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iii) On the POS MONITOR page (and GPS MONITOR page), FMGS position
(and GPS position) from the opposite FMGC is not displayed.
iv) On the RAD NAV page, navaids tuned on the opposite MCDU are not
displayed. Correspondingfields are blank.
i) When this occurs, the MCDU on the side of the failed FMGC reverts
to MCDU MENU page, and a prompt to connect the MCDU on the opposite FMGC is
displayed. When this prompt is pressed, the”OPP FMGC IN PROCESS” message is
displayed in white on the MCDU scratchpad.
‐ If the NDs are in the same mode and range, the associated ND displays the
“OFFSIDE FMCONTROL” amber message.
iii) Both POS MONITOR pages display the same position (operative FMGC
position).
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a) FMGC 1
b) FMGC 2
c) FMGC 1
d) FMGC 1
e) FMGC 2
f) FMGC 1
Q6. Which features of the flight management are available if a/c is in Back-
Up navigation mode?
A6. The MCDU NAV B/UP function provides:
‐ F-PLN display on ND
‐ Mag (True) bearing depending on the pilot selection, from aircraft position to the
TO WPT andassociated distance
‐ True track between waypoints
Q7. In flight with dual FMGCs failure, could we still navigate and complete
our flight?
A7. Yes.
a) FAIL: Indicates that the Multipurpose Control and Display Unit (MCDU)
hasfailed.
b) MCDU MENU: Indicates that the flight crew should call up a peripheral linked
to the MCDU (such as ACARS, ATSU or CFDS).
c) FM: Comes on while the flight crew is using the MCDU to display peripherals.
This light tells the flight crew that the FMGC has an important message to deliver.
Q9. What is the meaning of following annunciators on MCDU?
{These annunciators are on the top of the MCDU}
a) FM1,
b) IND,
c) RDY,
d) FM2
A9. The following is the meaning of the annunciations:
c) RDY: MCDU has passed its power up test after it was turned off using its DIM
key.
• Display management.
Based on which mode of AP/FD is engaged in pitch column of FMA, A/THR mode will
get engaged in SPD/MACH or fixed thrust. It is not necessary that in climb, A/THR
will always be in THR CLB or in descent; A/THR will be in THR IDLE modes.
Speed of the a/c is controlled either by AP/FD Pitch channel or by A/THR based on
the vertical mode {pitch mode} engaged in FMA.
Q16. Which are those AP/FD pitch modes, when A/THR maintains SPEED /
MACH mode? {i.e. You will see SPEED / MACH in FMA 1 col.}
A16. The following are the modes:
a) V/S-FPA
b) DES
c) ALT*, ALT
Q17. Name the AP/FD pitch modes in which A/THR maintain THR CLB
Mode?
A17. The following are the modes:
a) CLB
b) OP CLB
d) SRS
Q18. Name the AP /FD pitch modes in which A/THR maintain THR IDLE
Mode?
A18. The following are the modes:
a) DES
b) OP DES
Q20. With the aircraft in flight, AP engaged and A/THR active, in which
mode will the A/THR engage?
A20. AP engaged and A/THR active in flight:
‐ If an AP/FD pitch mode controls a vertical trajectory, the A/THR mode controls the
target
SPD/MACH.
‐ If an AP/FD pitch mode controls a target SPD or MACH, the A/THR mode controls
the thrust.
Q21. If no AP/FD pitch mode is engaged, the A/THR mode will revert to
SPD/MACH mode.
A21. True.
Guidance. The roll bar is displayed if a lateral mode is engaged. It gives roll orders
for lateral guidance.
Q23. When both FDs engaged, how is it shown on FMA in 5th col.?
A23. 1FD2.
Q24. If FD #1 is disengaged after engaging both FDs, what will FMA show
in 5th col.?
A24. –FD2.
Q25. If FD #2 is disengaged after engaging both FDs, what will FMA show
in 5th col.?
A25. 1FD- .
Q26. If FD #1 fails when both FDs were ON, what will FMA show in 5th
col.?
{Same is valid when FMGC#1 also fails or invalid.}
A26. 2FD2.
Q29. What indications will appear when AP gets disconnected due system
failure?
A29. The following are the indications:
c) Audio Cavalry charge for 0.5 s minimum and 1.5 s maximum.
Q34. For Take off, when thrust levers are set at TOGA gate {with FDs ON
and V2 defined on PERF TAKE OFF page}, what does FMA read?
A34. The following is indicated on the FMA:
Q37. Does SRS mode provide any protection apart from providing speed
guidance?
What are these?
a) Attitude protection to reduce aircraft nose-up effect during takeoff (18 ° or
22.5 ° maximum incase of windshear)
b) Flight path angle protection that ensures a minimum vertical speed of 120
ft/min
Q39. When will SRS disengage automatically after T/O in case of single
engine?
A39. SRS does not disengage automatically after T/O in case of single engine.
Q40. What is SRS speed guidance during G/Around with both engines
working?
A40. The SRS law maintains the current speed at Go-around engagement, or VAPP,
whichever is higher.Nevertheless, the SRS speed target is limited to VLS+25 kt, in
a two-engine configuration.
‐ The aircraft is receiving a LOC signal and LOC deviation is less than 1/2 dot
‐ The ILS course is identical to the runway heading of the origin airport as selected
for the activeflight plan, if any.
‐ Disengaging AP/FD.
Q48. What is the Speed profile when NAV is not used in a particular flight
completely?
A48. The SPD profile is:
V2 – SPD LIM – ECON CLB SPD/MACH – ECON CRZ MACH – ECON or preset
DESMACH/SPD – SPD LIM – VAPP.
V2 – SPD LIM – SPD CSTR (if applicable) – ECON CLB SPD/MACH – ECON CRZ
MACH -ECON or preset DES MACH/SPD -SPD LIM – SPD CSTR (if applicable) –
HOLD SPD (ifapplicable) – VAPP.
Q50. What are the conditions in which NAV mode will engage?
A50. NAV mode engages:
‐ When the flight crew orders “DIR TO” (except below 700 ft RA in LOC mode)
‐ When the flight crew pushes in the HDG/TRK knob when the aircraft is close to
(within ∼1 nmof)the active flight plan leg
‐ Automatically in flight when NAV is armed and the aircraft reaches the capture
zone for theactive flight plan leg.
‐ The flight plan is lost or the aircraft enters a flight plan discontinuity.
‐ The flight crew arms the LOC mode by pressing the LOC pb
‐ The flight crew presses the APPR pb, if an ILS approach is selected.
Q53. Is it true that if you press LOC P/B to arm LOC Mode, NAV Mode will
disarm but if NAV was engaged, and then if you press LOC, NAV remains
engaged?
A53. True.
Q54. After reaching 30 feet after take-off, what changes takes place on
FMA?
A54. After reaching 30 ft after T/O, the following changes take place:
à RWY TRK annunciated if HDG/TRK Preset function is used.
Q56. If you pull out ALT knob, what will happen if you were in managed
climb?
A56. The system reverts to OPEN CLIMB mode. The Auto-thrust commands Climb
Thrust and AP/FD pitch mode goes to Open Climb mode.
Q60. When in climb, if you press EXPEDITE P/B, What will happen?
A60. The system will shift to EXP CLB mode, the target speed will become Green
Dot, which is maintained with pitchcontrol. Auto thrust, if active, will set the thrust
at CLB THRUST automatically.
Q61. When in Descend, if you press EXPEDITE P/B, What will happen?
What are the indications on the FMA?
A61. The system will shift to EXP DES, the target speed will be 340 kt or M 0.8
which is maintained with pitchcontrol. Autothrust, if active, will set the thrust at
IDLE automatically.
On the FMA:
‐ Pulling out the V/S or FPA knob to engage the V/S or FPA mode
‐ Pulling out the SPD/MACH knob to activate the selected speed target and engage
OP CLB or OPDES. A white box appears around the longitudinal mode and flashes
for 10 s. A triple click sounds
‐ Pushing in the ALT knob to engage the CLB or DES mode, provided that the
engagementconditions are met
‐ Selecting a higher altitude than present altitude when in EXP DES. If this action is
not followed byanother expected flight crew action within 5 s, a triple click sounds.
A steady white box appearsaround the longitudinal mode, then flashes for 10 s
after the triple click
‐ Selecting a lower altitude than present altitude when in EXP CLB. If this action is
not followed byanother expected flight crew action within 5 s, a triple click sounds.
A steady white box appearsaround the longitudinal mode, then flashes for 10 s
after the triple click
‐ Activating a reversion to V/S to protect the aircraft from exceeding VLS or VMAX.
A white boxappears around the longitudinal mode and flashes for 10 s. A triple click
sounds.
Q63. During EXPED descent, if ATC asks you to maintain a lower speed and
if you select the speed by pulling SPD/MACH selector, what changes take
place and what will FMA show in that case?
A63. The action will disengage EXP DES mode and would revert to OPEN DESCENT
mode. The FMA will read the following:
Q64. What happens when a/c speed drops below VLS while descending
with OP DES {with no AP but both FDs engaged and A/THR on}?
A64. If the FDs are engaged in OP DES modeand, if the flight crew does notfollow
the FD bars to maintain the commanded pitch, the aircraft decelerates (insufficient
descentrate and idle thrust).If the airspeed reaches VLS-2, both FDs disengage. (If
speedbrakes are extended, the FDsdisengage between VLS-2 and VLS-19,
depending on the position of the speedbrakes).The A/THR, if active, reverts to
SPEED mode upon FDs disengagement, and increases thrust torecover the speed
target.
Q65. What happens when a/c speed goes above VMAX while climbing in OP
CLB {with no AP but both FDs engaged and A/THR on}?
A65. If FDs are engaged in OPEN CLIMB and the flight crew doesnot follow the FD
bars to maintain the commanded climb (pitch too low and autothrust in
maximumclimb thrust), the aircraft accelerates.Both FDs disengage when VMAX+4
is reached (VMAX being VMO, VLE or VFE). If the A/THR isactive, it reverts to
SPEED mode and reduces the thrust to recover the speed target.
What happens to THR IDLE mode of A/THR if a/c speed drops below VLS?
A66. The A/THR, if active, reverts to SPEED mode upon FDs disengagement, and
increases thrust torecover the speed target.
What happens to THR CLB mode of A/THR if a/c speed increases above VMAX?
A67. The A/THR, reverts to SPEED mode and reduces the thrust to recover the
speed target.
Q69. In climb, if you set FCU altitude below current a/c altitude, what will
happen?
A69. A Mode Reversion would occur and V/S (or FPA) engages on current V/S (or
FPA).
Q70. In descend, if you set FCU altitude above current a/c altitude, what
will happen?
A70. A Mode Reversion would occur and V/S (or FPA) engages on current V/S (or
FPA).
Q71. You are climbing with THR CLB / CLB / NAV engaged on FMA. ATC
advises you to come on a heading. By selecting heading, what will happen?
A71. A Mode Reversion would occur and “CLB” will revert to “OPEN CL”.
Q72. You are descending with THR IDLE / DES / NAV engaged on FMA. ATC
advises you to come on a heading. By selecting heading, what will happen?
A72. A Mode Reversion would occur and the A/THR would revert to SPEED mode
and AP/FD pitch mode would revert to V/S mode.
Q73. When will you see “CHECK APPR SELECTION” message on MCDU?
A73. “CHECK APPR SELECTION” message appears when a NON ILS or NON MLS
approach is part of the F-PLN and anILS/MLS is manually-tuned on the RAD NAV
page. It remindsthe flight crew that APP NAV/FINAL are the available
guidancemodes for the approach. Displayed when in cruise at less than100 nm from
the top of descent, or in descent, or approachphase.
Q75. Once on ILS {LOC + G/S engaged}, ILS approach can be discontinued
by pressing APPR P/b, if a/c is above 400 ft {by pressing APPR P/B.}
A75. True.
Q76. Once on ILS {LOC + G/S engaged},if LOC or G/S signal is lost for
more than 7 seconds and above 200ft RA, AP/FD disengages and FDs
reengage in basic modes of {HDG V/S or TRK FPA}
A76. True.
Q77. LAND Mode engages automatically when LOC and G/S Modes are
engaged, and the a/c is below 400 feet RA. No action on FCU will
disengage LAND Mode.
A77. True.
Q79. What will happen if there is a complete loss of ILS when LOC & G/S
modes were engaged with one AP & both FDs ON?
A79. The PFD and ND display red LOC and G/S flags (if the ILS pushbutton has
been pressed green). LOC and G/S scales disappear from the PFD.
The AP disengages.
Q80. What would cause a red AUTOLAND light to illuminate below 200′?
A80. The following situations, when occurring below 200 ft RA with the aircraft in
LAND mode,trigger theflashing Autoland red warning and a triple click aural
warning:
‐ Excessive deviation in LOC (1/4 dot above 15 ft RA) or GLIDE (1 dot above 100 ft
RA). In addition,
LOC and GLIDE scales flash on the PFD.
‐ Loss of LOC signal above 15 ft, or loss of GLIDE signal above 100 ft. The FD bars
flash on the
‐ The difference between both radio altimeter indications is greater than 15 ft.
Q82. During the ROLL OUT mode of an autoland approach, how is nose
wheel steering controlled?
A82. Each ELAC receives a nose wheel steering command from the two FMGCs :
>AP engagement
The BSCU uses this command associated with commands from the controlwheel
and rudder pedals to compute nose wheel control angle.The command from the
FMGC and the command from the rudder pedals arelimited with respect to the
speed.The command from the FMGC is used after landing during rollout.
‐ The aircraft has been on ground for less than 30 s (AP disengages and can be re-
engaged 5 safter lift-off).
‐ The FMA displays A/THR mode in green in the first column and “A/THR” in white in
the fifth
Q87. What happens if both thrust levers are set above CL detent in case of
both engines?
A87. When both thrust levers are set above the CL detent (both engines operative),
the A/THRreverts from active to armed.“A/THR” turns to blue on the FMA and the
thrust levers control thrust directly.The FMA displays “MAN THR” in white in its first
column.The thrust levers provide the flight crew with an immediate increase of
thrust when both thrustlevers are pushed above the CL detent (two engines).
Q88. After Take-Off, once out of thrust reduction altitude, if you bring back
the thrust levers to below CLB gate, what will happen?
A88. When both thrust levers are set below the CL detent (both engines operative),
a repeating warning (amber caution, single chime,“A/THR LIMITED” ECAM
message) is activated every 5 s until the flight crew moves the leverback into the
detent. “LVR CLB” (both engines operative) flasheswhite in the first column of the
FMA.This device reminds the flight crew that the normal operating position of the
thrust levers, whenA/THR active, is the CL detent (two engines).
Q90. You are about to perform a Take- Off but you realize that you have
not inserted FLEX temperature. Can you still take off?
A90. Yes.
Q91. While a/c in cruise, with the thrust lever in CLB gate, A/THR
disconnects on its own. What will happen and what warning/message will
be shown?
A91. The “THRUST LOCK” function would be activated. The following
warning/messages would be shown:
‐ A single chime sounds and the Master Caution light flashes every 5 s.
Q96. If thrust levers are brought to idle when A/THR was active, what
happens?
A96. The A/THR disconnects.
‐ Sidestick deflection is greater than 14 ° nose up, with either the pitch attitude or
theangle-of-attack protection active.
Q98. When will “TOGA LK” be annunciated and how to cancel TOGA Lock?
A98. “TOGA LK” in green, surrounded by a flashing amber box on the FMA, is
annunciated when the aircraft leavesthe α-floor conditions. TOGA thrust is frozen.
To cancel TOGA LK thrust, the flight crew must disconnect the autothrust.
Q99. What do you mean by “APPROACH AUTOTHRUST”?
A99. Below 3 200 ft RA, with at least CONF 1, the A/THR logic is modified to be
more responsive to
Q100. With auto thrust active, what is the upper limit of the EPR target?
A100. In the autothrust mode (A/THR function active), the FMGC computes the
thrust, which is limited tothe value corresponding to the thrust lever position
(unless the alpha-floor mode is activated).
>1 EIU, or
>Both FMGCs.
Q102. What are the conditions when low energy warning (SPEED, SPEED,
SPEED) will get activated?
A101. An aural low-energy “SPEED SPEED SPEED” warning, repeated every 5 s,
warns the pilot that theaircraft’s energy level is going below a threshold under
which he has to increase thrust, in order toregain a positive flight path angle
through pitch control.It is available in Configuration 2, 3, and FULL. The FAC
computes the energy level with the followinginputs:
‐ Aircraft configuration
A104. Yes.
Q105. Must the flight director be on for the wind shear function of the
FAC’s to operate normally?
A105. In windshear conditions, flight guidance acts on specially adapted FD pitch
orders received from thespeed reference system (SRS). The pilot must set go
around thrust immediately (which also triggersthe FD SRS mode), and follow the
pitch order to execute the optimum escapemaneuver.
Q106. What is the minimum value which you can feed for Thrust reduction
altitude (THR RED ALT) on Take-Off PERF page?
A106. 400 ft.
Q109. A GO-Around has been carried out without setting thrust levers to
TOGA position. What is the effect of this on the flight plan?
A109. If the thrust levers are not set to the TOGA detent briefly, the FMS does not
engage the Go-Around phase, and flying over, or close to the airport (less than 7
nm) will sequence the Destination waypoint in the F-Plan.
Q110. What does the drift shown for the each IR on the last of the POSN
MONITOR page indicate?
A110. The drift displayed shows the deviation in nautical miles of each IRSposition
from the onside FMGC position.
Q113. VOR APPR is selected on ARRIVAL page, ILS is tuned on RAD NAV
page, what happens if APPR push button is pressed?
A113. The MCDU would display “CHECK APPR SELECTION”. This messageis a
reminder that the available APPR guidance modes are APP NAV and FINAL.
Q116. When do you get “CHECK WEIGHT MESSAGE”? What are you
supposed to do if current gross weight on the MCDU is correct?
A116. The “CHECK GROSS WEIGHT” message appears when the gross weights
(GW) computed bythe flight managementcomputer (FMC) and the flight
augmentation computer (FAC),disagree by more than 7 t (7.7 U.S tons).
If the FMS GW is correct, the characteristic speeds computed by the FAC (displayed
on PFD) are not correct.
QRH OPERATING SPEEDS…………………………………………………………………………USE
DISARM the A/THR with the Instinctive Disconnect P/b on the thrust levers.
Q118. In flight, you see that MCDU on F/O side is locked. What will you do?
A118. PULL the CB for the locked MCDU, and push it back in after 10 seconds.
Q119. What is the procedure if MCDU is frozen after you access “DIR TO”
function?
A119.In such a case, the MCDU simultaneously displays an “A/C POSITION
INVALID” SCRATCHPAD message in White. The action to be taken is to apply the
manual reset procedure to successively reset both FMGC’s.
Q121. When do you get “ALIGN IRS” and what is your action?
A121. “ALIGN IRS” appears when the IRS are ready for alignment, but the IRSINIT
page is notdisplayed on either MCDU. The ALIGN IRSmessage requires that one
flight crew member call up the IRSINIT page, to align the IRS.
Q123. In ROSE NAV mode, what does a continuous green line indicate?
A123. This continuous green line is called the Track Line and appears in green only
in the ROSE NAV or ARC mode when HDG or TRK has beenselected on the FCU.
Q125. If the FPV is above the horizon line, what is the aircraft actually
doing?
A125. The aircraft is climbing.
Q126. If the FPV (Flight Path Vector) symbol is right of center, where is
the wind coming from?
A126. Left.
Q127. When would a takeoff shift be entered into the PERF TO page?
A127. The takeoff shift is the distance in meters or feetbetween the beginning of
the runway and the aircraft’stakeoff position. When taking off from an
intersection,the flight crew should insert this value to ensure acorrect update of the
FM position.
d) In which mode A/THR will engage when you move thrust levers to CLB detent?
(b) Yes.
(c) Yes.
(e) No.
Q129. Mark True / False about Alpha-Floor protection for each sentence:
A129. A. When Alpha-floor protection is activated, thrust will be set to TOGA value
irrespective of any thrust lever position. – TRUE.
B. Alpha-floor protection is available from lift-off until a/c reaches 100 RA in
approach. – TRUE.
C. In case of single engine, alpha-floor is available only in CONFIG 0 and alpha-floor
is not available when slats / flaps are extended. – TRUE.
Q130. Mark True / False about wind-shear detection function for each
sentence:
130. A. Wind shear function is available at takeoff 3secs after liftoff until 1300 feet.
It is not available just after T/O. – TRUE.
1. At landing, it available from 1300 RA to 50 FT. – TRUE.
2. At least CONFIG 1 is required for this function to be available.– TRUE.
Q131. With DES mode engaged and you extend speed brakes, descent rate
of a/c will increase only if a/c is above profile.
A131. True.
Q134. Pulling out V/S Knob or ALT Knob will disengage the EXPED mode.
A134. True.
Q135. Pushing EXPED knob again will not disengage the mode.
A135. True.
Q136. In hand flying { FDs On but AP off}, if a/c speed goes beyond
VMAX+4, both FDs will disengage and A/THR will revert to SPEED if active
and reduce the thrust to recover the speed.
Same way, during descend, In hand flying {FDs On but AP off}, if a/c speed goes
below VLS-2 kts, both FDs will disengage and A/THR will revert to SPEED if active
and reduce the thrust to recover the speed.
What happens during climb, when speed drops below VLS due to high V/S and V/S
mode engaged?
A136. The FMGS adjusts the pitch bar so that VLS ismaintained.
Q137. What happens during descend when speed increases above Vmax
due to high V/S and V/S mode engaged?
A137. The FMGS adjusts the pitch bar so that VMAXis maintained.
Q138. On what basis, FMGC computes its own automatic landing
capabilities? e.g CAT1, CAT2, CAT3 SINGLE or CAT3 DUAL
A138. The FMGC computes its own landing category depending upon the availability
of aircraft systems and functions. When the landing capability downgrades, a triple
click aural warning is activated.
stall.During the approach, the FMGS continuously computes the speed target using
the windexperienced by the aircraft in order to keep the ground speed at or above
the “Ground Speed
Mini”.