Lesson 1: Philippine Culture and Society during the era of colonization

Objectives:

At the end of the lesson, you will be able to:

a. Create a timeline of the Philippine society and culture in the era of
colonization.
b. Trace the history of Philippine culture and society.
c. Express comments on the development of Philippine culture and society.

Input

Pre-historic Philippine Society and Culture

• The story of man in the Philippine islands that took place before writing was used to
record events is about 1500 times longer than the historic period. The beginning of
Filipino culture and society will never be fully known.
• The history of Philippine culture and society can be traced from the era of OLD STONE
AGE to NEW STONE AGE from Pastoral to agricultural, industry until today where
technology is present.
• One of the most important breakthroughs was the recovery of fossil human bodies in
tabon cave, Palawan in 1962.
• It was not until about 700 years later that the Spanish explores started the recording of
events that took place in the islands.
• Even then, tremendous gaps existed since not all aspects of what transpired were
recorded, nor were all events documented.
• There was also human error and bias. The larger part of the story of man, his culture, the
manner with which he obtained his daily needs, his beliefs, and values, how he
progressed through time from the earliest periods, the changes that he and his manner
of living underwent as he met with other people not only of these islands but the larger
region of Southeast Asia and the rest of Asia and the Pacific, lies far beyond living
memory and therefore difficult to recall or even to imagine.
• What is obvious is that there is not just one story of the past for the entire of the islands
but many, and a number of these are connected while others, completely separated.
QUICK CHECK!
1. In what era the Philippine culture and society started?
2. What is the most important breakthrough of history of Philippine culture and society?
3. Recording the events in the Philippine started when________ explore the country.

SPANISH
INFLUENCE

• The Spanish have had a huge influence on Filipino culture.

• They left their mark probably more so than any other foreign nation to which the
Philippines was subjected.
3 Objectives of Spaniards
1. Spread Christianity(Catholic Church)
2. Gain wealth(spice trade)
3. political power (conquering land)
Here are a few specific ways that Spain influenced the Philippines during its reign
LANGUAGE
• Today it is estimated that about 20% of Tagalog words are Spanish.
• In fact, the common Tagalog greeting “Kumusta” was derived from the Spanish “Como
esta” (How are you).
Spanish word(Filipino-ized)

• Diyos (God) • Kabayo (horse)

• Eskwela (school) • Kwento (story)
• Gwapo (handsome) • Karne (meat)
• Kalye (street) • Pamilya (family)
 • Sapatos (shoes)
• Bintana (window)

CATHOLICISM
• It was part of the Spanish conquest to convert all the natives to Christ through their
Catholic tradition.
• Today as a result, the Catholic church still remains a very powerful force in the
Philippines.
LAST NAMES
• In 1849, the Governor sent out an order that all families were to choose a new last name
from a list of Spanish last names (in order to create a more organized system of keeping
track of people).
• As a result, today there are many Spanish last names still in use, such as Garcia, Cruz,
Reyes, Mora, Vasquez, Valdez, Flores, Ramos, Perez, Villanueva, Ortiz, etc.
CAPITAL CITY AND COUNTRY NAME
• An interesting to note is that the Spanish were the ones who appointed Manila as the
capital city of the Philippines.
• They also named the islands “Filipinas” after Prince Philip os Asturias, who later became
the King of Spain.
Education
• Catholic-run schools
• New subjects to their academia such as math, Spanish, and business.
• In time, the Spanish also set up colleges (segregated by gender).
• One of the more well-known of these colleges is the university of Santo Tomas, which
was established back in 1611.
FOOD
• Here is a list of some of them: Ham, Coffee, Beer, Bread, Sausage, Beef, Pickles,
Sardines
• The Spanish also introduced forks, spoons, plates, and cups to the Philippines.
 AMERICAN
INFLUENCE

History of America in the Philippines

• In 1898, the United States declared war on Spain, ultimately resulting in what is called
the Treaty of Paris, in which the Spanish agreed to give up the islands of the Philippines
in exchange for $20,000,000.
Religious Freedom
• The people began to be free to join whatever religion they wanted.
• Today, it’s remarkable to see just how many different Christian churches there are in the
Philippines – this religious diversity has become a big part of the culture.
Free Education
• Americans introduced the idea of free education to the Philippine islands.
• A large group of these teachers were called “Thomasites,” named after the boat that they
came on, called Thomas.
English Language
• During this time, English began to be taught in the schools, and this is the language that
the teachers would use.
• “Taglish” has literally become part of the culture.
• English words have made their way into the Tagalog language.
English-Filipino-ized language
• Cake = Keyk • it
• Cookie = Kukis • Ballpen= Bolpen
• Biscuit = BiskwEnglish-Filipino-ized • Interview = Interbyu
language
• Computer = Kompyuter
 • X-ray = Eksrey
FOOD
• Hamburgers
• Sandwiches
• Oatmeal
• Ketchup
• Chewing gum
• Apple pie
• Mayonnaise
• Hot dogs
• Steak Ice cream
• Corn flakes
RESTAURANT
 JAPANESE
INFLUENCE
• Japanese conquer the country in a short period, they did not leave much that
was permanently adopted into the Filipino culture. But they definitely change the
way things were done during their time in the Philippines.
• A strict curfew was enforced Japanese currency was introduced Barangays
(neighborhood government systems)
• Today, the most notable Japanese influence on Filipino culture has been in
technology – such as karaoke, videoke, cameras, etc.
Clothing
ACTIVITY:
We discussed yesterday about the history of Philippine culture and society and we
learned that the story of our history is not a one story of a man, but it is a story of
individual some are similar some are completely separated.
 Your task is to find an old/aged person at home or in your neighbor (probably the
oldest person you can find at home or in the neighbor).
 Interview that person with regards to how the Philippine society and culture look
like when she/he is young or even young adult and what are their practices,
customs, and tradition before. Also include how his/her parents describe
Philippines during their time. (Much better if she or he can tell a story about how
Spaniards, Americans and Japanese conquer the country)

RUBRICS
Content- 30
Organization- 15
Mechanics- 5
Total- 50
EVALUATION
Create a concept map on the influence of 3 colonizers in the Philippines to our culture
and society.
Rubrics:
Content- 35
Creativity- 30
Relevance- 20
Organization- 15
Tota-100