CBSE "Entrepreneurship Develo} Concept, Characteristics and Need ent (ED): After going through this unit, the student! learner would be able to: Understand the concept of Entfepreneurship Development (ED), Intellectual Property Rights 8 Process of Entreprencurship Development: Understand the meaning of small business sto fund start Start-up India Scheme, oe Discuss the role of small business in India Appreciate the various Government schemes and agencies for development of small scale industries. NSIC and DIC. with special reference to rural, backward area. tual Property Rights and eneurship ™ Small scale enterprise as defined by MSMED Act 2006. (Micro, Small and Medium Enterprise Development Act) ™ Role of small business in India with Special reference to rural areas ncies for Small Government schemes and ag small scale industries: National Industries Corporation (NSIC) and District Industrial Centre (DIC) with Special reference to rural, backward areasFein the village and small indus has eight subgroups. They are hand! ssf industries and powerloor ‘seas ewo come under the modern small indusries AM smal industries together provide the largest empl 5 come under traditional industries. Village ¥ector' consi looms, hand, beth 'aditional’ and ‘modern’ small industies. This fis, coir, sericulture, khadi and village industries, smal the number of persons employed in busines > capital invested in business > volume of ourput or value of output of busi Pe prrercsnmimed for bacinas setuies Se However, there is no parameter which is without limitations Bape dic by che Governcacas tte tations. Depending on the ned the measures can vary. ae ‘ndia to describe small industries is based on the investment in plant and machinery. This measure secks to keep in view the socio-econ India where capital ee i atunene jomic environment in India where capital is ‘The emergence of a large services sector has necessitated he: mment i 8 cessitated the government to include other enterprises covering both Small Scale aaa oe sector and related fue entities under the same umbrella. Expansion of the =i scale enterprises was taking place growing into medium scale enterprises and they were required to adopt higher levels of technologies in order to remain competitive in a fast globalising world. Thus, it was Be © es the ‘concerns of such enterprises micro, small and medium and provide them with a single legal framework. ‘The Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Development (MSMED) Act, 2006 addresses these issues relating, to definition, credit, marketing and technology upgradation, Medium scale enterprises and service related enterprises also come under the purview of this Act. The MSMED Act, 2006 came into force w.e.f., October, 2006, Accordingly, enterprises are classified into two major categories viz., manufacturing and services. | Manufacturing Enterprises Inthe case of enterprises engaged in the manufacture or production of goods pertaining to any industries specified ia the fist schedule to the Industries (Development and Regulation) Act, 1951, there are three types of enterprises: 1. Micro Enterprises— where the investment in plant and machinery does not exceed €25 lakh. 2. Small Enterprises—where the investment in plant and machinery is more than 825 lakh bur does nor exceed %5 crore. 3. Medium Enterprises— where the investment in plant and machinery is more than %5 crore but does not exceed 710 crore. Service Enterprises In the case of enterprises engaged in providing or rendering of services there are three types of enterprises: ipment does not exceed 10 lakh. 1. Micro Enterprises— where the investment in equi 2, Small eee 2 where the investment in equipment is more than 210 lakh but does not exceed €2 crore. 3. Madiuin Encerpeiece where the invesrnent in equipment Je more, han €2,eroe=i bie dose exceed, %5 crore. ‘Note While calculating the investment in plant an industrial safety devices and such other items s 14 machinery, the cost of pollution control, research and development, yall be excluded.ere 10 lakh ‘witha Frerween €10 lakh and ®2 crore nce 5. Pt Small chal for all Scale Sector the the Gcavon laid down by the government) 6.4 tech pen sara quipmentand Parts sa abt Ee eran ing adnate Ink eesti Chemica Proto 1 piseianeous Manufacturing Indust [nl \ ang ecemlangsi + everages, Tobacco and Tobacco Products 5 + Metal Products jr Services q + Electrical Machinery and Parts eerie , a a irxiacs| |< lute Hempand Mesta Textiles R le + Paper Products and Printing + Non-metallic Mineral Products 1 + Other Services 3 le of Small Business | Role of small business in the socio-economic development of India Small Scale Industries in India enjoy a distinct position in view of their contribution to the socio-econss, development of the country: The following points highlight their contribution: 1, Output generation Small industries in India contribute almost 40 per cent of the gross industrial value added and 45 per eneafe total exports (direct and indirect exports) from India. 2. Generation of employment Small pari are the second largest employers of human resources, after agriculture. They account ford} pens ae Unis in the country. They generate more number of employment opportunities fet . pital invested compared to large industries. They are, therefore, considered to be labour i ess capital intensive. This i boon for a labour surplus country lke Incha ann 3. Supply an enormous variety of products Sill industries in our country suppl ready made garments, hosiery goods, stationer medical equipment, electronic teaching side wipment Aids like overhead pharmaceuticals, agricultural tools and ecu Projectors, air conditioni; ion bemade ofhandlooms, kandicafsaed oe asi sal ther rohccing Soe el Aah Sale ucts. 4, Balanced regional development Sonal village ndusues in view of thee Small industries which produce simple Products using simple tech Pit technologies and depend ones both material an _esoures both material and Labour can beg Gabout any locational constrains, the bene paibute significantly to the bg a orf industrles provide anole Sa ple opportunity f Hled into business ide Y for entrepre , channel ideas which can by Prenecurship. The latent skills and aliies to start a small business, COME into latent skills and talents of people can be formal I business, ality with little capital investment and almost ail 6, Advantage of low cost of production seal lndsres leo enjoy the advantage of low cot of prod fsabshment and suming coxs of small nducne een. Loca vale ear te sexsi inf the low cost oF production which smal ot lowe sie bees of low overhead expenses: 7. Quick and timely decision-makin oy is theix competitive strength. Duc to the small size of the organisations, ie Aaa people st happens in lrg sine orpanieiony Kan ome desons canbe taken without consulting many business opportunities can be caprured atthe right time, Role of small business in rural India 1. Multiple source of income Small businesses generate multiple source of income to agricultural activities such as self-employment in comm rural activities of farming and agriculture the rural households. They engage in wide range of non- nerce, manufacturing and services, along with traditional 2. Mobilisation of local resources Small business facilitates mobilisation and utilisation of local resources and skills which might otherwise remain unutilised. 3, Prevent migration Development of rural and village industries can also prevent migration of rural population to urban areas in search of employment. 4, Reduction in poverty unemployment and income inequalities Small industries are significant as producers of consumer goods and absorbers of surplus labour, thereby addressing the problems of poverty and unemployment. These industies contribute amply to other socio-economic aspects, such as reduction in income inequalities, dispersed development of industries and linkage with other sectors of the economy. 5. Accelerated industrial growth and creating employment potential in rural and backward areas Promotion of small scale industries and rural industrialisation has been considered by the Government of India ng che ewin objectives of ‘accelerated industrial growth and creating additional 8 powerful instrument for reais ( productive employment potential in rural and backward areas. (eOreetntertavre outer estore for Small-Scale Industries Institutions setup by the government of India to promote small-scale industries in rural India 1. National Small Industries Corporation (NSIC) INesocal Sal Tadatwies Corporation was soup im 1203 ,rtua Mic tabaci and foster the growth ofsmall snes units inthe cO¥D#? 1. Supiy indigenous and impor Ci) Prat, apply and disibue n (iii) Export the products of smal Gy). Mentoring and advisor {@) Serve as technology busines ) Creating awareness on echnolosic 6) Devlin ce pe vith a view to providing an fay 1978, with a an in on 1 MAY look at the problems of industliaon a \ which would lo 2, The District Industries Centers ( The District Industries Center was launched administrative framework at che district level ies Centers (DICs) are as follows: district, in a composite manner. 2 The main activities undercaken by the District Indus * Identification of suitable schemes, + Preparation of feasibility reports, + Arranging for credic, 4 t ‘= Machinery and equipment, * Provision of raw materials and * Other extension services Incentives offered by the government of India for small scale industries, especially in rural, backward, tribal and hilly areas 1. Land Every state offers developed plots for setting up of industries. The terms and conditions may vary, Some stats don't charge renc in the initial years, while some allow payment in instalments, 2. Power Power is supplied at a concessional rate of 50 per cent, while some states exempt stich units from payment inthe initial years. 3. Water Water is supplied on a no-profit, no-loss basis or with 50 per cent concession or exemption from water charges for a period of 5 years. 4. Goods and Services Taxes (GST) Simall industries with les than20 lakh turnover are completely exempted, whether they register or not. 5. Raw materials Units located in backward areas get prefe lie as get preferential treatment f £ ‘als 2a ent nbeckward in the matter of allotment of scarce raw matetials 6. Finance Subsidy of 10-15 per cent is given for building capital asses Loans are also offered a fered at concessional rates. pill eee Development: Concept, Characteri i 7 oak) Concept of Entrepreneurship Development Erepreneurship isthe process of sing up one's own Belitelosn 4s distinct from pursuing any othet&: Small Business and Entr pada 8 em prencut. The of the prea’. “OMe Profesion. The p Tt a As 7 = Pe n sponsible 4 her, each businesr hy nic. activities, that is / ther busin ippliers of raw materials i Slemen and advertising subject ferb SVO Analogy ce of ‘birth’ of entrepreneurs to purs epreneurs to pursue : i bear lite fruic unless entrep re ii aware of entrepreneurship as a = eee provider rather than a job-seeker, besides enjoying a host of Pos P IES SSM Me SUS : Entrepreneurship is defined as a systematic, purposeful and cre ti ic, purposeful creative activity of identifying a need, sobilsing resources and organising production witha view t clivering value to the customers, returns for the investors and profits for the self in accordance with the risks and uncertainties assoc iated with business. | Characteristics of Ent eneurship 1, Systematic Activity by-step and purposeful activity. It has certain temperamental, skill and Entrepreneurship is a systematic, step: other knowledge and competency requir wired, learnt and developed, both by formal educational and vocational training as well as 2. Lawful and Purposeful Activity The object of entrepreneurship is lawful business. Dr Profit and social gain. ements that can be acq by observation and work experience surpose of entrepreneurship is creation of value for personal he cost saving or revenuc-enhancing. IF it does both itis ‘as innovation must become a habit! jon of value. In the absence of entrepreneurship ous factors of production, entrepreneurs produce reneurial act results in income and 3. Innovation ation may till welcome involves cre: 1g the vari ‘he society. Every entrep! From the point of view of the firm, innov: more than welcome. Even if it does none, it iss Entrepreneurship is creative in the sense that It matter’ does not become a “resource.” By combinin goods and services that meet the needs and wants ofJe, vex machines destoyed cay, le ps accruing, €0 tHe economy ja i a, fee es a ve alo nthe present context, in a Manner thy sien developing cou? ing/ innovative in introducig £ technologies developed chee be pioneet c least harm to the eco! Pat Ie is possible thac entrepreneurs in deve breaking, radical inn ations. Th ‘That does not make their achieve fcrors of production, land, Tsboun epi fF diverse Factor ilises these resour is SOU ings 4, Organisation of Production siness opportunity ™mol Production requis the combined wilsaion °° Tp technology. Entrepreneur, in response (0 2 P productive enterprise or firm. The entrepreneur may not be possessing any among the resource providers. In an economy the funding insticutions and with the exp oe materials, utilities (such as water and electricity) a» ieee: 2 e 1. availability and location of the resources a ‘combine them. An entrepreneur needs negoti tt Se oe Organisation of production aso involves product development and deve juse have the ‘idea’ chat he pong of these eur gped financial system, he has to convnag Fie easy ener inco contacts of supply of tip arrange ogy. What lies at the core oF organising 5 th well as the optimum way se resources; he may 5. Risk-taking : ly of the various inputs for his project, he incurs the rk 1 gets the contracted rent, capital provides As the entrepreneur contracts for an assured sup salaries. However, there ism paying them off whether or not the venture succeeds. Thus, landowner gets the contracted interest, and the workforce gets the contracted wages and assurance of profit to the entrepreneur. Te may be pointed out that the possibility of absolute ruin may be rare as the entrepreneur does ‘everything within his control to de-risk the business. What is generally implied by risk-taking is that realised profit ‘maybe [ess than the expected profit. Itis generally believed that entrepreneurs take high risks. Yes, individuals optingle a career in entrepreneurship cake a bigger risk that involved in a career in employment or practice of a profesia as there is no “assured” payoff. Teis said thar the entrepreneurs thrive on circumstances where odds favouring and against success are a evens tit is 50:50 situations. They are so sure of their capabilites that they convert 50% chances into 100% succes 08) oot nates a pees re es as anyone would do; they dislike lower risk situations il than a financial stake, becomes a matter of personal si where less than expected performance causes displeasure and distress. q Need for Entrepreneurship Every country, whether developed or develop 5 ping, needs ent ‘ ‘ entrepreneurs to initiate che proces of development, the developed on ee i a a entrepreneurship to sus ge In the present Indian context, where on th 4 b ie one hand, empl = sae seco ae sinking, and on the thes hand, va Spores ieee rane in publi aa ah nner can really take India tothe heights of bec om BObalisation axe waiting neal for caueprenesthp ass om the functions the en Snes oe economic development and in relation to the business enterprige Pees Pettorm in relation to the xptise,and Entrepre aan ue Product or GDP is the most common indicator erated in Bet the process of production, which is distributed among those few who have land and capital nape cnet i” the fi pee abyss the blsge cot tri larger masses are destined to earn their incomes * feconomic development. Income ive the factors of production where land’ the residual income acerues to the en 7 a 2, Capital Formation: The entrepreney roductive ci product are relared 0 ¢: trial decision, in eff omy and hence results in’ “pital Output Ratio (COR); is an investment decision that increases the capital formation. In fact, GDP formation ity of the economy h other via Capital capital formation @ a. Entrepreneurs, by Pee freinee of their fende and a ou te es ant tit own savings and informally mobilising : fanding supplements the funds man vl "ute to the process of capital formation. These informal meal incticitions cx! available by the formal means of raising resources from banks, 3. Generation of Employment: Every new busin : a Pe Septal ts Sana haa Spreneurship becomes a source of livelihood to those who Ree re st on nor have the land to earn rent. L in PPortunities for Others: Every new business creates opportunities for the suppliers of inputs (this is referred to as ‘backward linkages) and the marketer of the ourput (what is referred to as forward linkages). For example, 2 pen manufacturer would create opportunities for refill manufacturers as well as wholesalers and retailers of stationery products. 5. Improvement in Economic Efficiency: Efficiency means to have greater output from the same inpus. Entrepreneurs improve economic efficiency by @) Improving processes, reducing wastes, increasing yield and (b) Bringing about technical progress, that is, by altering labour-capital ratios. If labour is provided | with good implements (capital), its productivity increases 6. Increasing the Spectrum and Scope of Economic Activities: Development does not merely mean ‘more’ and ‘better’ of the existing, it also and more crucially means diversification of economic activities across the geographic, sectoral and technological scope. Entrepreneurs mobilise local and even overseas resources to augment the productive capacity of a country. Indian Multinational Giants is fast becoming, a realty. Process of Entrepreneurship Development jg the outcome of a dynamic process of interaction ly. Rather, i ft intera iimately the choice of encrepreneursip asa caee is with an i Je option. In tis regard ic becomes imperative ib me : a the individual's perception of desirability and | Entepreneurship does not emerge spontanco tween a person and his/ her environment. Individual, yer he/she must sec it asa desirable, a well 8, telook ae both—factors in the environment, as well as factors ibily PPportuni i mnal observation, discovery ep cnating sey on personal observation dio svely searched for. One may : *tepnciial opportunites have ro be aciey satel 6 OTT yelp in ening buns ci Jnvention, Personal/professional contacts/nerwer ports sue portunities, Alternatively, one may rely om PU!pe be ‘cof desire, may be a pen, | ce we 508 a8 oa crave to have the same bine a1 oF BUTE ee would be the marker si z ha 2 wha 2 process of research of inter chrough @ P throvs ional trade and investment id, on ro sell i, cencrepreneurial mins from, at what price etc 3 ident also be ident, inter opportu mple, post here afe EFe4tCT OPPOTtUNties for ya fea analysis, For examples POY og, and, there ate & ofa toi 2 sectoral! et quotas are being, Rare ne rise and India offers a huge and varied ay amo an im India, Global ouseur8 Op bound global sourcing in manufac ence Pe pomec thar makes Ie cos effective deser entt einer r nabled Services (ITES). ‘ 4 90 Information Technology ea Identification of Specific ants oe - = snore generalised business OPPOTUMe tha 5. Br an leads to the discov 8 , Bd While the environment sci if : : et rrepreneur’s creativity and j identify a specific product or set 1 highest demand on the entrep s ty and in a ee cise Ee ol oie diferente your product offering even ifthe ggg cis possible to 2 CHE eee decision on specific product offering necessitates same nced. Clearly i aaa aa ; is the same and serves the si ». You will be able to succeed when the value de : seat is at are the value expectations oe ee sscomnnasd expraions and cere 'Vow! impact only meets but also exceeds customers am Feasibility Analysis 3 4 The BE ior iden must be technically feasible, that ist should be posible with the avalabley convert the idea into a rely. In other words, dhe idea must be seu a Be ‘The piston | be within the resources available and the resource providers should be reasonably sure of an appropriate mag, : (profi and retum of (sfery and liquidity) ofthis investments. That i, the idea must be financially Yibegy WAYS There should be enough sales in the immediate and the prospect of growth in the foreseeable fue, In add should be adequate assurance on the commercial viability of the chosen product offering. Now adagirig be avai important to be sure that cher aren't any environmental and other legal restrictions/necessty of prorat «4. Bo for setting up the business. aaa Ici alo to be decide as to whether the busines will be organised asa proprictary concern/paetiis «= 5, company or cooperative entity. a ‘An entrepreneur must compile these findings in the form of a business plan that would have to be subi the funding authorities, in the Indian context, the Stare Finance Corporation of the area. They may belli 2.€ prescribed proforma in which the details of the business plan are required to be furnished and, as such ti leis a need to adapt the contents accordingly: are t The business plan ‘may be appraised by the funding insticution, and upon satisfying itself about ‘the dei, platf of assisting the project and upon the furnishing of some margin money it may sanction the loan amoull tom the I a ‘ pine the project approval, the enrepreneur can proceed for project commissioning, that i ous 3.4 ictory premises, installing the equipment, obtaining th, ‘als with a view @ the manufcre and marhcing be eine ppl ofthe inpuc materials wih Entrepreneurial functions do not ci i a Th = 54 Startup India Scheme 4 The Startup India Scheme is a lagship initiative ® fcorystem for nurturing innovation and stareupg Shite Government of India with an objective @Se ee enerate large-scal ch and ge’ ge-scale employ; sr through innovation and design, 0B heme specifically aims to: hes 1 . ant Variety: Plant Variety is essentially gr and arrar Cup g ent fines oF colour combination that i applied to any article, Plants into categories based on their botanical characteristics. Espana Ps defined 252 systematic, purposeful and creative activity of dentying need, mobilising resources and organising production witha view odelveringvalue tothe customers, returns forthe investors and rafts forthe selfin accordance with the risks and uncertainties associated with business. Intellectual property (IP) refers to products of human mind, hence, just Ike other types of property, the owners of IP can rent, give or sell it to other people. Intellectual Property Rights are legal rights conferred upon the creator/IP owner to prevent others from using the protected subject matter. Its a legal watch guard of knowledge. Copyright is a right conferred upon the creators of literary, artistic, musial, sound recording and cinematographic film. Trademark is any word, name, or symbol (or thelr combination) that lets us identify the goods made by an individual, company, organization, etc. Geographical indication (GI) is primarily an indication which identifies agricultural, natural or manufactured products thandlerafts, industrial goods and food stuffs) originating from a definite geographical territory, where a given GUSIRy reputation or other characteristic are essentially attributable to its geographical origin. 5 proces shows technical ch protects the scientific inventions (products and or process) which , 1m making, using, offering for sale, selling or BUG thG exclusive ‘right to exclude’ all others and prevent them for) mshi alia ig importing the invention.preneurship ess and Entre ; Small Busine Maximo Mog, vnc wo safe and wrongful patenting of gy 25] 4) ee a congnd tp or NO ’ me wm? Cat Wi patos ben ory US en OBES ort S owl? se ape pe TOT ak | 2 Grerumen fra oppre ad 0 Te coe i healing papers, which was the P ae these (@ Hald (@) Nove of Pee Se ed without his permission. What shay, g a mms is paso ml Medal 5. Lalicisa grea ar. He wane s ona , FE awk pect named Perey “nal 4 Recipe of Coca Coa comes un pa (@) Trade scree tse | (a) Ne | oi nrellecral Property Rights (UPR a 5. sapin ri he llowing spf nee Tope) HE i a peer. cms of invesement in plant and machinery in atone: 6 Give the casifcarion of manufaceuring eter Serene ca 6 esion of Mice, Small and Medium Eneprises Development A ns ad Q7 Sac the role of el basins in rr India by giving any four PONS a st d What are the incentives provided by the Government for industri in ack Sm Give the meaning of Inellecual Property Rights (IPR). Why is IPR impos ie _s a q - — ———__ Maximum Marks: Time allowed : | hour QU. Yogi pur ofndancadonal meine em, some other county wans fo gsi paced chen can we iis copy? | Q2 Which agreemenc with WTO defines the role and importance of IPR | 3. Copyright is the right ro ‘noe copy (Trucabe Q44 Which of the following are considered for protection as trademark tld but all noe recogni} trademacs in adi 1 ml (@) Smell & taste ie (© Label 4) Colour combin QS re fod Insist up fied and beng jae in ta nd oped for bri technique due to easy availability of labour and to provide employme rector decided wo invest S083) 220 lakhs to maineain day wo day 506) buy land, 22 : | 7 | ll remove 150 She was erugling 0 Femmes em. Do you think 0 to aoquire plant & machinery, 1 crore (@) Name the Act of Industries which is applicable (b) Which category of par 2) will the above in. (©) State the investment limit in this ca Q6 One day Ravi Dubey noticed his wife cle He got an idea of making wet tissue p F et tissue papers with good | ‘Scheme initiated by government will help him? How? Q7_ Describe the role of following in promotion of small industries in India aot es (DICS Pe) | (@) Nacional Small Industies Corporation (NSIC) (b) Distrce Incl Q8_ Explain the various ways to fund stareups. Q9 How do small-scale industries contribute to the the socio-economic development of India, specially in rural areas? sme allowed : 1 hour 30 min, {qi Patent can only be filed co get rights over an in Maximum Marks : 40 4 ADR’ are issued by tion and not discovery (Tine or Fae) (1 mark) USA Q @ Py inde ©) Canada (@) Japan Q3. Which of the following is fixed capital? (a) Equity share ee (b) Debenture (A) Retained camming For how many years docs a patent allows exclusive rights ot 2 (@) 10 years ee (@) 25 years Patent is a__ monopoly. (1 — monopoly. (Temporary/permanent). (Fill up the blank with correc answer) (1 mat A design comes in public domain after a period of 5 years (TruefFale) (1 mark Give the classification of service enterprises f p ervice enterprises in terms of investment in equipment in accordance with the provisions of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Development Act, 2006+ 3 marks) Board of Directors of “Bio Pure water Ltd.” decides to set up its first unit in the hilly area of Himachal Pradesh. The company requires 3 crores for it and €50 Lakhs for working capital. The company has earn marked 15% of its profit for Educational and Health needs of its employees and their family members. (a) The above company comes under which category as per MSMED Act 2006? () Write any one commercial reason for setting up of unie in the hilly egion. (0 According to you, what are the options available to the company for meeting its long term and short rerm needs? Mr, Arun has retired from his Gove. Job. He wants a part of his savings to invest in some company. He want a fixed and regular income without any risks. Name the type of shares in which he should invest. State any two features of such shares G marks) ‘Rudra Limited’ is a successful company dealing in shoe making. Though it has enough reserves yet the directors of the company opted for debentures as a source of finance. Is the decision right? Give reasons to support your y 4 marks) answer. (4 marks) Discuss the fearures of the Startup India Scheme of the Government of India, 5 marks) Explain the role of small business in rural India neurship. Stare any five characteristics of Khadi items. His fiend who makes craft items, suggests him rea since the government is offering various incentives to entrepreneurship. (6 marks) Give the meaning of Encrepret Rajan wants to start a business unit mmanufsoing 4 to start-sale industrial unit in some rural, backwat int for small-scale industries. ihe Bae smal scale industries in rural Indi. small-scale industries. @) Explain any four incentives offered by plain any fous ‘ment of India to promote st (6 marks) (b) Name two institutions set up by the gover19. 20. Business Studies X1— by Subhas, ented rey ected Check List t © © ® @ @ © (@) Caleulated sks (@) Day 0 day conduct of business (©) Video games (©) Darjeeling tea (@) All the above Ealse: Only traditional small industries (Handlooms, Handicrafts, (smallscale industries and powerlooms) make use of highly sophisticated mac (plastic and rubber goods) as well ax sophistca-ted items (c.g, TV, calculators Ealse: The Government of India had defined small industries on t ment in re) ave highly labour-intensive while moder small ee Fie plant and machinery and emupgg 25 lakh 1p co @5 crore. For smallscle False: For small-scale manufacturing enterprises ~investment al enterprises — investment above €10 lakh and up wo 22 crore Investment in plant and machinery (excluding land and buildings Investment in equipment. Above &5 crote and up to 810 crore Up to 210 lakh, 95%. District Industrial Centre (DIC)