with Hearing Features

Section 806.3 of the 2010 Standards requires

rooms with communications features to have
visible alarms associated with emergency warning
systems and notification devices. Standards for
each are provided in Chapters 10.14 and 10.15 of
this guide.

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10.14 Visible Alarms

10.14.1 Typical Visible Alarm and Notification Device
Section 806.3.1 requires visible alarms to meet
the standards of Section 702. This section requires
permanently installed visible alarms in guest
rooms with communication features to comply
with NFPA 72 (1999 or 2002 edition) and as
follows:

1. Visible alarms must be located to be visible

within each space in the guest room or suite.
To achieve this, alarms should be provided in
bathrooms, sleeping areas, and living areas if
separated by walls. Figure 10.14.1 indicates a
typical installation of a visible alarm.

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10.15 Notification Devices

10.15.1 Typical Visible Alarm and Notification Device Section 806.3.2 of the 2010 Standards requires
notification devices to be provided to alert guests
of incoming phone calls and door knock or bell.
Such devices must be provided as follows:

1. Notification devices must not be connected

to the visible alarm signal appliances. A typical
wall mounted notification device is shown in
Figure 10.15.1;

2. Telephones must have volume controls that

are compatible with the system;

3. At least one telephone in the guest room

must be served by an electrical outlet that
is within 48” of the telephone, within reach
range and has clear floor space at the outlet.
This outlet may be used to connect a TTY to
use with the telephone.

10.15.2 Typical Phone With Volume Control

and Visual Notification

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