ASME B18.12 (1962) - Glossary of Terms For Mechanical Fasteners

A M E R CI A N
S T A N D A R D
Glossary of Terms for

Mechanical Fasteners
ASA B18.12-1!62
U D C 621.88 (038)
Society of Automotive Engineers

The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
ICAL ENGINEERS
New Yark 17, N. Y.
COPYRIGHT American Society of Mechanical Engineers

Licensed by Information Handling Services
Foreword
ECTIONAL COMMITTEE B18 on Dimensional Standardization of Bolts, Nuts, Rivets, Screws,

S andSimilarFasteners was organizedinMarch,1922undertheprocedure
Standards Association with the Society ofAutomotiveEngineersand
of theAmerican
The American Society of
Mechanical Engineers as joint sponsors.
Subcommittee 10 on the Glossary of Terms for Mechanical Fasteners was organized in Febru-
ary, 1947. The purpose of the subcommittee was to promote and coordinate the standardization of
fastener nomenclature for those products falling under the- scope of the various other subcom-
mittees of the B18 Sectional Committee, the definitions them'selves being the responsibility of the
cognizant subcommittee. It was later decided that terms not strictly in the above category but
closely allied should also be defined in the Glossary.
During the development period, severa1 drafts of the Glossary were prepared and studied by
Subcommittee 10 before a suitable format and content could be agreed upon.
In order to cover completely the field of mechanical fasteners, it has been-necessary to include
in this standard illustrations of certain fastener features and types of fasteners which are of pro-
prietary origin. Since i t was physically impossible to include all variations of such proprietary
designs, the standard includes selected illustrations which exemplify the type of fastener or fea-
ture described. This selection w a s made on an impartial basis and ihe inclusion of any one pro-
prietary design in the standard does not constitute endorsement by the Committee or the sponsors
nor is omission of certain styles to be construed a s rejection of such styles by the committee
and sponsors.
There are some definitions i n this Glossary which are controversial, but since their resolution
could unduly delay issuance of the Glossary, it was decided that the Glossary should be issued
now. However, thesecontroversialdefinitionsaretobeconsideredatanearlydateandthe
Glossaryrevisedasrequired.yheCommitteewillwelcomereceivingsuggestions for improve-
m e n t of the standard.
ASA B18.10 was approved by theB18SectionalCommittee,thesponsors,andtheAmerican
Standards Association, and it was designated as an American Standard on June 22, 1962.
Any part of this standard may be quoted. Credit lines should read: "Extracted from American
Standard Glossary of Terms for Mechanical Fasteners (ASA'B18.12-1962), with the permission
of the publisher, The American Society of Mechanical Engineers, United Engineering Center,
345 East 47th Street, New York 17, New York."
Copyright, 1962,- by
T H E AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL, ENGINEERS
Printed in U. S. A.
Reprinted 1971

OFFICERS OF SECTIONAL COMMITTEE
R. P. Trowbridge, Chairman, Director, Engineering Standards Section, Engineering Staff, General
Motors Technical Center, Warren., Michigan.
F. V. Kupchak, Vice Chairman, Westinghouse Elec. Corp., Standards Cept. 2-F, East Pittsburgh, Pa.
R.B. Belford. Secretarv. Technical Advisor, Industrial Fasteners Institute, 1517 Terminal Tbwer.
Cleveland 13, Oiio.
Personnel of Subcommittee 10
I. H. Fullmer, Chairman, Chief, Engineering Metrology Section, National Bureau of Stds, Washington 25, D.C
C.M. Wright, Vice Chairman, Helical Washer Institute, 7608 Sweetbriar Road, Route b l , Orchard Lake, Mich.
R.B. Belford, Technical Advisor, Industrial Fasteners Institute, 1517 Terminal Tower, Cleveland 13, Ohio.
A. R. Breed, Product Engineer, The Lamson & Sessions Co., 5000 Tiedeman Road, Cleveland 9, Ohio.
W.S. Brown, 120 1 Golfside Avenue, N.W., Roanoke, Virginia.
E. J.Heldmann, Chief Engineer, Holo-KromeScrew Corp., Hartford 10, Connecticut.
W.P. Kliment, Engineer of Standards,. EngrK. Div., Crane Co., Industrial Products Corp., 4100 S. Kedzie Ave.,
" "
Chicago- 32,'illinois.
J. R. Rees.,Engineering
~~
- Metroloav
-, Section. National Bueau of Standards, Washington 25, D. C .
C. F. Schaening, Engineering Standards Se&ion, Engrg. Staff, Gen'l Motors Technical Center,.
Warren,Michigan.

CONTENTS
P age
1 . INTRODUCTORY NOTES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2 . GENERALTERMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Terms Relating to Fasteners in General
2.2 . . . . . . 6
Terms Relating to Components and Construction of Fasteners
2.3 . . . . . . . . . . 17
Terms Relating to Dimensions and Size of Fasteners
2.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Terms Relating to Manufacture of Fasteners
2.5 . . . . . . 26
Terms Relating to Material and Heat Treatment of Fasteners
. . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
2.6 TermsRelating to Finish of Fasteners
3. BOLTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
4 . STUDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
5 . SCREWS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
6. NUTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
7. WASHERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
8. RIVETS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
9 . PINS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
10. MISCELLANEOUSFASTENERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
INDEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

AMERICANSTANDARD
GlossaryofTermsfor Mechanical Fasteners
1, INTRODUCTORY NOTES 2.1.2 Commercial Fastener commercial

A
fastener is a fastener manufactured to published
1.1 SCOPE standards and stocked by manufacturers or dis-
tributors. T h e material,dimensions,andfinish
T h i s g l o s s a r y is intended to present general of commercial fasteners conform to the quality
practicerelativetonomenclatureprevailingin level generally recognized by manufacturers and
industry. Ics availability will tend to make pos- users as commercial quality.
sible, throughfurtherdevelopment,theelimina-
tion of inconsistencies in nomenclature and pro-
vide t h e b a s i s forcataloging by users and pro- 2.1.3 CompressionFastenerAcompression
ducers.Ithasbeenarranged to give a s much fastener is a fastenerthe primaryfunction of
specificinformation a s possible,in as brief a which is to resistforceswhichtend to com-
scope a s practicable,both by definitionsand press it.
illustrations. Articles shown in this glossary are
not necessarily available or manufactured. 2.1.4 EnduranceLimitTheendurancelimit
Therequirements of mechanicaldesignhave is the maximum stress that a fastener can with-
resultedinanextensivevariety of typesand stand without failure for a specified number of
sizes of mechanical fasteners. The large number stress cycles. (Also called Fatigue Limit.)
of productsandthevariety of namesbywhich
they are known have made this glossary neces-
sary.Thenaming of theseproductsshouldbe
based on the shape or features of the products. 2.1.5 FinishedFastener A finishedfastener
Unfortunately,thenameshave sometimes been is a fastener madeto close tolerances and hav-
taken from thenames of themachines,appli- ing surfaces other than the threads and bearing
ances, material, or application on which they are surface finished to provide a general high grade
used,andsometimes from the size of the fas- appearance. (See 2.1.16 Semi-Finished Fastener,
tener.Thus a clearconcept of theproductfor 2.1.23 Unfinished Fastener.)
which a particular name stands requires specific
information with regard to the distinguishing fea-
tures of the product, its usual applications, and
other characteristics which differentiate similar
products having different names.
2.1.6 HeadedFastener
Aheaded
fastener
is a fastenerhavingoneendenlarged.orpre-
formed.
2. GENERAL TERMS 2.1.7 HeadlessFastenerAheadless fas-

tener is a fastener, either threaded or unthreaded,
2.1 TERMSRELATINGTOFASTENERS IN which does not have either end enlarged.
GENERAL
The following terms and categories are often
used to define fasteners or properties thereof by 2.1.8 HighStrengthFastenerAhighstrength
theirfunction, or dimensionalandphysical at- fastener is a fastenerhavinghightensileand
tributes: shear strengths attained through combinations of
materials, work-hardening, and heat treatment.
2.1.1 Fastener Afastener is a mechani-
caldevice for holdingtwoormorebodies in
definite positions with respect to each other. 2.1.9 Mechanical Properties hiechanical prop-

AMERICAN STANDARD
erties are those properties which involve a rela- 2.1.17 S h e a Fastener A shear fastener
tionship between strain and stress. is a fastenerwhoseprimaryfunction is tore-
sist forces which tend to shear it.
2.1.10 NonstandardFastener A nonstandard

fastener is a fastenerwhichdiffersin size,
length,material, or finish from establishedand
standards.
published 2.1.18 Fastener
Special fastener
A special
is a fastener which differs in any respect from
2.1.11 PhysicalPropertiesPhysicalproper recognized standards.
ties are the properties defining the basic charac
teristics of the material or fastener.
2.1.13 ProofLoad A proofload is a speci-

fied test loadwhich a fastener must withstand
without
indication
any of failure. 2.1.20 Stock
Fastener A stock
fastener
is a fastenerwhich is commerciallystockedin
quantity
by
manufacturers or distributors of
2.1.14 Proof Test A proof test is anyspeci- fasteners.
fied test required for a fastener to indicate that
it is suitable for the purpose intended.
2.1.15 Quality
Qualitydenotes
the
suit-
2.1.21 Tension
Fastener A tension fas-
Of a fastener for the purpose for which tener is a fastener whose primaryfunctionis to
it is intended.Qualityshouldnotbeconfused resist forces which tend elongate it.
with vrecision or workmanship as i t is Dossible
thatprecisionparts of goodworkmanshipand
finish can be of poor quality if they fail to per-
fornl thefunctio;for\hichthey &e intended.
2.1.22 ThreadedFastener A threaded
fas-
Also for countlessapplicationsgoodquality
parts do not requireprecision or fine finish in tener is a fastener a portion o f whichhas Some
form of screw thread.
order to servesatisfactorily.(See 2.1.12 Pre-
2.1.16 Semi-FinishedFastener A semi-

finished fastener is a fastener made to the same 2.2 TERMS RELATING TO COMPONENTS AND
basic dimensions a s a finished fastener but hav- CONSTRUCTION OF FASTENERS
inggreatertoleranceson most dimensionsand
onlythe
bearing
surface
and
threads
finished.
The
followingtermsare commonly used i n
(See 2.1.5 FinishedFastener, 2.1.23 Unfinisheddesignating the variouscomponentfeaturesand
tion of elements
Fastener.) of fasteners.

GLOSSARY OF TERMS FOR MECHANICAL FASTENERS
2.2.1 Bearing
Surface The bearing sur Bearing
Surface
face is thesupporting or locatingsurface of a
fastener with respect to the part which it fastens
(mates).Theloading of afastener is usually
through the bearing surface.
2.2.2 Blank A blank is afastenerin sow

intermediate stage of manufacture.
2.2.3 Body T h e body of athreadedfastener

i s the unthreaded portion of the shank.
2.2.3.1 Bound Body (Body-Bound or Fitted)

A bound body is a body which has a definite in-
terference or extremely small clearance with its
mating hole.
2.2.3.2 Externally Relieved Body An ex-

ternallyrelieved body is abodyonwhichthe
diameter of the entire body or a portion thereof
is reduced to less than the minimum pitch diam
eter of the thread.
2.2.3.3 Full or Nominal DiameterBody A

full or nominal diameter body is a body the diam-
eter of which is generally within the dimensional
l i m i t s of the major diameter of the thread. Some-
t i m e s referred to a s "full size body. "
2.2.3.4 Internally Relieved Body An inter-

nally relieved body is a body which has an axial
hole drilled through a portion of the body.
2.2.3.5 Reduced DiameterBody A reduced A

diameterbody .is a body thediameter of which
may range from the minimum pitchdiameter to
the minimum major diameter of the thread and is
common on screws having rolled threads. Some-
times referred to as "undersizebody,"which
term is not recommended. n
2.2.4 Collar A collar is raised

flange of material on thehead
fastener.
a ring or
or shank of a
d L o l l a r

AMERICAN STANDARD
2.2.5 Cross Drilled A crossdrilled fas-

tener is a fastener having one or more holes in
thehead or shank at rightanglesto,andnor
mally intersecting, the axis of the fastener.
Cross Drilled Head 1
2.2.6 Fillet A fillet is theconcave junc-

tion at two intersecting surfaces of a fastener.
-Underhead Fillet-,
2.2.6.1 Underbead Fillet An underhead

fillet is the fillet at the junction of the head and
shank of a headed fastener.
2.2.7 Fin A fin is a form ofkeyunderthe

head of a fastener which serves to keep the fas-
tener from turning during assembly and use.
2.2.8 Grip In general,thegrip of a fastener

is the thickness of material or partswhichthe
fastener is designed to secure when assembled.
/ Head /
2.2.9 HeadThehead of a fastener is the

enlarged shape preformed on one end of a headed
fastener to provide a bearing surface.
Cross
2.2.9.1 Recessed Head A recessedhead Recess
is a head having a specially formed indentation Head
or recess centered in its top surface. Two com-
mon forms of recessed heads are the ‘%ross Re-
cess” and ‘%lutch Recess.” Clutch
Recessed Heads
2.2.9.2 Slotted Head A slottedhead is a

head having a slot centered acrossits top surface.
8
9.
ED Slotted Head

ASME BIB912 h2 2575532 0034423 O m
2 . 2 . 9 . 3 Threaded Fastener Headstyles The

various stylesof heads commonly usedon threaded
fasteners are described and illustrated below and
their application shown in Table 1, page 12.
2.2.9.3.1 BallHead Aballhead
head approximately spherical in shape.
is a
0 0 Ball Head
side
2.2.9.3.2 BindingHead
has a rounded top surface,
surface
and
shank.
a bearing
flat surface,
Thebinding head
slightly
tapered
a portion
ofwhich i s sometimes undercut adjacent to the
(-JBinding
~-~
2.2.9.3.3 Button Head A button head as

applied to threaded fasteners has a low rounded
top surface with a large flat bearing surface. (See
2.2.9.3.23 Truss Head.) O D Button
Head
2 . 2 . 9 . 3 . 4 Fillister
Head The
fillister
head has a rounded top surface, cylindrical side
and
surface a flat surface.
bearing o mFillister Iiead
bearing
flat
surface.
surface
aside
and
2.2.9.3.5
fillister head has
FlatFillisterHead T h e flat
a flat top surface, cylindrical
OFlat Fillister Ilead
D
2 . 2 . 9 . 3 . 6 FlatHead The flat head has a
flat topsurfaceand a conicalbearingsurface
withhead angles of nominally82degrees or
100 degrees. (See 2.2.9.3.16 RoundCountersunk
[lead )
2 . 2 . 9 . 3 . 7 FlatTrimHead T h ef l a t trim
head has a smaller head diameter and lower head
height than the standard flat head.
Flat Trim l i e d
2.2.9.3.8 FlatUndercutHead T h e flat

undercut head is basically the same a s the stand-
ard 82O flat head except i t is undercut to 70 per
cent of the basic head height.
.. . - -

AMERICANSTANDARD
2.2.9.3.9 Headless A headlessthreaded

fastener is a fastener normally having a slot, re-
cess, or socket in one end.
Headless
2.2.9.3.10 Hexagon Head Thehexagon

head has a flat or indented top surface, six flat
sides, and a flat bearing surface.
Hexagon Flead
2.2.9.3.1 1 HexagonrasherHead The

hexagon washer head is a washer head upon which
a hexagon head is formed. (See 2.2.9.3.25 K’asher
Head. )
Hexagon Washer Head
O D
2.2.9.3.12 Oval Head The oval head has
a rounded top surface and a conical bearing s u r
face with head angle of nominally 82 degrees.
Oval Head
2.2.9.3.13 Oval Trim Head T h e o v a l trim
head has a smaller head diameter and lower head
height than the standard oval head with
conical bearing surf ace.

a con-
trolled radius at the junction of the top and the
O D
Oval Trim llead
2.2.9.3.14 Oval Undercut Head The oval

undercuthead is the same basic head as the
standard oval head except it is shorter. The screw
head is undercut to 70 per cent of the basic head
side height to afford a greater length of thread.
Oval Undercut- Head
2.2.9.3.15 PanHead Thepanheadhas

a flatbearingsurfaceand a flattopsurface
roundinginto a cylindricalsidesurface. On re-
cessed pan heads, the top surface is semi-ellip
tical, rounding into a cylindrical side surface.
Pan Head
2.2.9.3.16 Round CountersunkHead T h e

round countersunk head is a circular head having
a flattopsurfaceandconicalbearingsurface.
(See 2.2.9.3.6 Flat Flead.) Round Counte&k Nead
10

2.2.9.3.17 Round Head The round head

h a s a semi-elliptical top surface and a flat bear-
ing surface.
2.2.9.3.18 Round Washer Head T h e round

washer head is a washer head upon which a round
head is formed. (See 2.2.9.3.25 rasherHead.)
2.2.9.3.19 Socket Head Thesockethead

h a s a flat chamfered top surface with smooth or
0 db
Round
Wash er
He ad‘
knurled cylindrical side surface and a flat bear

ing surface. A hexagon or spline (formerly known
as“fluted”)socKet is usuallyformedinthe Head
center of the top surface.
2.2.9.3.20 Square Countersunk Head -*The

square countersunk head is a square head having
a flat top surface and pyramidal bearing surface.
Square Countersunk Head
2.2.9.3.21 SquareHead The square head

h a s a flat top surface, four flat sides, and a flat
bearing surface. Square heads on set screws have
a rounded top surface and may have an underhead
constructiontapered or radiuseddirectlyinto
the body. Square Wead
2.2.9.3.22 T-Head The T-head is anob-

long shaped head, having a rounded top surface,
flat sides, and a flat bearing surface.
2.2.9.3.23 T r u s s Head Thetrusshead

has a low rounded top surface with a flat bearing
surface. For a given screw size, the diameter of
the truss head is larger than the diameter of the
corresponding round head. It is sometimes called
“OvenHead” or “StoveHead.”(See 2.2.9.3.3
Button Head. )
2.2.9.3.24 Twelve-Point Head T h e t w e l v e
pointheadhas a flat or indentedtopsurface,
twenty-four short flat sides, a circular collar at
the bottom of the head and a flat bearing surface.
It is sometimes called “Double Hexagon Head.”
2.2.9.3.25 WasherHead A washerhead

is a head having a circular collar with a large
flatbearingsurfaceuponwhichvariousother
head styles are integrally superimposed.
11

AMERICAN STANDARD
2.2.9.3.26 A‘renching Head A wrenching ternally

to
the
sides of thehead,
rtIntemal
head i s a headhavingprovisionfordrivingor wrenching” designates
the
application
of a
holding by means of a wrench. “External wrench- wrench internally to a socket, the sides of which
ing” designates the application of a wrenchex- are parallel to the fastener axis.
Table 1 Common Applications of ThreadedFastenerHeadStyles

Drive Screws
Head Style Bolts Machine Tapping
Screws‘Wood cap Set
... ”
Screws
Screws
Screws suews
Metal I Wood
t or Recess
2.2.9.4 Unthreaded Fastener Head Styles

The various styles of heads commonlyused on
o m
unthreadedfastenersaredescribedandillus-
trated below.
2.2.9.4.1 Button Head A buttonhead is
a circularheadhaving a hemisphericaltop sur-
Button Head
o
face and
“Round
called a
” surface.
flat is sometimes
It
Head. bearing
2.2.9.4.2 Iligh Button Head A highbut-

ton head is a circular head having a high semi-
elliptical(acornshaped)topsurfaceand a flat
bearing surface. It i s sometimes cal€ed “Acorn High
Head
Button
Head.”
2.2.9.4.3 ConeHead A conehead is a

high conicalheadwith a small,flat,truncated
top and a flat bearing surface.
12

2.2.9.4.4 Countersunk Head A counter-

sunkheadisacircularheadhavingaflattop
surface and a conical bearing surface with head
angles that vary with the rivet type. (This head
designation is used for 8.3 small rivets, page 53;
The head designation used for 8.2 large rlvets,
page 59 is “FlatTopCountersunkHead,” but Countersunk Head
this head has the same form as the Countersunk
Head.)
2.2.9.4.4.1 FlatTopCountersunkHead
T h i s is theheaddesignationusedfor 8.2
largerivets.Seedefinitionof Countersunk
Head above,
2.2.9.4.4.2 FlatTopCountersunkHead
(with Chamfered Top) This head is similar to
a flat top countersunk head but has a cham-
fered top as shown in the figure.
(with Chamfered Top)
2.2.9.4.4.3 Round Top Countersunk Head
(Headdesignationusedfor 8.2 largerivets)
A roundtop countersunkhead is acircular
head having a rounded top surface and a coni-
cal bearing surface with a head angle of 78’.
Countersunk ‘Head
2.2.9.4.5 Flat Head A flat head is a low

cylindrical head having a flat top, rounded side
.surface and a flat bearmg surface.
O F l a t Head
2.2.9.4.6 Globe Head A globeheadisa

head approximately spherical in shape.
2.2.9.4.7 Machine Head A machinehead

is a high inverted conical head with a large flat
top, tapered side surface and a small flat bear-
ing surf ace.
2.2.9.4.8 OvalHead An ovalhead is a

circular head having a low rounded top surface
and a flat bearing surface. For a given size, the
ovalhead is thinnerthanthebuttonhead bur
thicker than the truss head.
2.2.9.4.9 Pan Head Thepanheadon

large rivets is a low conical head with a flat top
and flat bearing surface. The pan head on small
rivets has a semi-elliptical top surface and flat
bearing surface. Pan Head
13

AMERICANSTANDARD
2.2.9.4.10 SteepleHead A steeplehead

i s a sharpconicalheadhavingaflatbearing
surface.
o a
o
Steeple Head
b
2.2.9.4.1 1 Truss (Wagon Box) Head A
truss head is a large circular head having a low
rounded top surface and flat bearing surface.
Truss (Wagon Box) Head

2.2.10 Lug A lug is & e same a s 2.2.7 -Fin.
2.2.11 NeckNeck is used to define: (1) a

specialized form of a portion of the body of fas-
teners near the head to perform a definite func-
tion, such a s preventing rotation, etc.; and (2) a
reduced diameter of a portion of the shank of a
fastenerwhich is requiredfordesignor
facturingreasons.Variousneckstylesarede-
manu-
'
Neck
.@
scribed and illustrated below.
2.2.11.1 Fin Neck A finneck i s a style of

neckconsisting of two or more finsunderand
integral with the head.
2.2.11.2 Ribbed Neck A ribbedneck is a

style of neckconsisting of longitudinalribs
aroundtheshankadjacent to theunderside of
the head.
2.2.11.3 Square Neck A squareneck i s a

style of neckconsisting of a squareshoulder
formed integral with theunderside of thehead.
Square
Neck 63
2.2.1 1.4 Swell Neck
tapered or variable neck.
A swellneck is a
14
mo Swell Neck

2.2.12 Point The point of afastener is the

configuration of the end of the shank of a headed
fastener or of each end of a headless fastener.
P o i n t s of fasteners fall into the general catagories
described and illustrated below. Points applica-
ble to ser screwsandtappingscrewsarede-
scribed and illustrated under the respective s c r e w
typesinSection 5, page 43. Setscrewpoints,
shown on pages 45 and46, are also occasionally Point1
used on other types of fasteners.
2.2.12.1 Chamfer Point A chamferpoint i s
a truncatedconepoint,theend of which is a p
proximately flat and perpendicular to the fastener
axis. These points on threaded fasteners gener-
ally have point included angles of 45 to 90 de-
grees and a pointdiameterequalto o r slightly
l e s s than the minor diameter of the thread. This Chamfer Point
point is intended to facilitate entry of fasteners
into holes at assembly.
2.2.12.2 Cone Point A conepoint i sa

sharp conical point designed to perform perforat-
ing or aligning functions at assembly. 2DConePoint O
2.2.12.3 GimletPoint A gimletpointisa
threaded cone point usually having a point angle
of 45 to 50 degrees. It is used on thread forming
serem's such a s Type *‘-A” tapping screws, wood
Gimlet Point
screws, lag bolts, etc.
2.2.12.4 HeaderPoint A headerpointisa

chamferedpointnormallyproducedduringthe
heading operation. The screw blank is chamfered
before threads are rolled. It i s applied to machine
screw S in certain sizes and lengths.
Header Point
o
2.2.12.5 Nail Point A nail point is a sharp
pyramidal point generally having a point angle of
30 to 45 degrees, and i s produced by a pinching
operation.It is designed for piercing wood or N d Point
other resilient materials.
2.2.12.6 NeedlePoint A needlepointis a

conepoint of longlengthintended
piercing function.
to perform a
Needle Point O
2.2.12.7 OvalPoint
radiused
point,
sometimes
referred
An ovalpoint
“Crowned End” or ‘Xound Point.”

is a
to a s a
Oval Point
O
2.2.12.8 Pilot Point A pilotpointis a
cylindricalpointhaving a diametersomewhat
smaller than the shank diameter. It is designed t o Pilot Point
15

ASME BI,B.IZ 6 2 m 2575532 003111130 B W
AMERICANSTANDARD
facilitate the alignment and starting of such fas-

teners a s drivescrewsandgroovepinsinto
holes at assembly. (See 5.18.3 Full Dog Point,
page 45.)
2 . 2 . 1 2 . 9 PincbPoint
shortsharpconepoint,usuallyhaving
A pinchpoint
angle of 45 degrees, formed by a pinching opera-

tion. This point i s normally limited to diameters
of 1/4inch or smallerandisapplied
drivescrews,andType
is a
a point
to metal
“BP” tappingscrews.
Pinch Point
e
2.2.12.10 PluinPoint T h e termplainpoint
is applied to theend of a fastener cut approxi-
matelyflatandperpendicular
slightly
concave especially
when
threads
to thefastener
axis. These points o n threaded fasteners may be
are Plain Point
O
rolled.
2 . 2 . 1 2 . 1 1 Spherical Point A spherical point
is an oval point in which the ppint radius is equal
to half the shank diameter.
2.2.13 RibRibsaresmallridges of material

usually formed longitudinallyaroundtheshank.
\-Ribs 2
2.2.14 Shank Theshank is thatportion of

a headedfastenerwhichliesbetweenthehead
and the extreme point.
2.2.15 Shoulder A shoulder i sa ne n l a r g e d

portion of the body of a threadedfastener or
shank of a n unthreaded fastener.
Shoulder
A Thread7
2.2.16 Thread A thread is a ridge of uni-
form section in the form of a helix on t h e e x t e r
na1 or internalsurface of a cylinder. T h i s is
known a s a straight or parallelthread to dis-
tinguish it from a taperthreadwhich is formed
on B cone or frustum of a cone.
16

GLOSSARY O F TERMS FOR MECHANICAL FASTENERS
2.2.1.6.1 Right-Hand Thread A thread is a

right-handthread if, whenviewedaxially,it
winds in a clockwise and receding direction. All
threadsareright-handthreadsunlessotherwise
designated. Right-Hand Thread
2.2.16.2 Left-HandTbread A thread is a

left-hand thread if, when viewed axially, it winds
in a counterclockwiseandrecedingdirection.
All left-hand threads are designated LH. LehHand Thread
2.2.17 Washer Face A washer face

is
a
circular boss onthebearingsurface of abolt
or nut.
-Washer Face-
2.3 TERMS RELATING TO DIMENSIONS AND
SIZE OF FASTENERS
T h e following terms
are
commonlyused
in
designatingthesize and dimensioningof fas-
teners and their various components.
2.3.1 ActualSize An actual size is ameas-

ured size.
2.3.2 Allowance An allowance is an in-

tentional difference between the maximum mater-
ial limits of mating parts. It is the minimumclear-
ance (positive allowance) or maximum interfer-
ence(negativeallowance)betweensuchparts.
(See definition of “Fit,” 2.3.12)
Angularity
2.3.3 AngularityAngularity istheanglebe-

tween the axes of two surfaces of a fastener.
2.3.4 BasicSize
Thebasic
size
is
that
size from which the limits of size are derived by
theapplication of allowancesandtolerances.
2.3.5 BodyDiameterThebodydiameteris
the diameter of the body of a threaded fastener,
\1
L B a d y Diameter
2.3.6 Bow or Camber Bow or camber is the

amount that a side of a surface of a fastener de-
viates from being straight.
17

AMERICANSTANDARD
2.3.7 Chamfer Angle

The
chamfer
angle
i s theangle of thechamfermeasured from t h e
normalto the axis of the fastener and is g e n e r
ally specified in conjunction with either a length
o r a diameter.
2.3.8 Concentric,ConcentricityTwo surfaces

of a fastenerareconcentricwhentheyhave a
common center or axis. Concentricity is the term
used to describe this condition.
2.3.9 Countersink A countersink is a n

internal
chamfer.
2.3.10 Design Size Thedesign size is that

s i z e from which the limits of size are derived by
theapplication of tolerances. When there is no
allowancethedesign size is thesame as the
basic size.
2.3.11 Eccentric,EccentricityTwosurfaces
of a fastenerareeccentricwhentheydonot
+J+
Eccentricity
havethe same centeroraxis.Theamountby
whichthecenters or axesaredisplaced from * + o
each other is called eccentricity. This is not to
be confused with Total Indicator Reading (TIR).
(See 2.3.36 Runout.)
2.3.12 Fit Fit is thegeneral term used to
signify the range of tightness which may result
from the application of a specific combination of
allowances and tolerances in the design of m a p
ing parts.
2 . 3 . 1 2 . 1 Actual Fit Theactual fit between
two mating parts is the relation existing between
them with respect to the amount of clearance or
interference
which is presentwhentheyare
assembled.
2.3.13 HeadAngleTheheadangle is the

included angle of the bearing surface of the head.
2.3.14 HeadDiameter
The
head
diameter
isthediameter at thelargestperiphery of t h e
head.
2.3.15 HeadEccentricityHeadeccentricity
i s theamount that the head of a fastener is ec-
centric with the fastener body or shank.
18

m
2.3.16 HeadHeightFor
face head,theheadheight
tance.measuredDarallel
a flatbearing sur-
is theoveralldis-
to thefasteneraxis.
7 r eHeight
a d 1 Height 7t *Head
Height
from theextremetoptothebearingsurface.For
aconicalbearingsurfacehead,theheadheight
is the overall distance, measured in a line paral-
lel to the fastener axis, from the extreme top to
theintersection of thebearingsurfacewiththe
extendedthread major diametercylinderon a
threadedfastener or withtheshankonan un-
threaded
fastener.
For flat and
oval
undercut
Total
Head
Height Total Head
Height
heads, it is this distance measured to the inter-
section of the bearing surface with the undercut.
Forovalheadsandundercutovalheads,the
overalldistance is referred t o as totalhead
height. For head height see figures.
OVAL
HEAD
OVAL
UNDERCUT
HEAD
2.3.17 Head Length For rectangular or

irregularshapedheads,theheadlength is the
distancealongthelongest axis of thehead,
measuredinaplaneperpendicular to theaxis
of the fastener.
2.3.18 HeadTaperHeadtaper is theangle

formed by the side or s i d e s of the head and the
a x i s of thefastener.This is not applicable to
conventionalcountersunkheadsandshouldnot -BqHead Taper
be confused with head angle.
2.3.19 Head Width Theheadwidth is the

distance across opposite flatsof hexagon, square,
or twelve-point heads measured in a planeper-
pendicular to the fastener axis. For rectangular.
or irregular shaped heads, the headwidth is the
distancealongthenamowestaxis of thehead
measured in a like manner.
19

AMERICANSTANDARD
2.3.20 LengthThelength of a headed fas- PLength? +"-Length+

tener i s the distance from the intersection of the
largest diameter of the head with the bearing sur-
face totheextremepoint,measuredin a line
parallel to the axis of the fastener. Exceptions:
The length of a shoulder screw and a socket head W Bolt
shoulderscrew,page 4 6 , isthelength of the
1-
shoulder.Thelength of a flat topcountersunk PLengthY
head tubularrivet (with chamfered top)is measured I"tLength
from the intersection of the bearing surface with
theshankdiametertotheextremepoint.The
length of a headlessfastener is thedistance ,r - --
v""
from one extreme point to the other, measured in
a line parallel to the axis of the fastener.
Socket Head FlatCountersunk
Top
2.3.21 Length of ThreadEngagementThe Shoulder
Screw
Head
Tubular
Rivet
length of thread engagement of twomating (with chamfered top)
rLen
threads is thedistance betwe:n theextreme
points of contact on the pitch cylmders or cones,
measured parallel to the axis.
2.3.22 Limits of Size

The limits of s i z e
(commonlyreferredto a s "Limits") are the ap-
plicable maximum and minimum sizes.
Stud
2.3.23 Maximum Material
Condition
The
maximum materialcondition of a feature of a
fastener means the maximum amountofmaterial
permitted by the tolerance shown for that feature
(abbreviated MMNC).
2.3.24 Nominal Size The nominal size is
c
the designation used for the purpose of general
identification.
2.3.25 NutThickness Nut thickness is the

overalldistance from thetop of the nut to t h e
bearingsurface,measuredparallelto.theaxis
of the nut.
2.3.26 Nut Width andLengthThenut width

is the distance across opposite flats of hexagon,
square or t w e l v e p i n t n u t s . See figure for width
and length of rectangular nuts.
2.3.27 PointAngleThepointangle is the

included angle of the point.
20

0034435 7
2.3.28 PointDiameterThepointdiameter
is thediameter of thepointmeasured at the
extreme end of the fastener. It may sometimes be
designated a s “Chamfer Diameter” or “Pilot
Diameter” on respective point types.
2.3.29 PointLengthThepointlength is Point

the length of the pointed portion of the fastener,
a
Length
measured parallel to the axis of the fastener from
the extreme end. It may sometimes be designated
a s “Chamfer Length” or “Pilot Length” on re-
spective point types.
2.3.30 PointRadiusThepointradius is
thesphericalradius o n an oval or spherical
point.
2.3.31 RecessDepthTherecessdepth is
thedistancemeasuredparalleltothefastener
a x i s from theintersection of theheadsurface
withthe maximum diameter of the recess to the
bottom of the recess.
--Recess-,
2.3.32 RecessDiameterTherecess diam-
eter is the diameter measured in a plane perpen-
dicular to the axis of the fastener over the inter-
section of the outermost extremities of the recess
with the head surface.
2.3.33 RecessEccentricityRecesseccen-
tricity is the amount that a recess in a recessed
head is eccentric with the shank of the fastener.
2.3.34 R e c e s s Width Therecesswidth is

the distance measured in a plane perpendicular
to the axis of the fastener across the intersection
of the sides or wings of the recess with the head
surface.
2.3.35 ReferenceDimension A reference

dimension on a fastener is a dimension without
tolerance used for information purposes only.
21

AMERICANSTANDARD
2.3.36 RunoutRunout is a term

frequently
used interchangeably with eccentricity but which
normally refers to the amount which the outside
surface of one component of a fastener runs out
withrespecttotheoutsidesurface of another
component. A s such, it includeseccentricity,
angularity and bow. Theamountofrunout is
usuallyexpressedinterms of Total Indicator
Reading (TIR).
Shank
Diameter
2.3.37 ShankDiameter Theshankdiameter
isthediameter of theshank of anunthreaded
fastener. The diameter of the unthreaded portion
ofa threaded shank i s termed ehe Body Diameter.
(See 2.3.5 Body Diameter.)
2.3.38 ShankLength .Shanklength is t h e /i - 1

lengthofshank,measuredparallel to t h ea x i s
of the fastener.
2.3.39 Slot Depth The

slot
depth
on
headed fastener is the distance measured parallel
to the axis of the fastener from the highest part
a
slor-l
DeDth -t
of the head to the intersection of thebottomof
theslotwiththehead o r bearingsurface.The
slotdepthon a nut or headless fastener is the
distance measured parallel to the fastener axis
from thetopsurfacetotheextremebottom of
the slot.
2.3.40 Slot Eccentricity Slot eccentricity

i s t h e amountthat a slot in a slotted head is
eccentric with the body of the fastener. Width
2.3.41 Slot Width The slot

width is the
r"'"'
distancemeasuredin a planeperpendicular to
the axis of the fastener over the intersection of
the sides of the slot with the head surface of
headed fastener or top surface of a nut.
a -r
2.3.42 SocketDepthThesocketdepthis
thedistancemeasuredparallel to thefastener
axis from the intersection of the socket with the
head surface to the extreme end of the socket. In ent
socketheadscrews,theeffectivesocketdepth
i s mostoftenspecified as "Key Engagement"
which is the distance from the intersection of t h e
socketwiththeheadsurface to thatdepth to
which the key or wrench will penetrate, measured
in a like manner,

2.3.43 SocketDiameterThesocketdiameter
is the diameter measured i n a plane perpendicu-
lar to the axis of the fastener over the intersec-
tion of theoutermostextremities of thesocket
with the head surface.
2.3.44 Socket Width

thedistancemeasured
The socket width i s
in a planeperpendicular
1
to the axis of the fastener over the intersection
ofoppositesides of thesocketwiththehead
surface.
2.3.45 TaperTaper, as used for fasteners,

is theanglebetweenonesideandtheaxis
the fastener. Taper may refer to head, shank, or
some other feature of a fastener.
of
@@ Taper
2.3.46 Thread Lengths

2.3.46.1 Complete Thread T h e length of
completethread i s t h e length of that cross s e c
tion of a threaded length having full
crest androot.Kherethere
form at both
is achamferat
start of the thread not exceeding
length,it is includedwithin
the
two pitches in
t h e lengthofthe-
r Complete
Thread 7
complete thread. The thread length on the draw
ing shall be the gaging length or thelength of
threads having full form, i.e., the partial threads
shall be outside or beyond the length specified.
When designing threaded products, it is neces-
sary to take cognizance of: (1) Such permissible
length of chamferand (2) thefirst two threads
which by virtue of HI-LOgagingpractice may
exceed the product limits and which may b e in-
cluded within the length of complete thread How-
ever, where the application is such as to require
a minimum or maximum number, o r length, o f
complete threads the specification shall s o state.
Similar
specification i s required for
definite
length of engagement.
2.3.46.2 Effective Thread The effective

(or useful)threadincludesthecompletethread
and that portion of the incomplete thread having
fullyformedrootsbuthavingcrests not fully
formed.
23

2
AMERICANSTANDARD
2.3.46.3 Incomplete Thread T h i s is also

known a tsh ev a n i s h or washout thread. On
straightthreads,theincompletethread is that I
portion at the end having roots not fully formed
by the lead or chamfer on threading tools.
On taperthreads,the'crest a t theend may
also be not fully formed due to the intersection
ofthemajorcone of anexternalthread or the
minor cone of an internalthread with thecylin-
drical surface of the work.
2.3.46.4 Thread Runout See 2.3.36 Runout.
2.3.46.5 Total Thread Thetotalthread in-

cludesthecomplete or effectivethreadandthe
incomplete thread.
~ . . . . . . .
2.3.47 Tolerance A tolerance is thetotal

permissible variation of a size: The tolerance is
the difference between the limits of size.
2.3.48 Truncate,TruncationTotruncate is
to cut off theapex.Truncation is theaxial or
center line length by which the apex is cut off.
2.3.48.1 Crest Truncation T h ec r e s t trun-

cation of a thread is the distance, measured per-
pendiculartotheaxis,betweenthesharpcrest
(or crestapex) andthecylinder or conewhich 3,
bounds the crest.
2.3.48.2 Root Truncation Theroottrunca-

tion of a thread is the distance, measuredperpen-
axis,
between
dicular
theto
sharp
the
root (or "7Root Truncation
root
apex)
and
cylinder
the or cone
which
bounds
Axis
~-
of Thread -~
the root.
2.3.49 Width Across Corners The width across

corners of hexagon,
square, or rectangular
shaped Width
Width
fasteners isdistance
the
measured
perpendicular
Across
Across
axis
theto of fastener
the from intersection
the Corners
Corners
oftwosidestotheintersection of the two op-
posite sides.
2.3.50 Width Across Flats Thewidthacross

flats of hexagon or square heads of fasteners is
the distance measured perpendicular to the fas-
tener axis across opposite sides of the fastener.
(See2.3.19Head Width, 2.3.26Nut Width and
Length.)
P
24

-ASME B I B - 3 2 b2 m 2 5 7 5 5 3 20 0 3 4 4 3 7 4 m
2.4 TERMSRELATING TO THE MANUFAC- 2.4.13 F l a s hF l a s h is thethinfin of metal

TURE OF FASTENERS along the sides or around the edges of a forged
or upset section. It is caused when metal flows
Thefollowingtermsarecommonlyusedin Out between the edges of the forging dies.
designatingthevariousformingprocesses, ma-
chining or surfacing operations,
andresults 2.4.14 Forging Forging is theprocessof
thereof,andtools, etc., applicabletothe pro- forming a product by hammering or pressing. When
duction of fasteners. the material is forged below the recrystallization
temperature it is said to becold forged. When
2.4.1 BroachingBroaching is the
process worked abovetherecrystallizationtemperature
of removing metal by pushing or pulling a cutting it is said to be hot forged.
tool, called a broach, along the surface.
2.4.2 BurnishingBurnishing is theprocess 2.4.15 GrindingGrinding is theprocess of
of producing a smooth surface by rubbing or roll- removing material from the surface by the cutting
ing a tool against the surface. action of a bonded abrasive wheel.
2.4.3 Burr A burr is asmallamount of ma-

2.4.16 GroundThreadAgroundthread is a
thread finishedon the flanlcsbya grindingoperation.
terialextendingout from theedge of a hole,
shoulder, etc. as the
result
of
machining
a
operation. 2.4.17 Header A header is a Specialized
form of horizontal press.
2.4.4 Chip A chip is a smallfragment of 2.4.18 HeadingHeading is manufacturing
a
metal removed from a surfacebycuttingwith
a tool. processinvolvingthe use of a header.This
process may or may not involve upsetting or ex-
2.4.5 CoiningCoining is theprocess of truding. A partmade from wirebelowthere-
fomlingmetalbyforcing it toflowwhilecon- crystallizationtemperature is saidtobecold
fined within closed dies. headed whereas parts made from wireabovethe
recrystallization
temperature
are
said
to
be
2.4.6 Counterboring Counterboring is the hot headed.
process of enlargingforpart of its deptha
hole previously-formed and to provide a shoulder 2.4.19 KnurlingKnurling is theprocessof
a t t h e bottom of the enlarged hole. Special tools producingaroughenedsurfacebymeans of a
calledcounterboresaregenerallyusedforthis specialized forming tool called a knurl.
operation.
2.4.20 MachiningMachining is theprocess
2.4.7 CountersinkingCountersinking is the of forming the surface by cutting away material.
process of beveling or flaring the end of a hole.
Moles in which countersunk head type fasteners 2.4.21 MilledFrom The BarMilled from t h e
are to be used must be countersunk to provide a barfastenersarefastenersmachined from bar
mating bearing surface. stock on a lathe, screw machine, etc.
2.4.22 PointingPointing is secondary

a
2.4.8 CutThread A cutthread is athread machining operation consisting of cutting points
pr,oducedbyremoving material from the surface on fastener blanks which were not pointed during
with a form cutting tool. the heading operation.
2.4.9 Drilling Drilling is the process of form- 2.4.23 Polishing
Polishing is theprocess
ing holes by means o € specialized cutting tools of producing a smoothsurface by rubbingwith
called drills. fine abrasive wheels, belts, or compounds.
2.4.10 EmbossingEmbossing is theprocess
of raising a boss or protuberance on the surface. 2.4.24 Punching Punching is theprocess
of trimming or removing material with dies in a
2.4.11 Extruding
Extruding is the
process press.
of reducing the size of some feature or diameter
by forcing it through a die. 2.4.25 Rolled
Thread A rolled
thread is
a threadproduced by theactionofa form tool
2.4.12 FacingFacing is amachiningopera- which when pressed into the surface of a blank
tion on the end, flat face
or shoulder of a fastener. displaces material radially.
25

AMERICANSTANDARD
2.4.26 Scale Scale is an oxide of ironsome- 2.5.5 Cold Heading Stock Cold heading stock
times formed on the surfaces of hotheaded or is materialproduced under closelycontrolled
forged fasteners. manufacturingandinspectionmethods so as to
be suitable for heading and to be free from those
2.4.27 ShavingShaving is a cuttingopera- defects causing fractures during heading.
tion in which thin layers of material are removed
from the outer surfaces of the product. 2.5.6 Decarburized A fastener has a de-
carburized surface when the carbon contentof the
2.4.28 Sliver A sliver is an irregularshaped surface is lower than the carbon content of the
piece of metalclinginglooselytothefinished core.
fastener.
2.5.7 GrainsGrainsaretheindividualcrys-
2.4.29 Slotting
Slotting is the
process of tals of the material.
forming or cutting the slot on the head of a fas-
tener during eithertheprimaryorsecondary 2.5.8 InclusionsInclusionsareparticles of
operation. non-metallic impurities contained in material.
2.4.30 Trimming Trimming is the term ap- 2.5.9 LapsLapsaresurfacedefectscaused

plied to the process of shaping or sizing by forc- byfoldingoverfins or sharpcornersintothe
ing a part through a die of desired size and shape. surface of the material.
2.4.31 Tumbling
Tumbling is the
process 2.5.10 Pits Pits aresharpdepressions on
of cleaning or abrading parts in a rotating con- the surface of a raw material or fastener.
t a i n e r , either withorwithoutcleaningorabra-
sive materials. 2.5.11 ScrewStock
Screwstock is m e t a l
in the form of wire or rod which is used for. mak-
ing screw machine parts. Usually it is of a free
2.4.32 UpsettingUpsetting is theprocess machining type of material.
of increasingthecrosssectionalareabydis-
placement of material longitudinally and radially. 23-12 Soft soft describesthecondition of
afastenerwhich,thoughmade from amaterial
which can be, and normally is, hardened by heat
2.5 TERMS RELATINGTO MATERIAL AND treatment,hasbeen left intheas-fabricated
HEAT TREATMENT OF FASTENERS temper.
Thefollowing t e r m s arecommonlyusedin
designating the material composition and condi- 2.5.13 StainlessSteelStainlesssteel is a
tion of both thefastenersthemselvesandthe corrosionresistanttype of alloy steel which
r a w materials from which they are fabricated. contains a minimum of 12 per cent chromium.
2.5.1 Alloy Steel An alloysteel is a steel 2.5.14 StrainHardeningStrainhardening is

containingelementsotherthancarbonwhich theincreaseinhardness,andhencestrength,
havebeenaddedtoobtaindefinitemechanical reiulting from plastic deformation a t a tempera-
orphysicalproperties,suchashigherstrength turebelowtherecrystallizationrange. Some-
at elevated temperatures, toughness, etc. times called WORK HARDENING.
2.5.2 Annealed A fastener is consideredin 2.5.15 Temper Temper is the state of a

theannealedstate when it hasbeenheated metal or alloy involving i t s structure and mechan-
and cooled to make it soft- that is, free of hard- icaI properties. Temper varies from the annealed
ness causedby working or previous heat treatment. temper (soft) to spring temper.
2.5.16 ToughnessToughness is theability
2.5.3 Carbon Steel Carbonsteel is asteel of a material to absorb considerable energy with-
which does not contain any substantial amounts out fracturing.
of alloying materials other than carbon.
2.5.17 VoidsVoidsareinternalfissuresin
2.5.4 CaseHardened A case hLdened fas- ferrousmaterials.TheyaresometimescaIled
tener is a fastener of ferrous material having a “chrome checks,” “fisheyes,” “shatter cracks”
and “snow flakes.”
surfacewhichhasbeen madeharder thanthe
core. (See 2.6.11 SurfaceTreatment,2.6.12 Sur- 2.5.18 Work Hardening See 2.5.14 Strain
face Heat Treatment.) Hardening.
26

2.6 TERMSRELATINGTOFINISH O F FAS- 2.6.8 PicklingPickling is theprocess of

TENERS removing surface oxides or impurities by chemi-
cal or electrochemical means.
Thefollowingtermsare commonly usedin
designating
the
various
finishes
applied
to
fasteners.
2.6.9 P l a i nP l a i n as appliedto
finish of
fasteners is usedtoindicatethatthefastener
2.6.1 F i n i s hT h e term finish is commonly has
had
nosupplementary surface
treatment,
applied to the condition of the surface of a fas- such as plating, coating, etc., other than being
tener as a result of chemicalororganictreat- oiled.
ment subsequent to fabrication.
T h e term finish is also applied to some types
of fasteners to indicate the condition of the s u r
face a s a result of mechanical operations and the 2.6.10 PlatingPlating is the
application
degree of precision.(See 2.1.5 Finished, 2.1.16 of a metallic deposit on the surface of the fas-
Semi-Finished and 2.1.23 Unfinished Fasteners.) tener by electrolysis,impact,orothersuitable
means.
2.6.2 AnodizingAnodizing is theformation 2.6.10.1 PlatingBuild U p Plating build up

of an oxide film on the surface by means of a n is t h e termused to describe the disposition of
anodictreatment.This is commonly usedon more platingonedgesorcornersthan on the
aluminum. other surfaces of the fastener.
2.6.3 CoatingCoating is theapplication of 2.6.11 SurfaceTreatmentSurfacetreatment

somematerialsuch a s a m e t a l , organic com- is anytreatmentwhichchangesthechemical,
pound, etc. to the surface of a fastener. physical, or mechanical properties of a surface.
(See 2.5.4 Case Hardened, 2.6.12 SurfaceHeat
Treatment.)
2.6.4 FlashPlatingFlashplating is a very
thindeposit of metal, usuallyontheorder of
O.OOOO5 to0.00015in.in thickness.
2.6.12 SurfaceHeatTreatmentSurfaceheat
treatment is a processthatimproves the hard-
2.6.5 Galvanizing Galvanizing is the process ness or other mechanical property of the fastener
of coating metal with zinc by hot dipping. i n anysurfacearea. 2.5.4 Case Hardenedand
SurfaceHeatTreatmentarespecial forms of
2.6.5.1 -Electro-Galvunizing Electro-galva- Surface Treatment, 2.6.11.
nizing is the process of coating metal with zinc
by electroplating.
2.6.6 OiledOiled is the termdenotingthe 3. BOLTS

application of a suitable corrosion retarding oil
to a fastener.
2.6.7 PassivatingPassivating is theproc-

3.1 BOLT A bolt is anexternallythreaded
fastener.
ess of dissolvingferrousparticlesandsurface
impurities from s t a i n l e s s steel by
chemical
means(normally a nitric
acid
dip)
and to
produce a p a s s i v e film on the sudace. The pur- 3.2 AIRCRAFT BOLT An aircraft bolt is a bolt
pose is to improvethecorrosionresistance of commonly made to closer-than-ordinary toler
the surface. ances,inspectedwithmore-than-ordinarycare,
27

ASME B 1 8 9 1 2 6 2 W 2 5 7 5 5 1 2 0014442 4 W
AMERICANSTANDARD
and designed for use in aircraft. An aircraft bolt

often has special features such a s a drilled hole
through the head or shank.
AIRCRAFT DRILLED HEAD BOLT
3.3 BATTERYBOLT A batterybolt is a bolt

havingasquarehead,generallyleadcoated,
designed for clamping purposes on storage bat-
tery terminals.
3.4 BENTBOLTAbentbolt
rod havingoneendthreadedandtheother
is a cylindrical
bent to some desired configuration; also,

be a bent cylindrical rod having both
ends
en.d
it may
OLT 49
threaded.Threads may b e c u t or rolled;points
are usually plain sheared.
3.4.1 Eye Bolt, Closed Anchor Ring A closed

anchor ring eye bolt is a bent bolt having a head
inthe form of a closed ring. An eye boltmay
also be forged and have
section,with
a flattened and pierced
or without a collar or shoulder
W
Eye Bolt, Closed Anchor Ring
under the head.
3.4.2 EyeBolt,OpenAnchorRing An open

anchorringeyebolt is the same a s the closed
anchor ring type except that the head is in the
form of an open ring. W
Eye Bolt, Open Anchor King
3.4.3 Hook Bok, Acute Angle Bend An acute

anglebendhookbolt is a bent bolt having the
unthreadedendbent to form an acuteangle or
hook. (See 3.32 HOOK BOLT. )
Hook Bolt, Acute Angle Bend
3.4.4 Hook Bolt,RightAngleBendAright

angle bendhook bolt is abentbolthavingthe
unthreaded end bent to form a right angle orhook.
(See 3.32 HOOK BOLT.) Hook Bolt, Right Angle Bend
28

3.4.5 Hook Bolt,RoundBendAroundbend

hookbolt is a bentbolthaving the unthreaded
end bentto form a semicircle.(See 3.32 HOOK Hook Bolt,
Round Bend
BOLT.)
3.4.6 Hook Bolt,SquareBend A squarebend Hook Bolt,

hook bolt is a bentbolt,thebend on the un- SquareBend
threaded end being fomledby two sharp right-angle
bends. (See 3.32 HOOK BOLT.)
3.4.7 J-Bolt,OffsetRoundBend -An offset /7

roundbendJ-bolt is abentbolthavingthe un-
threadedendreversebenttoapproximatelya
semicircle. J-Bolt,
e t Round Bend
3.4.8 U-Bolt,RoundBend A round bend

U-bolt is a bent bolt having threads at both ends U-Bolt,
of the rod andthe rod bent a t themiddleto
semicircle.
a I ( Bend Round
3.4.9 U-Bolt,SquareBend A squarebend

C-bolt is a bent bolt having threads a t both ends
of the rod and the rod bent
right angles.
at the middle to two
II U-Bolt,
SquareBend
3.5 BOILER PATCH BOLT A boiler patch bolt

is a short bolt having a round countersunk head
surmounted by a smaller square head and is used
in fastening patches on boilers. The hole in the
patch is countersunk for the head and the boiler
s h e l l is tapped for the thread. The square head
is knocked off afterassembly.Tappingpatch
bolts are also available. BOILER PATCH BOLT
3.6 BOLT BLANKORSCREWBLANK A bolt

blank or screw blank is a headed rod or bar in-
tended for a subsequent threading operation.
29
D=b BOLTBLANKORSCREWBLANK

AMERICANSTANDARD
3.7 BOLTEND A boltend is aheadless rod

threaded at one end and assembled with a square
nut; it is designed to bewelded or otherwise
fastened t o a part or structure.
BOLT
END U
3.8 BRIDGEORROOFBOLT A bridge or roof

bolt i s a countersunk head bolt having a rounded
top,which isassembled with w a s h e r sa te a c h
end and a square nut on the threaded end.
BRIDGE OR ROOF BOLT

3.9 BUTTONHEADBOLT See 3.51 ROUND
HEADBOLT.
3.10 CARRIAGEBOLT A carriagebolt is a

bolt having a thin circular head, an oval o r flat
top with one of various means under the head to
preventrotation of thefastener.Carriagebolts
are supplied with nuts unlessotherwise specified.
3.10.1 CountersunkHeadSquareNeckBolt
This bolt has a flat top, conical bearing surface,
and a square shoulder under the head.
Square Neck Bolt
3.10.2 RoundHeadFinNeckBoltThisbolt
h a s two fins, 180 deg apart, under the head.
Round Head Fin Neck
3.10.3 RoundHeadRibbedNeckBoltThis
bolthas a ribbed or serratedshoulderunder
the head.
c
Round Head Ribbed Neck Bolt

A n
3.10.4 RoundHead Short SquareNeckBolt
This bolt has a short square shoulder under the
head. It is designed for use in sheet metal where
a full square shoulder would project through and
present an obstruction.
SquareNeckBolt
@
3.10.5 RoundIieadSquareNeckBoltThis
bolt has a square shoulder under the head. It is
designed for u s e in wood.
SquareNeckBolt
30

-
A SNE 5 T
3.11 CASTBOLT A cast bolt is an alloy cast

iron bolt having a square o r elongated head, as-
n n
sembled with a cast soft gray iron nut. I t is used
principally for mechanicaljointsincastiron
pipe lines which convey liquids andgases.
CAST BOLT
1>1
3.12 CLEVISBOLT,AIRCRAFT An aircraft
clevis bolt is a finished alloy steel bolt having
a slotted truss head, a neck portion between the
thread andbody,and a chamferpoint. I t may
also have a drilledholethroughthethreadas
shown.
CLEVIS BOLT
3.13 CLOSETBOLTAclosetbolt is a bolt

with a low circular head of extra large diameter
which is cupped on the underside so that i t s e a l s
tightlyagainst. the surfacewhenthebolt is
tightened. -
CLOSET BOLT
3.14 CONNECTINGRODBOLT A connecting
rod bolt is a bolt commonly having a chamfered,
round head with a flat side or otherfeaturefor
preventingthebolt from turning.It is usually
provided with a transverse hole through the thread
andachamfer or ovalpoint.Thebolt is de-
signed for use in assembling the connècting rod CONNECTING ROD BOLT
and bearing cap of a reciprocating engine.
3.15 CORRUGATEDHEADBOLT A corrugated

headbolt is a bolthavingaseries of radial
ridges or serrationsontheunderside of the
headtopreventthebolt from turning.(See 5.9
HEAD LOCKING SCREW.)
CORRUGATEDHEADBOLT
3.16 COUNTERSUNK BOLT A countersunk bolt
is a bolthavinganunslottedcircularflattop
andaconicalbearingsurfacetaperinginward
from the top.
COUNTERSUNK BOLT
3.17 DECK BOLT A deck bolt is a bolt having a
cylindrical,
flat-top
head
and a square neck
withwidth acrossthe flats aboutequaltothe
body diameter. It is designed. for fastening deck
plates onships.
Deck
bolts
are commonly
furnished with square nuts.
DECK BOLT
.31

AMERICANSTANDARD
3.18 ELEVATORBOLT An elevatorbolt is a

bolthaving a thincircularhead of extralarge
diameter with an oval o r flat top, plain or slotted,
and means under the head to prevent rotation of
t h e fastener; it is designed for use in fastening
wood flooring and similar applications.
Countersunk,
3.19 EXPANSIONBOLT See 10.3 EXPANSION Ribbed Head
FASTENER.
Countersunk Head, Round Head,

Square Neck Ribbed Neck
ELEVATOR BOLTS
3.20 EXTERNALLYRELIEVED BODY BOLT h
T h i s bolt has a body of which one or more p o r
tions have been reduced to a diameter less than
the minimum pitch diameter of the thread.
EXTERNALLY RELIEVED
BODY BOLT
3.21 EYE BOLT An eye bolt is a bolt having a

headinthe form of anopen or closedanchor
ringor of a flattenedorpiercedsection.See
a l s o 3.4.1, 3.4.2 Eye Bolts. W EYEBOLT
3.21.1 Aircraft Eye

Bolt
This
bolt
has
somewhat different design than the
aircraftapplicationsasthe
marine applications.
3.21.4 Drop
a
Bolt but basically performs the same function for

Drop Boltdoesfor
(o
u I
Aircraft Eye Bolt
3.21.2 Bossed HeadBolt A bossed head
bolt is an eye bolt having faces suitable for the
purpose of oscillating around a fixed axis
formed by the bolt eye pin inserted in a clevis.
The bolt thread may’ be drilled for a cotter pin W
as shown. Bossed Head Bolt
3.21.3 CollaredEyeBolt or ShoulderedEye
Bolt This bolt h a s a collar or shoulder machined
or formed at the juncture of the “head eye” with
the bolt shank to limit the amount of penetration
into the mating part. Collared Eye Bolt
32

ASME B 3 8 * 1 2 h2 W 2 5 9 5 5 3 2 0 0 1 4 4 4 7 3 æ
3.21.4 Drop Bolt A drop bolt is a type of e y e

boltcommonlythreadedwitheitheran Acme or
Unified form of thread, and assembled with a wing
nut or hexagon nut. The shank may be drilled for
a cotter pin. The bolt is used for clamping p u r
poses, particularly, bulkhead doors and porthole
coversonships.See 3.21.1 AircraftEyeBolt.
Drop Bolts
3.22 FETTER DRIVE BOLT A Fetter drive bolt

is a lag bolt having a buttress type thread known
as theFetterdrivethread. It is designed for
attachinghardwareto wooden polesusedin
electric
lines. power - F E T T E R DRIVE BOLT
n
3.23 FIRE-BRICKANCHORBOLTAfirebrick
anchor bolt is a bolt having a large low square
head. It is designed for U s e a s a masonry support.
FIRE-BRICK ANCHOR BOL
3.24 FITTING-UPBOLT A fitting-upbolt is a

square head bolt having a coarse pitch, 60 deg
stub thread. It is designed for use in the prelimi-
nary assembly of structural steel.
FITTINGUP BOLT
3.25 FORCINGBOLT A forcingbolt is abolt

resembling a square head set screw but having
ahighhead. It is used foradjustingandloca-
purposes
ting when
there is considerable
resis- FORCING BOLT
tance to motion.
3.26 HANGER BOLT A hanger bolt is a threaded

rod having a lag-bolt or wood screw thread and
gimletpoint at oneend and astandardUnified Plain Body Type
thread at theother.Theboltmayhaveaplain
bodyoraribbedshoulderbody, It is designed
for attaching hangers to woodwork. This bolt is
sometimes known a s a STAIRBOLT or WOOD
SCREW STUD WITH THREADED END.
Ribbed Shoulder Body Type
HANGER BOLTS
3.27 HEADLOCKINGBOLT A headlocking
bolt is a bolt which has added deflection as the
result of the design of t h e head. See 5.9 HEAD
LOCKING SCREW, 5.10 INSERT LOCKING
SCREW, and 5.23 THREADLOCKING SCREW.
HEAD LOCKING BOLT
33

AMERICANSTANDARD
3.28 HEELBOLT A heel bolt is a round head,

squareneckboltthreaded with anAcmethread
and assembled with a tailnut, which is a nut hav-
ing a ringlike extension on one side for gripping.
T h e nut may betightenedwithouttheuse of a
wrench. The bolt is made in two styles: (1) With
a long square neck used with a thick forged nut
and (2) with a short square neck used with a thin
forged nut. The bolt is designed for u s e o n walk-
ing plows.
3.29 HEXAGON HEADBOLT A hexagonhead

bolt i s a bolt having a hexagonal shaped exter-
nal wrenchinghead.It is availableinseveral
dimensionalseriessuchasFinishedHexagon,
Regular Hexagon, and Heavy Hexagon and within
theseseriesinvariousgrades withregardto
materials,tolerances,andthreads. See Terms
Relating to Finish of Fasteners, page 27.
BOLT
3.30 HIGH STRENGTH BOLT .A highstrength

bolt is a bolt developing specific high clamping
loads at assembly.
It mayType
clear
bto
etype
of a
the hole in the assembly or of a type that pro-
vides a bound body fit in the assembly.
-
Bound Body Type
HIGH STRENGTH BOLTS
3.31 HOOD LATCHBOLT A hood latch bolt is

a bolthaving a truncated,coneshaped,slotted
or plain head. It is designed for use in the latch-
ing mechanism of automobile engine compartment
hoods.
3.32 HOOK BOLT A hook bolt is abentbolt

(see 3.4) having a threaded and unthreaded end.
T h e unthreaded end is bent to form a hook. T h e
bend is not a reverse bend. The bent portion may
beflattened.(See 3.4.3,3:4.4,3.4.5, and 3.4.6
for different types of hook bolts.)
3.33 HUB BOLT A hub bolt is a bolt having a
high round head with oval top (button head) and a
short, square neck. It is commonly"pi.ovided with
a chamfer point. The bolt is designed for attach-
ing the spokes of a wood wheel to the hub.Hub
bolts are also known a s "WHEEL BOLTS." HUB BOLT
3.34 INTERFERENCE BODY BOLT See 3.50
RIVET BOLT.
34

3 . 3 INTERNAL WRENCHING BOLT An internal
wrenching bolt is a bolt having a large cylindri-
cal head with flat top, flat bearing surface, and
hexagon socket, The bolt is designed for use in
high strength, high temperature applications such
a s steam turbines. A bolt designated as an Inter-
nal Wrenching Bolt is used in .aircraft. It is simi-
lar in design to the one previously described ex-
cept that the head is tapered.
INTERNAL WRENCHING BOLTS
3.36 INTERNALLYRELIEVED BODY BOLT

This bolt has an axial hole drilled through t h e
head and through a portion of its body.
3.37 J-BOLT See 3.4.7.
3.38 JOINTBOLT A jointbolt is amachine

bolt having a square or hexagon head and a coni-
cal point.
3.39 KEYBOLTAkeybolt is anunthreaded

bolt having either a cone or button head and an
elongatedslotthroughtheshank. Its fastening
effect is producedbydriving a taperedkey
against a flat washer thereby clamping an object
between the head and the washer. -
KEY BOLT
3.40 LAG BOLT A lag bolt is a bolt havinga

square head, a gimlet or cone point, and a thin,
sharp,coarse-pitchthread.It is designedfor
producing its own mating thread in wood or other
resilientm'aterids.See 10.3 EXPANSION FAS-
TENER.
3.41 MACHINE BOLT A machinebolt is a bolt

having a conventionalheadsuch a s a square,
hexagon,
button,
or
countersunk
type,
and a
cylindrical body below the head. It is designed
forgeneraluseinmachineandothertypes of
construction.Machineboltsaresuppliedwith
nuts unless ocherwise specified.
3.42 METER BOLT A meter bolt is a bolt h a v

ing a rectangular (T) head equal in width to the
body diameter and two or three times as long a s
it is wide. The bolt is commonly made of silicon
bronze. It is designedto hold gasandwater
meters together. METER BOLT
35
~~
~~ ~
. ." __~_

AMERICANSTANDARD
3.43 MOUNTING BOLT A mountingbolt is a

bolt having a thin, round, flat countersunk head.
Ithasribstopreventturning of thebolt.The
bolt head commonly h a s 120 deg included angle.
The bolt is designed for use with plywood.
3.44 PLANERBOLT A planerbolt is a bolt

havingalarge low squarehead.It is designed
f o r insertion in the T-slots of planer, shaper, or
milling machine tables.
PLANERBOLT
3.45 PLOW BOLT A plow bolt is a countersunk
headboltwithhead or shankdesignedto pre-
vent
rotation of theboltandhavingcoarse
threads.Theboltsaredesigned for fastening
moldboards,plowshares,cultivatorshoes, etc.
Plowboltsareavailablein many types.Each
type is available in a “regular head” for use on
originalequipmentand a somewhatshallower
“repairhead” to fit a worn surfacewithout
grinding.Plowbolts
are
supplied with nuts
unless otherwise specified.
3.45.1 Round Countersunk Head Square Neck
PlowBolt (No. 3 H e a d ) T h i s b o l t h a s a round
countersunk head with a n 80 deg head angle and
a short square neck to prevent rotation.
-
Round Countersunk Head Square Neck Plow Bolt
3.45.2 RoundCountersunkHeavyKeyHead
PlowBolt (No.6 Head) This bolt has a round
countersunk head with a 40 deg head angle and a
triangularshapedkeyononesidetoprevent
rotation.
Round Countersunk Heavy Key Head Plow Bolt
3.45.3 Round Countersunk Reverse Key Head

PlowBolt (No. 7 Head) This bolt has a round
countersunk head with a 60 deg head angle and a
rectangular key on one side to prevent rotation.
Round Countersunk Reverse Key Head Plow Bolt
3.45.4 SquareCountersunkHeadPlowBolt
(No. 4 Head)Thisbolthas a squarepyramidal
shaped head with an 80 deg head angle in which
the
corners of the
square
prevent
rotation.
Square
Countersunk
Head
Plow
Bolt
36

3.46 PLAINNUTRINGBOLTThisbolt is a
threadedeyeboltpre-assembledwith a ring
through the eye.
W
PLAIN NUT RING BOLT
3.47 COLLARED NUT RING BOLT OR SHOUL-
DERED NUT RING BOLT This bolt is the same
a s the plain nut ring bolt above except that the
bolt is athreadedcollaredorshoulderedeye
bolt. See 3.21.3.
COLLARED NUT RING BOLT
3.48 PLAINRIVET RING BOLTThisbolt is

an unthreaded eye bolt pre-assembled with a ring
through the eye. It is designed for riveting after
insertion through a hole. 1
PLAIN RIVET RING BOLT
3.49 COLLARED
RIVET RING BOLT
SHOULDERED RIVET RING BOLT This bolt is
OR n
the same as the plain rivet ring bolt above ex-
cept that the bolt is an unthreaded (plain) col-
lared or shouldered eye bolt. See 3.21.3.
W
COLLARED RIVET RING BOLT
3.50 RIVET BOLT A rivet bolt is a bolt having

abuttonhead,aribbedshank,andacoarse
thread, or a special thread such a s Dardelet or
Lok-Thred. It is designed a s a substitute for
rivetsinstructural steel. Thisbolt is also
called an INTERFERENCE BODY BOLT.
RIVET BOLT
3.51 ROUND HEAD BOLT A round head bolt is

a machine bolt having a plain circular head with
an oval top.
37

AMERICAN STANDARD
3.52 SEALBOLT A seal bolt is abolthaving

straight or helical flutes on the body; the heads
are of variousdesigns.It is designed for rail-
road car floorandsimilarapplicationsto
”
pre-
vent leakage of water.
3.53 SECURING BOLT A se-

curingbolt is a bolthaving a
cylindricalhead and acylindri-
cal shoulder on the shank. It is
designedfor
use
in
securing
ship decks. L SECURING BOLT u
3.54 SHACKLE BOLT A shacklebolt is a

square head bolt or cube head bolt.
3.55SHAFT BOLT A shaftbolt is a bolthav-

ing an elongated head curved to fit a round form
and with or without a square neck.
3.56 SINK BOLT A sink bolt is a long machine

screw with flat countersunk head and full length
thread. It is assembled with two machine screw
nuts. Short lengthsinkboltsaresupplied
one nut instead of two.
with
v II II
SINK BOLT
3.57 SLEIGH SHOE BOLT A sleigh
shoebolt is atype of countersunkbolt
designed for fastening steel sleigh shoes
to runners.Short-tapersleighshoebolts
commonly have 60 deg heads, and long
taper 27 deg heads.
Taper
D Short
Taper
TAPER SLEIGHSHOE BOLTS
3.58 SPRING CENTERBOLT A springcenter
bolt is a bolt having a cylindrical slotted or un-
slotted head for holding the leaves of a vehicle
springtogether. When providedwithaconical
point
(usually 80 deg
included
angle) it is known SPRING CENTER
BOLT
a s a “UNIVERSAL SPRING CEFTERBOLT”.
n
3.59 SPRING CLIPBOLT A spring clip bolt is
a square or hexagonheadbolthavingaround
shoulderundertheheadforattachingrebound -
~~
clips
springs.
to vehicle SPRING
BOLT CLIP
38

LLicensed by Information Handling Services
ASME B L B . 1 2 h2 H 2 5 7 5 5 3 2 0014453 7 H
3.60 SQUARE HEAD BOLT Thisbolthasa

square shaped external wrenching head of stand-
ard proportions.
3.61 STAIR BOLT See 3.26 HANGER BOLT.

U SQUARE HEAD BOLT v
3.62 STARTER
BOLT WITH PILOT POINT
T h i s bolt is a hexagon head bolt with either a
pilot point or a plain chamfer point. See2.2.12.1,
2.2.12.8.
STARTER BOLT
WITH PILOT POINT
3.63 STAY BOLT A stay bolt is an iron or mild
steel rod,commonly havingareduceddiameter
bodyor sometimesacontinuousthread.It is
designed for use in bracing the flat surfaces of
boilers,particularlyinfire-boxboilers,andin
all boilers of the locomotive type to tie the fire-
box to the external shell. The bolts are screwed
through tapped holes in the sheets or plates and STAY BOLT
allowedtoprojectfarenoughateachendto
permit rivetingcoldwithshallowroundheads.
3.64STEPBOLT A step bolt is a round head

n
squareneckbolthavinganextralargehead
diameterandthinhead.Thisfastener is de-
signed for use fastening
in flooring,step
treads, etc. T
\I W
n
3.65 STOVE BOLT A stovebolt is aformer
commercialstandardhavingfractional sizes of
1/8-32,
5/32-28,
3/16-24,
7/32-22, and
1/4-18. I t is now suppliedastheequivalent
machine.screwwithnut.See 5.13 MACHINE
U
SCREW.
STOVE BOLT
3.66 STRIPPER BOLT See 5.20 SOCKET HEAD
SHOULDER SCREW.
3.67 STRUCTURALBOLT S e e 3.41 MACHINE
BOLT.
3.68 STRUT BOLT A strut bolt is an oval head

machine bolt without a slot, having a full diam-
eter body and a long thread.
V STRUT BOLT
3.69T-BOLT A P b o l t is afinishedbolt
and other accessories in the T-slots

tools,
with
a square head. It is designed for holding fixtures
of machine
39
T-BOLT 69
AMERICAN STANDARD
3.70 ROUND SECTIONT-BOLTThisbolthas

an oblong head consisting of a cylindrical rod,
usually of the same diameter a s the bolt, which
is forged orweldedpe.rpendiculartothebody.
Such bolts are commonly used a s ends forauto-
clamping
for motive
gasoline
or
straps
tank ND SECTION
T-BOLT
purposes.
3.71 T-HEAD BOLT A T-headbolt is a bolt

similarto a machinebolt,which has an oblong
head with a convex cylindrical top.
T
3.72 TANK BOLTAtankbolt is a medium

strength square head bolt.
TANK BOLT
3.73 TAP BOLT A tap bolt is a square or hexa-

gon head machine bolt, threaded relatively close
to t h e head. U TAP BOLT
3.74 TIRE BOLT A tire bolt is a type of coun-

tersunk bolt, commonly of 60 dcg included angle,
which haseithera round orribbedshoulder
under t h e head.
Plain Shoulder
Ribbed
Shoulder
Type Type
TIRE BOLTS
3.75 TOGGLEBOLT A togglebolt is a bolt

having a U-shaped wing rotatablyattached to a
nut so that it can be aligned with the shank and
pushed through a hole. It is used a s a fastener
in a hole which is accessible only from one side.
Toggle bolts are generally furnished with round,
flat, or truss head slotted machine screws.
TOGGLEBOLT
40

A S M E BLB.32 b 2 U 2 5 7 5 5 3 20 0 3 4 4 5 5 2 m
3.76 HEADANCHOREDTOGGLEBOLTThis
is a toggle bolt having a U-shaped wing rotatably
attachedto a screwhead so that it canbe
alignedwiththeshankandpushedthmugh a
hole. It is used a s a fastener in a hole which is
accessible only from one side.
HEAD ANCHORED
TOGGLE BOLT
3.77 TRACK BOLT A track bolt is a steel bolt

having a circularheadwithoval or mushroom
top,anoval or ellipticalneckwhich fits into
oval
anhole
in a rail
joint
prevent
bar
to the
Oval
Neck
Type
c
bolt from turning, and a thamfer point. It is de-
@
signed for joining railroad rails. -
EllipticalNeckType
3.78 UNIVERSAL SPRING CENTER BOLT See TRACK BOLTS

3.58 SPRING CENTER BOLT.
3.79 WEDGE BOLT A wedge bolt is a bolt hav-
ing a head of taperedrectangularsection,one
side of the head being tangent to the body of the
bolt and the opposite side being at an angle to
the body. It i s available in long
and
short
tapers. WEDGE BOLT
,. It is use'd. pri9cipalIy in cultivators.
..:: .*-
3.80 WHEELBOLT See 3.33 HUB BOLT.
4. STUDS
4.1 STUD A stud is a cylindrical rod of moderate
length,threaded on eitherone or bothendsor
throughout its entire length.
4.2 BOLT STUD See 4.4 CONTINUOUS THREAD

STUD, 4.5.1 Double End Stud (clamping type).
Retainer Ring Groove

4.3 COLLARSTUD Thisstud is threaded on otter Pin Hole
oneendonlyandhas a collar of a diameter
largerthanthethreadbetweentheplainand
threaded portions. T h i s s t u dis designed for carry-
ing gears, cam rolls, rocker levers, etc., and is
often provided with a hoIe for a cotter pin or a
for
groove a ring
retainer or COLLAR
washer.
STUD
41

AMERICAN STANDARD
4.4 CONTINUOUS THREAD STUD T h i s s t u d is

threaded its entire length
with
conventional
threads for the assembly of.nuts on bothends.
It is a variation of the4.5.1DoubleEndStud - ~ ~~
(clampingtype). It i s knowninsomeindustries CONTINUOUS THREAD STUD

a s BOLT STUD.
4.5 DOUBLE END STUD A double end stud is a

studthreadedonbothendswith a plain or un-
threaded portion between the threaded ends. The
double end stud is of two general types: the in-
terference thread type and the clamping type.
4.5.1 DoubleEndStud(clampingtype)This
stud has conventional threads on both ends of the
stud. It servesthefunction o€ clamping two
bodiestogetherwith a nutoneitherend.It is
known in some industries a s STUDEndBOLTandNut End Nut
BOLT STUD. Double End
type)(clamping Stud
4.5.2 EoubleEndStud(interferencethread
type) This stud has conventional threads on the
”
“nut”endandthreadsonthe“stud”endthat
v.dl give an interference fit in the hole in which
it is installed. Its application dictates that the
tiehtness of the stud end thread in a tamed hole
L. I I
should not be disturbed by the removal of the nut End Stud Nut End
from the nutend.Thestuds may havecoarse,
Double End Stud (interference thread type)
fine, or spacedseriesthreads.Thepitchdiam-
eter on the stud end i s enlarged a n amo ou nt de-
pending on the individual application. It is also
known a s a TAP END STUD.
4.6 SHOULDERSTUD T h i ss t u di ss i m i l a r to
the 4 . 3 COLLARSTUDexceptthatallorpartof ’
the plain portion is of a uniform diameter larger

thanthethread.It is designed to performfunc-
tions similar to the 4.3 COLLAR STUD in appli-
cations where a separatecollar is used to pre-
SHOULDER
STUD
vent the separation of parts.
4.7 STUDBOLTSee 4.5.1 DoubleEndStud

(clamping type).
4.8 T A P END STUD See 4.5.2 Double End Stud

(interference thread type).
4.9 TAPPING STUD This stud is a variation of

the 4.5.2DoubleEndStud(interferencethread
type).It has conventional threads on the ‘‘nut”
e n d and tapping or cutting threads on the “stud”
end.
TAPPING STUD
4.10 WOOD SCREW STUD WITH THREADED
END See 3.26 HANGER BOLT.
42

5. SCREWS
5.1 SCREW A screw is an externallythreaded

fastener.
5.2 ADJUSTING SCREF An adjustingscrew is

a special
adjusting
headed
for
screw
used
or -““vvvv*vvvvvvvv”
locating. See 5.12 KNURLED HEAD SCREW.

-ADJUSTING
SCREW
5.3 ANCHOR
LIGHT
MOUNTING
SCREW An
anchorlightmountingscrew is aslottedflat
countersunk head type of shoulder screw.
ANCHOR LIGHT MOUNTING SCREW
5.4 BALL HEAD SCREW A ball head screw is

a screw having an approximately spherical head
generallyused for ball and socketswivel ap
plications.
BALL HEAD SCREW
5.5 BOBBIN SCREW A bobbinscrew is atype
of flat head wood drive screw havingasmaller
headdiameterthanthestandarddrivescrew; it
may have locking serrations on, or fins under, the
countersunkportion of the head. It is designed
for
holding
the
heads and bodies of textile BOBBIN SCREW
bobbins together.
5.6 BONE SCREW A bone screw is a corrosion

resistantscrewhaving a Unified, wood screw,
ortappingscrewthread form; designedtobe
used in surgery for the fixation of fractured or W BONE SCREW
grafted bones.
5.7 CAP SCREW .A cap screw is a screw having Hexagon Head

all surfaces machined or of an equivalent finish,
closelycontrolled body diameter,and
flat
a
chamfered point,
with
wrench,
a slotted,
re-
cessed, or socket head of proportions and toler-
ances designed to assure full and proper loading
when wrenched or driven into a tapped hole. Cap
screwsusuallyhavehexagon,splinedsocket, Socket Head
hexagonsocket,button,flat,fillister,orround
head styles as indicated in Table 1, page 12. n
Slotted Head
CAP SCREWS
43

AMERICAN STANDARD
5.8 EXPANSION SCREW See 10.3 EXPANSION

FASTENER.
5.9 HEAD LOCKING

SCREW A headlocking
screw has a head of such design that it r e s i s t s
forcestendingtoloosen it. See 3.27 HEAD
LOCKING BOLT.
5.10 INSERT LOCKINGSCREW An insert lock-
ingscrew is a screwhaving a metallic or non-
metallic insert in the threaded portion.
INSERT LO CKI
5.11 INSERT SCREW An insert screw is a
screwdesigned forpermanentassembly of the
head or shankwithin a cast ormolded material
such a s hardrubber,organicplastics, or d i e
castings. The head or shank or both are provided
with serrations, knurling or other projections or
indentations to prevent its rotation in the molded
material. INSERT SCREW
5.12 KNURLED HEAD SCREW A knurledhead

screw is a screw having a circular head the pe-
riphery of which is knurled or serrated and there-
foremanuallyturnedwithouttools. See 5.2 AD-
JUSTING SCREW.
KNURLED HEAD SCREW

5.13 MACHINESCREW A machinescrew is a
screwhaving a slotted,recessed, or wrenching
head and threaded for assembly with a preformed
internalthread.Machinescrewsaregenerally
available in the following standard head styles:
Binding,fillister, 80 degand 100 deg flat, flat
trim,hexagon,hexagonwasher,oval,ovaltrim,
pan, round, and truss, as shown i n T a b l e 1 page
12. Theyarealso made innumerousspecial
head styles to suit particular requirements. They
are generally furnished with plain points but for
u MACHINE
SCREW
specialpurposes may havechamfered,header,
pilot,orothertypepoints.(Seeunder 2.2.12
Point.) MACHINESCREWWITH NUT h a s prac-
tically replaced the teem STOVE BOLT.
5.14 METALLIC DRIVE SCREW (Type U) A

metallic drive screw is a hardene-d,screw having
a blunt or sharp pilot point, single or multiple
threads of steepleadangle,andgenerallyfur
nished with a round or flat head. (See Table 1,
page 12.)It is used with a clearancehole
in one of the parts to be fastened and designed
for assembly by impact in sheet metal, castings,
U
fiber, plastics, etc. hlETALLIC DRIVE SCREW
44
-"
! ASME B L B * L 2 h2 m 2595522 0024459 T W
5.15 MINIATURE SCREW A miniaturescrew is

a screw less than 0.06 in. in diameter, having a
slotted head, and threaded for assembly with a
preformedinternalthread.Miniaturescrewsare
generallyavailable
headstyles:Fillister,pan,
in the
followingstandard
100 degflat,and
u MINIATURE SCREW
binding. They are generally furnished with cham-
fer Doints. 2.2.12.1.
-Feather Edge
5.16 ONE-WAY HEAD SCREW A one-way head
screw is a round headscrewwhich is slotted
buthassideclearancesatdiagonallyopposite
sides of t h e s l o t so that the screw can be driven
onlyinthedirection of assembly;designed to
prevent tampering o r theft.
ONE-WAY-HEAD SCREW
5.17 ORNAMENTAL
HEAD SCREW An orna-
mental head screw is a screw having a head of
artisticdesign,foruse when animprovedap-
pearance is desired.
ORNAMENTALHEADSCREW
5.18 S E T SCREW A set screw is a hardened screw
with or without a head, threaded the entirelength
and having a fomled point designed to bear on a
matingpart. Set screws areregularlyfurnished
in square head, headless slotted, hexagon socket
and spline socket styles (see Table 1,page
incombination with thePOINTSTYLESillus-
trated and described below. (Seeunder 2.2.12
Point.)
12) O S E T SCREW
SET SCREW POINTS

5.18.1 ConePoint A conepoint is a sharp
conical shaped point the angle of which is de-
pendent on the screw length. Cone Point
5.18.2 Cup Point A cur point is a truncated,

conical point with a conical recess in the trun-
cated portion. There are many variations of t h i s
point such as knurled outer cone, hexagonal re-
c e s s , etc. Designed to provide good
holding
power with slight penetration. Cup Point
5.18.3 F u l l Dog Point A full dog point is a

cylindricalpoint of adiametersomewhatless
than the minor diameter of the thread, commonly
one half the nominal diameter i n length, having
a flat endwithslightlyroundededgesanda
chamferbetweenthepointandthethread,De-
signed to project into a fairly deep hole or slot. Full Dog Point
5.18.4 Half Dog Point A halfdogpoint is a

dog point having only half the length of the full
dog point. It serves the same purpose as the full
dog pointfor
shortIength
screws
or
where
shallow holes or slots are necessary. Half Dog Point
45

AMERICANSTANDARD
5.18.5 Flat Point A flat point is a truncated,

conicalpointwith a flatsurface on the trun-
cated portion; designed for holding with minimum
penetration.
Flat P o i n t
5.18.6 OvalPoint An ovalpoint is a point
the radius of which is greater than half the nomi-
nal diameter.
Oval P o i n t
5.18.7 Spherical Point A sphericalpoint is
a point the radius of which is equal to haif-the
nominal diameter.
Spherical Point
5.19 SHOULDER SCREWA shoulder screw is a
slotted, flat fillister head screw having a cylin-
dricalshoulderundertheheadtoserve as a
bearing or spacer.
U
SHOULDER SCREW
5.20 SOCKET
HEAD
SHOULDER SCREW A
socketheadshoulderscrew is a sockethead
Screwhaving a cylindricalshoulderunderthe
headtoserve as a bearing or spacer,and a
necked portion between the thread and the shoul-
der. (Formerly called STRIPPER BOLT.)
SOCKET HEAD SHOULDER SCREW
5.21 SHUTTLE SCREW A shuttlescrew is a

slotted fillister head screw having a short thread
and full diameterbody. The undersideof the head
i s sometimes countersunk and the point may b e
slotted to permit adjustment from either side of
the shuttle. Designed for use in textile shuttles. U
SHUTTLE SCREW
5.22 TAPPING SCREWA tappingscrew is a
screwhaving a slotted,recessed, or wrenching
o
head designed to form or cut a mating thread in
one or more of thepartstobeassembled. Tap-
pingscrewsaregenerallyavailableinvarious n
combinations of thefollowingheadandscrew
styles: Fillister, flat,flat trim,hexagon,hexa-
gonwasher,
oval,
oval trim, pan, round,and , ~ " r * r r v r * v r v " v r v r r r "
trussheadstyles(SeeTable 1, page12)with U
thread-forming screws, Types A, B, BA, BP,and
C, or thread cutting screws, Types D , F, G , T, TAPPING SCREW
B F , BG and 3 T as illustrated and described be-
low. (See under 2.2.12 P o i n t . )
5.22.1 Type A A type A h a s a gimletpoint

applied
to a thread-forming screw
having a
coarse- spaced thread.
Type A
5.22.2 Type B A type B has a blunt, tapered,
thread-formingpoint
with
incomplete
entering
threads applied to a screwhaving a fine-spaced
thread. Type B
46

GLOSSARY OF TERMS FOR MECHANICAL FASTENERS .
5.22.3 Type BA A type BA h a s a gimlet point

applied toathread-forming screw having a fine-
space2 thread.
Type BA
5.22.4TypeBF A type S F h a s a blunt,

tapered, thread-cutting point with incomplete en-
teringthreadsandmultipleflutes,appliedto
a screw having a fine-spaced thread.
Type BF
5.22.5Type BG A type BG h a s a slotted,

blunt,tapered,thread-cuttingpointwithincom-
pleteenteringthreads,applied to a screw hav-
ing a fine-spaced thread.
5.22.6TypeBP A typeBPhas a sharp,

conicalorpinched p i n t applied to a type 8
screw.
Type BP
5.22.7Type BT A type BT h a s a blunt,

tapered,
thread-cutting
point
with
incomplete
entering threads and a wide, milled, cutting slot,
applied to a screw having a fine-spaced thread. Type BT
5.22.8 Type C A type C h a s a blunt, tapered,

thread-formingpoint
withincomplete
entering
threads
applied to screw
a having
Unified
diameter-pitch combination threads approximating
Type C
Unified form.
5.22.9 Type D A type D has a blunt, tapered,
thread-cutting
point
with
incomplete
entering
threads and one flute, applied to a screw having
Lnifieddiameter-pitchcombinationthreadsap-
proximating Lnified form. Type D
5.22.10 Type F A type F h a s a blunt, tapered,
thread-cutting
point
with
incompleteentering
threadsandnlultipleflutes,applied to a screw
havingcnified diameter-pitch combination threads
approximating Unified form. Type F
5.22.11 Type G A type G has a slotted, blunt,

tapered,
thread-cutting
point
with
incomplete
threads,
applied to a screwhavingUnified
diameter-pitch combination threads approximating
Unified form. Type G
5.22.12 Type T A type T h a s a blunt, tapered,
thread-cutting
point
with
incomplete
entering
threads and a wide, milled, cutting slot, applied
to a screwhavingUnifieddiameter-pitch com-
bination threads approximating Unified fom”. Type T
47

AMERICANSTANDARD
5.23 THREAD LOCKINGSCREW A thread lock-

ing screw is a screw having a thread designed to
produce interference with its mating thread.
W
THREAD LOCKING SCREW
5.24 THUMBORWINGSCREW A thumb or wing

screwis a screwhaving a flattened or w i n g
shapedhead,designed formanualturningwith-
out a driver or wrench.
THUMB OR WING SCREW
5.25 WATCH
SCREW See 5.15 MINIATURE
SCREW.
5.26 WELDINGSCREW A weldingscrew is a
headed screw provided with lugs or weld projec-
tionsonthe top or undersideoftheheadto
facilitateattachment to a metal partbyresist-
ance welding. SCREW WELDING
5.27 WOOD DRIVE SCREW A wood drive screw

i s a thread forming screw having a cone or pinch
point, multiple threads of steep lead angle, a re-
duced diameter body, and generally available with
flat,oval or roundhead styles(SeeTable 1,
page 12); designedforrapidassemblyin wood.
WOOD DRIVE SCREW
5.28 WOOD SCREW A wood screw is a thread

forming screw having a slotted or recessed head,
gimletpoint,and a sharp crested, coarse pitch
thread,andgenerallyavailable with flat, oval,
and round head styles. (See Table 1, page 12.)
It is designed to produce a matingthreadwhen
assembled into wood or other resilient materials.
48

5.29 SCREW
AND
WASHER ASSEMBLY T h i st h ep r e s e n c e of a washerineachassembly.
is a preassembled Screw andwasherunitinTheyaregenerallyavailablein various combina-
whichthewasher is retainedfree to rotatetions O f head s t y l e s and washer types a s indi-
under the
screw
head
by
the
rolled
thread.
These cated in 2y See 2*2.9.3 Threaded
Fastener Head Styles and definitions for various
unitsexpediteassemblyoperationsandassure type washers in section 7.
Truss Head Screw and Fillister Head Screw Round Head Screw and
External Tooth and Internal Tooth Internal-External Tooth
Lock Washer Lock Washer Lock Washer
U
Hexagon Head Screw and Pan Head Screw and Pan Head Screw and
Spring Lock Washer Conical Spring Washer Plain Flat Washer
SCREW AND WASHER ASSEMBLIES
Tab1 e 2 Screw and Washer Assembly Combinations
Tooth Lock Washer

I
Spring Conical
Screw Head StyIe Internal- Lock Spring Plain
External
Internal Washer
ExternaI
Washer Washer
I
FILLISTER HEAD X X X
FLAT €I EAD
HEXAGONHEAD X X X X X X
HEXAGON WASHER HEAD X x X X X
OVAL HEAD X
P A N HEAD X X X X
ROUND HEAD X X X X
TRUSS HEAD X x X X X X
49

AMERICAN STANDARD
6. NUTS
6.1 NUT A nut is a block or sleevehavingan
internalthreaddesignedtoassemble with the
external thread on a bolt, screw, or other threaded
part.
It may serveas a fasteningmeans,an
adjusting means, a means for transmitting motion,
or a means fortransmittingpowerwith a large
mechanical advantage and non-reversible motion.
Thevarioustypes of nuts, many of whichare
designed for specializedpurposes,areshown
below.
6.2 ACORN NUT S e e 6.12 CROWN NUT for def-

inition.
6.3 ANCHOR NUT See 6.10 CLINCH NUT for

definition.
6.4 BARREL NUT (1) The type (1) barrel nut is

a blindinternallythreadedfas'tenerexternally
shapedlike a machinescrew.Thethreadsex-
tend inside almost to the head. Oval Head Flat HeadFillisterHeadHeadless
BARREL NUT (1)
6.5 BARREL NUT (2) The type (2) barrel nut is

a cylindricalnuttappedatrightanglestothe
cylinder axis. This type of barrel nut is intended
to fit in a hole formed a t rightanglesto its
mating screw.
BARREL NUT (2)
6.6 CAGE NUT See 6.8 CAPTIVENUT for def-
inition.
6.7 CAPNUT See 6.12 CROWN NUT for def-

inition.
6.8 CAPTIVENUT A captive nut consists of a

threaded member, usually a squarenut,held
loosely in a shaped sheet metalbox. The varia-
tions in mating assembly parts are usually over
come by this type nut since i t can float laterally.
CAPTIVE NUTS
50

6.9CASTLENUT A castle nut is a slotted

hexagon nut (See 6.26) having a cylindrical por
tion at the slotted end equal in length to the slot
depthandslightlysmallerindiameterthanthe
hexagon width.
Thisnut is designed fortheinsertion of a
cotter
pin to secure
the
place
nut
in when it is CASTLE NUTS
used with a drilled shank fastener. This nut was
formerly known a s a CASTELLATED NUT.
6.10 CLINCH NUT A clinch nut is a solid nut

having a pilot or other feature to be inserted in
apreformedhole. Thepilot may beclinched,
staked, or expanded to retain the nut and prevent
rotation. It is availablein a largevariety of
types,some of whicharecapable of piercing
theholesforassembly.It is sometimesdesig-
nated ANCHOR NUT.
~~ CLINCH NUTS
6.11 CONDUIT NUT A conduit nut is a thin nut,

usuallystamped.It may be squarewithscal-
loped
corners. or hexagonal or octagonal in
shape.
CONDUIT NUTS
6.12 CROWN NUT A crown nut is a hexagon nut

having an acorn shaped top and a bIind threaded
hole.
Crown nuts are generally furnished in two types,
high crown and low crown. It is sometimes desig-
nated a s ACORN NUT or CAP NUT.
High Low
CROWN NUTS
6.13 FLANGENUT A flange nut is an integrai

nutandwasherdesigned for increasedbearing
area. FLANGE NUT

AMERICANSTANDARD
6.14 HEXAGON NUT A hexagon nut h a s a hexa-

gonal base with or without a washer face. T h e
six
essentially
rectangularsides
serve
as
wrenching Bats.
Hexagon nuts are available in various dimen-
sional series, such as Finished Hexagon, Heavy
Hexagon, Regular Hexagon, and in various thick- Standard
nesses, such a s standard, j a m or thin, and thick,
a s shown in the illustrations. See 6.19 MACHINE
SCREW NUT.
Thick Jam Nut

HEXAGON NUTS
6.15 INTERNAL WRENCHING NUT T h i s n u t is

a cylindrical nut, one end of which h a s a socket
of suitable form for wrenching purposes.
INTERNAL WRENCHING NUT
6.16 JAM NUT See 6.14 HEXAGON NUT.
6.17 KNURLEDNUT A knurled nut is a cylin-
dricalnuthaving a portion or portions of its
cylindrical surface knurled.
6.18 LOCK NUT Therearetwobasicallydif- ”
KNURLEDNUT
ferent types of lock nuts: (1) a prevailing torque
typewhichresistsrelativebolt-nutmovement
with .or withoutanaxiallyappliedloadtothe
bolt-nut Combination, and (2) a free-running type
which exhibits a lockingability when there is
a n axial load applied to the base of the nut. The
“locking” or stoppingaction of thenut is ac-
complished by threaddeformation, or clamping,
or by theaddition of non-metallicinserts.The
free-runningtypeusuallyhas a designfeature
which adds to the elastic elongation of the bolt-
nut combination.
Hexagon
6.19 MACHINESCREW NUT A machinescrew

nut is a hexagon or squarenut of proportions
suitable for u s e with a machine screw.
MACHINE SCREW NUT
52

ASME B L B - 3 2 h 2 2595532 00L44b7 9 m
GLOSSARY O F TERMS FOR AlECHANICAL FASTENERS
EE
ll
6.20 MICRO SLOTTED NUT A micro slotted nut
is thesame as 6.26 SLOTTED NUT, except that
there are more slots.
LUCRO SLOTTED NUT
6.21 PLANER HEAD BOLT NUT A planer head

bolt nut is a thin, hexagonal, case hardened nut,
having a flatandchamferedtop,designedfor
u s e with a planerheadbolt on machinetools.
PLANER IIEAD BOLT NUT
6.22 P L A T E NUT A plate nutis a nut consisting

of an internally threaded unit and a plate, which
is designedtoholdthethreadedunit in. place
relativetothe work. Thethreadedunit
integral with the plate or held by a retainer and
may have conventional or locking threads. Two-
pieceplatenutsaregenerally
typeinwhichthethreadedunithas
may be
of thefloating
a limited
m
movementwith respecttotheplateandnormal Two Rivet Type Two Rivet, Locking,
to thethreadaxistofacilitatealignment with Floating Type
the mating fastener. Plates may be of the follow-
ingtypes: (1) theholetype, for riveting,nail-
ing, or otherwise fastening the plate to work,(2)
thebosstype,havingweldembossments for
resistance welding the plate to work (the emboss-
ments may beonthetop of theplate,-internal
boss, oron thebottom of theplate,-external
boss), or (3) the prong type, having projections
to grip soft materials such a s wood.Some forms
of platenutsaredesignatedTEE NUTS,6.32.
Three weld Boss, Two Rivet, Locking,

In terna1 Type Corner Type
PLATE NUTS
6.23 ROUND NUT A round nut is a plain cylin-

dricalnuthaving no features forwrenching it
onto a mating thread.
53

AMERICAN STANDARD
6.24 SKEIN NUT A skeinnut is aninternally

andexternallythreaded nut. The outside thread
i s awood screwthread for insertioninto wood
componentsandtheinside a thread suitable for
machinescrews or bolts.Theend is usually
slotted for driving. SKEIN NUT
6.25 SLEEVE NUT A sleeve nut is an internally

threadedfastener,externallyshapedlike a ma-
chinescrew.It is essentiallythesame as 6.4
BARREL NUT exceptthatthethreadsextend
throughout its entire length.
Oval Flat Headless

Fillister
Head Head Head
SLEEVE NUTS
6.26 SLOTTED NUT A slotted nut i s a hexagon

nut having opposed slots through the centers of
the flats. The slots are on the end opposite the
bearing surface and are perpendicular to the axis
of thenut.Slottednutsaredesignedforthe
insertion of a cotterpintosecurethenutin
place when it is used with a drilled shank Standard
fastener. For othertypes of slottednuts, see
6.20 MICRO SLOTTED NUT, and 6.37 TRI-SLOT
NUT.
Thick
§LOTTED NUTS
6.27 SPLINE NUT A spline nut is a cylindrical

nuthavingexternalsplines or serrationswhich
hold i t inplace when forcedinto a holeof
slightlysmallerdiameter.It may alsobecast
in place in plastic or low strength metallic die
cast alloys.
6.28 SPRING NUT A spring

nut i s a nut fabricated from
thinspring steel havingan
impressiondesignedtoac-
commodate thematingthread.
It is u s e d i n place of a solid
nut.
Spring nutsareavail-
able
in many shapes and
styles.
54

GLOSSARY OF TERMSFORMECHANICAL FASTENERS
@E
6.29 SQUARENUT A square nut is a solid nut
with a square base, generally without a washer
face.
Thefouressentiallyrectangularsides
serve a s wrenching flats. These nuts are avail-
able in the regular and heavy series with vary-
ingproportions.
SQUARE NUT
6.30 STAMPEDNUT A stamped nut is a hexa-

gonnut,sometimeswithanintegralwasher,
stamped from thinspring steel, havingprongs
formed to engage the mating thread. It is used in
place of a solidnutinlow-stressapplications
or as a retaining nut against a solid nut.
STAMPED NUTS
6.31 T-NUT A T-nut is a squarefinishednut

havingthe form of a “T” to fit aT-slotin a
machine tool.
6.32 TEE-NUT See 6.22 PLATENUT.

6.33 THICK NUT See 6.14 HEXAGON NUT for
definition.
6.34 THIN NUT See 6.14 HEXAGON NUT for

definition.
6.35 THUhlB NUT See 6.40 WING NUT for

definition.
6.36 TRACK-BOLTNUT A track-boltnut i s a

square nut designed for use with a track bolt on
railroads. It is available in two standard types:
onewith a standard 45 degchamfer,theother
with a GO degchamfer,bothhavingAmerican
Standard heavy unfinished dimensions. There is
alsoanalternatetypeofthicksquarenutwith
deg
60 chamfer
for
the 15/16, 1, a n d 1 I/8 inch TRACK-BOLTNUT
sizes.
6.37 TRI-SLOTNUT A tri-slot nut is a slotted

nut having three large slots. It may b e u s e d in
place of 6.9 CASTLE NUT or 6.26 SLOTTED
NUT of the same dimensions.
Standard Thick
TRI-SLOT NUTS
55

AMERICAN STANDARD
6.38 WASHERCROWN NUT A washer crown nut

i s a regular hexagon or square nut with a washer
crown on the top of the nut.
WASHERCROWN NUTS
6.39 WELD NUT A weldnut is a solid nut pro-

vided with lugs,annularrings, or embossments
tofacilitateitsattachmentto a metalpart by
resistance welding.
WELD NUTS
6.40 WING NUT A wingnut is a nuthaving

wings”designed
I < formanual turning.It may
be
forged,
machined,
stamped , or cast. It is
sometimes called THUMB NUT.
7. WASHERS
7.1 WASHERA washer is a partusuallythin,
having a centrallylocatedholeorpartialslot.
The -washer performs various functions when as-
sembledbetweenthebearingsurface of a fas-
tenerandthepartbeingattached.Insulatio-n,
lubrication,spanning of largeclearanceholes,
andimprovedstressdistributionare a fewde-
sign uses.
7.2 BELLEVILLE WASHER See 7.5 CONICAL
SPRING WASHER for definition.
7.3 BEVEL WASHER A bevel washer is a flat,
square, or circular washer with a definite taper
between opposite bearing faces.
7.4 CWASHER See 7.9 OPEN ORHORSESHOE

WASHER for definition.
7.5 CONICAL SPRING WASHERA conicd spring

washer is a hardened circular steel washer formed
with a slightdishandhavingedgessheared
parallel to the center-line. T h i s t y p e of washer
i s designed to s t o r e a large amount of energyand
alsoprovides a “sealing” effect a s thesharp
edgesaretightenedintothebearingsurfaces.
Thiswasher is also known a s BELLEVILLE
WASHER and CONE LOCKWASHER. For another
type of SPRING WASHER, see 7.15. CONICAL SPRING WASHER
56

7.6 FINISH WASHER A finish washer is a formed

circularwasherdesignedtoaccommodatethe
head of a f l a t or ovalheadscrewandprovide
additionalbearingarea on thematerialbeing
fastened.Finishrashersareavailableinthe
Raised Type and Flush Type.
Type
Raised Flush Type
FINISH WASHERS
7.7 F L A T WASHER See 7.10 PLAIN WASHER
for definition.
7.8 LOCKPLATEAlockplate is a flatplate

fastened i o anassembledelementwithscrews,
or held by lancedears.Thelockplateprovides
projectionsthatarebentintoplaceagainst a
flat of thescrewhead,effectivelypreventing
rotation of the head.
Assembled
LOCKPLATE
7.9 OPEN OR HORSESHOE WASHER An open or

horseshoe washer is a flat circular washer hav-
ingaslot of width equaltotheholediameter
and extending from theholetotheperiphery.It
is designed for installationon or removal from
theshank of thefastenerwithoutremovingthe
fastener from the assembly. This washer is a l s o
known a s a C WASHER.
OPEN OR HORSESHOE WASHER
7.10 PLAIN WASHER A plain washer is a flat,

circular, or squarewasherwith a centralhole
designed to f i t around a bolt or screw and under
the head or nut.
7.11 PRELOAD INDICATING WASHER Apre-

load indicating washer is a washer designed to
U
indicate a predeterminedloadbytheamount it
compresses. Usually a second thinner washer is
used as a compression gage.
Assembled
PRELOAD INDICATING WASHER
7.12 RIVETING BURR A riveting burr is a small

plainwasher which is assembled with a small
rivetbeforepeeningtheend to provide a large
area of contact on thepart.For an application
of therivetingburr, See 8.5. RIVETING BURR
57

AMERICANSTANDARD
7.13 SEALING WASHER A sealingwasher is

made of relatively soft materials and is of vari-
ous designs. This washer is sometimes used in
connectionwith metallic washerstowhich it Sealer
can be bonded. Bonded to
Washer
SEALING WASHER
7.14 SPRING LOCK WASHER Aspringlock
(G3 # #
washer is a coiled, hardened, split
circular
washerhaving a slightlytrapezoidalwire sec-
tion. It is designed to serve a s a spring take-up
device to compensatefordevelopedlooseness
and l o s s of tension between the parts of an as-
ing. Thesemblyto
and
of
function a s athe
ends hardened
washer are
to b e adesigned
r bite thrust
SPRING LOCK WASHER
into the bearing surfaces.
7.15 SPRING WASHER A springwasher is a

washer similar to 7.14 SPRING LOCK WASHER
except that the ends of the washer are not bent.
For another type of SPRING WASHER, s e e 7.5
CONICAL SPRING WASHER.
SPRING WASHER
7.16 SQUARE
GRIP WASHER A square grip
washer is a modified square or plain washer hav-
ing a square hole. The sides of the hole and the
outside corners of the washer are bent at right
a n g l e s to one face of the washer toform g r i p s
thatpreventrotationofsquareneckfasteners
when assembled on soft materials such a s wood.
SQUARE GRIP WASHER
Tooth
Internal
Tooth
External
7.17 TOOTH
LOCK WASHER A tooth lock
washer is a hardenedcircularwasher,having
twisted or bent prongs or projections which are
deformed when assembled. The prongs, on which
the pressure is localized, resist loosening of t h e
fastener.It is generallyfurnishedinExternal
Tooth,
Internal
Tooth, and Internal-External
Tooth Types as illustrated.
Internal - External Tooth
TOOTH LOCK WASHER
58

GLOSSARY OF TERhjS FOR MECHANICAL FASTENERS
7.18 WOOD GRIP WASHER A wood grip washer

is a modifiedcircularpIainwasherhavingthe
annulus cut and the ends bent to form agrip. It
is designed for u s e on soft materialssuch as
woo d.
WOOD GRIP WASHER

8. RIVETS
8.1 RIVET A rivet is a headed metal fastener of malleable material used to join parts of s t a c t u r e s
and machines by inserting the shank through the aligned holes in each piece and forming a head on
the headless end by upsetting.
8.2 LARGE RIVET A large rivet is a solid rivet having a body diameter of 1/2 inch or more and a
head of one of the following forms: Button, high button, cone, countersunk, or pan (See under 2.2.9.4
page 12). Large rivets are usually driven a t forging heat.
8.3 SMALL RIVET A small rivet is a rivet, usually solid, having a body diameter of less than 1/2
inch and a head of one of the following forms: Button, countersunk, Pat, oval, pufi, ortruss(See under
2.2.9.4 page 12). Small rivers are usually driven cold.
8.4 RIVET HEAD STYLES The many head styles applied to the various types of rivets are illus-
trated and described in 2.2.9.4.
8.5 BELT RIVET A belt rivet is a s m a l l solid

rivethaving a flattop,countersunkhead,and
chamfer point. It is used with a riveting burr for
joining leather.
BELT RIVET
8.6 BLIND RIVET A blind rivet is a rivet designed for use where only one side of the work is ac-
cessible. The rivet shall have a suitable means for expanding or forming the rivet endon the blind
side, which is actuated after the rivet is inserted from the open side. Blind rivets are generally fur
ther categorized by the expanding or forming features such as: Collar, Drive Pin, Explosive, and Pull
Stem. A f e w exampIes of the various types of blind rivets are shown inthe accompanying illustrations.
Before Riveting After Riveting Before After Before After

Driving Driving Exploding Exploding
Type
Explosive
Type Pin Drive Type Collar
Before Riveting After Riveting Before Riveting After Riveting

Pull Through Self Plugging
Pull Stem Type
BLIND RIVET TYPES
59

ASME B 3 8 * L 2 h2 W 2575532 0034474 b W
AMERICANSTANDARD
8.8 BRAKE LINING RIVET For description and

illustration, see under 8.17 TUBULARRIVET.
8.9 COMPRESSION RIVET A compressionrivet

i s a rivetconsisting of twoparts: a solid rivet
and a deep-dcilledtubularrivet.Thediameters
of the solid
shank
and
the
drilled
hole
are
selected so a s toproduce a compression o r
pressed fit when the two partsareassembled.
Most rivets of thistypehave flat heads.This
rivet i s sometimesreferredto a s CUTLERY COMPRESSION RIVET
RIVET.
8.10COOPERS' RIVET A coopers'rivet is a

smallsolidrivethaving a flat top,countersunk
head,andchamferpoint.It is used for joining
the ends of barrel hoops..
COOPERS' RIVET
8.11CUTLERY RIVET See 8.7 COMPRESSION
RIVET for definition.
8.12 SHOULDER RIVET A shoulderrivet is a

solid or tubularrivethaving a shoulderunder
the head.
8.13 SPLIT RIVET A split rivet is a small rivet

having a split end for securing by spreading the
ends.It is commonly furnishedwithanoval
countersunkhead.
8.14 SWELL-NECK RIVET A swell-neckrivet

or
e
\u SPLIT
SPLIT
i s a large solid rivet having an enlarged, tapered

neck under the head for tightly fitting a hole in
a part.
8.15 TANK RIVET A tank rivet is a small solid

rivetdesigned for useinsheet metal. It com-
monly h a s a button,countersunk,flat, or truss
head.
TANK RIVET

GLOSSARY O F TERMS FOR hiECHANICAL FASTENERS
8.16 TINNERS'RIVET A timers'rivet is a

s m a l l solid rivet having a head of t h e same form
a s a flat head rivet but larger in diameter. It is
designed for use in sheet metal work.
8.17 TUBULAR RIVET A tubular rivet is a small

rivet having a coaxial cylindrical or tapered hole
intheheadlessend.It is commonly furnished
with a countersunk, flat, oval, or truss head (See
under 2.2.9.4 page 12). Thetop of theflattop
countersunkhead may beslightlychamfered as
shown. Tubular rivets are designed to be secured Semi-Tubular Tubular
Full
by splaying or curlingtheend.They are further
classified as semi-tubular,thosehavinghole
depths which do not exceed 112 per cent of the
mean shank diameter, measured on the wall; and
fulltubular,thosehavingholedepthswhichdo
exceed 112 per cent of the mean shank diameter.
Flat Top Countersunk Head
With Chamfered Top
(Brake Lining Rivet)
9. PINS TUBULAR RIVETS
9.1 PIN A pin is a straight cylindrical or tapered

fastener, with or without a head, designed to p e r
form a semi-permanent attaching o r locating
function.
9.2 CLEVISPIN A clevispin is a solidpin

having a cylindricalheadononeendwith a
chamfer point and drilled hole for a cotter pin a t W
theother;designedforuse with clevisesand
-rod ends. CLEVIS PIN
9.3 COTTERPIN A cotterpin is double

a
bodied pin formed from semi-circular wire, a loop
"B
at one end of which provides a head. Available Beveled
Mitered
Standard
in various point styles as illustratee.
B
I
Hammer Lock
Chisel
F37 .B
Square
Mitered
Extended Prong
COTTER PINS

-
ASME B38.12 h 2 W 2 5 7 5 5 3 2 0034Ll7b T W
AMERICAN STANDARD
9.4 DOWEL PIN A dowelpin is a solidhead-

lessstraight pin. Itsdiameter is closely con-
trolled. Hardened and ground dowel pins have one
end chamfered and the other end radiused to form Hardened and Ground
a crown. Lnhardened ground pins have both ends
chamfered.
Unhardened Ground
DOWEL PINS
9.5 HANDDRIVE PIN A handdrivepin is a
smalldiameter,sharppointed-endpin that c a n
be installed with small special hand tools and a
hammer into concrete, light steel, etc. T h e end
thatprotrudesafterinstallation may beplain,
headed, or threaded.
9.6 POWER DRIVE PIN A power drive pin is of
the same type a s t h e 9.5 HAND DRIVE PIN ex-
cept that it is larger in diameter and for heavier
loads. The power for driving is usually aballistic
powder charge.
9.7 ESCUTCHEON PIN An escutcheon pin is a

@- HAND POWER
ANDDRIVE PINS 0
pin having a semispherical head with a flat bear
ing surface formed on one end and a long cone or
pinch point on the other.
ESCUTCHEON PIN
9.8 GROOVED PIN A groovedpin is asolid
headless pin having
controlleddiameterand
length, with multiple longitudinal grooves either
rolledorpressedintothe body, displacingthe
pin stockwithin
predetermined limits. The
grooves may extend over the full length oronly
portions of thepinandtheendsaregenerally
crowned. During installation, the pin material is
pressedbackwithin
compressiveforcesactuated
fit havingveryhigh
its elastic l i m i t s andthe
resistance
under shock and vibration.
to
through the
straining action of the hole wall produce a force
loosening
con-
0 GROOVED PINS
9.9 SPRING PIN A spring pin i s a hoIlow, head-

less pin,havingcontrolledlengthwithrounded
or chamferedends, formedto adiametersome-
what greater than that of the hole into which it
1 Slotted
is tobeassembled.Springpinsareavailablein
two styles, slotted and coiled as illustrated. I - 1
CoiIed
SPRING PINS
9.10 CHAMFEREDSTRAIGHT PIN A chamfered
straight pin i s a solid headless pin, having con-
trolleddiameter andlength,theends
axis of the fastener.

of which
are chamfered and approximately square with the fi CHAMFERED STRAIGHT PIN
62

9.11 SQUARE END STRAIGHT PIN A square

end straight pin is a solid headless pin, having
controlleddiameterandlength,theendsofwhich
have
sharp
corners
and
are
approximately
square
I SQUARE END STRAIGHT PIN
O
with the axis of the fastener.
9.12 TAPERPIN A taperpin is a headless,

solid pin having controlled diameter, length, and
taper, with crowned ends.
TAPER PIN
10. MISCELLANEOUS FASTENERS
10.1 BINDING POST A binding post is a s p e c i a l

type of subassembly used for clamping or hold-
ing e!ectricalconductorsin a rigid position. It
commonly consists of a screwhaving a collar,
head or body with one or more clamping screws.
BINDING POST
10.2 CEILING HOOK A ceiling hook is a fas-

tener similar to an open eye bolt except that it
has lag threads.
W
CEILING HOOK
10.3 EXPANSION FASTENER Onetype of ex-
pansion fastener consists of a machine bolt, an
expansion shield,
and
an
expandernut,
The
shield body expands in a wedgelike manner when
theexpandernut is tightened.Thisfastener is
commonly used in fastening to masonry.
Anothertype of expansionfastenerconsists
of a lagboltandaninternallythreadedsplit
sleeve. It is designed for fastening to stone or
concrete by inserting the sleeve into a holein
thestone or concreteandexpanding to a tight
fit in the hole by turning tbe lag bolt.
U EXPANSION FASTENERS
10.4 EYELET An eyelet is a flangedtubular

fastenerdesignedforsecuringbycurlingor
splaying the tubular end. EjYELE
0
10.5 GROMMET A grommet is a largeeyelet
typefastenerdesignedforsecuring. by curling
the tubular end over a formed washer to provide
strength in holes through resilient materials.
GROMMET

AMERICANSTANDARD
10.6 HEADED AND THREADED ROD A headed

and threaded rod is a fastener similar to a ma-
/I n
chinescrewexceptthat it h a s a very much
greater length. It has a round, truss,or flat head
and an end threaded for a nut.
U
HEADEDANDTHREADEDROD
10.7 SCREWDOWEL A screw dowel is a dowel

pin provided with a straight or tapered thread.
O SCREW DOWEL
10.8 THREADINSERT A threadinsert is a n

internally threaded bushing designed to be molded
inorinsertedintosoftorbrittlematerials
providegreaterstrengthandminimizewear
to
of
@
JL.../’
threaded assembly. THREAD INSERT

10.8.1 Helical Thread Insert A helical thread
insert is a wire of diamond shaped cross section
coiled in t h e form of a helix designed toform a
thread insert when assembled into a tapped hole.
Theinsert is designedtolock itself i nt h e
tapped hole.
Helical Thread Insert
10.8.2 Tapping Thread Insert A tapping thread
insert i s a thread inserthavinganexternal
threadandcutting slots forcuttingand forming
a matingthreadwhen assembled
into
an un-
tapped drilled or cored hole.
Tapping Thread Insert

10.9 TURNBUCKLE A turnbuckle is a l o o p o r
sleeveusuallyinternallythreadedwith a left-
handthread a t oneendand a right-handthread
attheotherend,intended for assemblywith a
threadedstud,eye,hook, or jaw at eachend,
usedforapplyingtension to rods,wirerope,
etc. Turnbucklesaresometimesmade with a TURNBUCKLE
swivel feature at one end.

GLOSSARY OF T E R M FOR MECHANICAL FASTENERS
INDEX
A Paragraph P age
.
Acorn Head ( s e e under 2.2 .Y.4.2 High Button Head) . . . . . . . . . 12
. . . . . . .
Acorn Nut ( s e e 6.12 Crown Nut) . . . . . . . . . 51
ActualFit . . .
. . .
. . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . 2.3.12.1
. . . . . . 2.3.1
. . 18
ActualSize . 17
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.2
1
AdjustingScrew . . 43
Aircraft
Bolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . 3.2
. . . . . . . 3.12
. . 27
AircraftClevisBolt . . 31
Aircraft Eye Bok. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.21.1 . . 32
Aircraft
Quality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1.15.1 . . 6
Allowance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.2 . . 17
AlloySteel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.5.1 . . 26
Anchor Bolt. Fire-Brick . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-23 .. .. 43
33
AnchorLight Mounting Screw . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3
Anchor Nut (see 6.10ClinchNut) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Angle.
Chamfer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.57 . . 18
AngIe.
Head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.13 . . 18
Angle. Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.27 .. .. 2017
Angularity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.3
Annealed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.5.2 . . 26
Anodizing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6.2 . . 27
B
Ball
Head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.9.3.1 . . 9
BallHeadScrew . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.4 . . 43
BarrelNut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.4 .6.5 . . 50
BasicSize . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.4 . . 17
BatteryBolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3 . . 28
BearingSurface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.1 . . 7
BellevilleWasher(see . . . . . . .
7.5 ConicalSpringWasher) . . 56
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. .. 59
BeltRivet 8.5
BentBolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.4 28
Bevel Washer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.3 . . 56
BindingHead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.9.3.2 . . 9
BindingPost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.1 . 63
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
i
Blank 2.2.2 . . 7
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.6
Blank. Bolt or Screw . . 29
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Blind Rivet
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8.6 . . 53
BobbinScrew 5.5 . . 43
Body . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . : . . 2.2.3 . . 7
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Body (see under type of 'Body) . . 7
BodyBolt.ExternallyRelieved. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-20 . . 32
BodyBolt.InternallyRelieved. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-36 . . 35
Body-Bound or Fitted. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.3.1 . . 7
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.5
Body D i m e t e r . . 17
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.5
Boiler Patch Bolt . . 29
Boiler
Rivet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.7 . . 60
Bolt.
Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1 . . 27
Bolt (see under type)
BoltBlank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.6 . . 29
Bolt
End . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.7 . -30
Bolt Stud . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2 . . 41
BoneScrew . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.6 . . . 43

.
AMERICAN STANDARD
I N D E X (continued)
Page Paragraph B (cont’d)
Bossed
Head
Bolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.21.2 . . . 32
Bound Body . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.3.1 . . . 7
Bow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.6 . . . 17
Brake
Lining
Rivet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.8 . . . 60
aridge
Bolt . . . .
Broaching . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . .
. . .
. . . 2.4.1
3.8 . . . 30
. . . 25
Burnishing . . . . .
Burr . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . 2.4.2
. .
. . . -25
2.4.3 . . . 25
Burr. Riveting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.12 . . . 57
Button Head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.9.3.3-2.2.9.4.1 a . . 9.12
Button
Head. High . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.9.4.2 . . . 12
Button Head Bolt(see3.51 Round HeadBolt) . . . . . . . . . . 37
C
C Washer (see 7.9 Open or HorseshoeWasher) . . . . . . . . . . 57
Cage Nut (see 6.8 CaptiveNut) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Camber . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.6 . . . 17
Cap Nut (see 6.12 Crown Nut) . . . . . . . . . . . . e . . 51
Cap
Screw . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.7 . . . 43
Captive Nut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.8 . . . 50
Carbon
Steel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.5.3 . . . 26
Carriage
Case
Bolt
Hardened
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.10
2.5.4
. . . 30
26
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
e . .
Cast
Bolt 3.11 31.
Castellated Nut (see 6.9 Castle Nut)
.
. . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . 51
Castle
Nut 6.9 . . . 51
Ceiling Hook . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.2 . . . 63
ChamferAngle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.7 . . . 18
ChamferDiameter(seeunder2.3.28PointDiameter) . . . . . . . . 21
. . . . . . .
Chamfer Length (see under 2.3.29 Point Length) . . . 21
Chamfer Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.12.1 . . . 15
Chamfered Straight
Pin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.10 . . . 62
Chip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4.4 25
ClampingTypeDoubleEndStud . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.5.1
a
.
.
.
.
. 42
Clevis
Bolt.
Aircraft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.12 . . . 31
Clevis
Pin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.2 . . . 61
Clinch
Nut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.10 . . . 51
ClosedAnchorRingEyeBolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.4.1 . . . 28
Closet
Bolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.13 . . . 31
. . . . . .
Clutch Recess (see under 2.2.9.1 Recessed Head) . . . 8
Coating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.6.3 . . . 27
Coining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4.5 . . . 25
Cold
Heading Stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.5.5 . . . 26
Collar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.4 . . . 7
Collar Stud . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3 . . . 41
Collared
Eye
Bolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.21.3 32
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
e . .
CollaredNut
RingBolt 3.47 37
Collared
Rivet
Ring
Bolt . . . . . . . . . . . . .
i 3.49 . . . 37
Commercial
Fastener . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1.2 . . . 5
Complete
Thread . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.46.1 . . . 23
CompressionFastener . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1.3 . . . 5
Compression
Rivet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.9 . . . 60
Concentric.
Concentricity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.8 . . . 18
Conduit
Nut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.11 . . . 51
Cone
Head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.9.4.3 . . . 12
Cone Lock Washer (see 7.5 Conical Spring Washer) . . . . . . . . . 56

1
P Paragraph C (cont'd)
ConePoint . . . . . .
. . . . . . .
. . . 2.2.12.2- 5.18.1 . . . 15 .45
ConicalSpringWasher . .
. . . . . .
. . . . . . . 7.5 . . . 56
.
Connecting Rod Bolt . .
. . . . . .
. . . . . . . 3.14 . . 31
. .
. . . . . .
. . . . . . .
m
Continuous Thread Stud 4.4 . . . 42

' . . .
Coopers Rivet . .
. . . . . .
. . . . . . . 8.10 . . . 60
CorrugatedHeadBolt . .
. . . . . .
. . . . . . . 3.15 . . . 31
. . . .
Cotter P in . .
. . . . . .
. . . . . . . 9.3 . . . 61
. . .
Counterboring . .
. . . . . .
. . . . . .. 2.4.6 . . . 25
Countersink . . . . .
. . . . . .
. . . . . . . 2.3.9 . . . 18
Countersinking. . . .
. . . . . .
. . . . . .. 2.4.7 . . . 25
. .
Countersunk Bolt . .
. . . . . .
. . . . . . . 3.16 . . . 31
Countersunk
Head . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . 2.2.9.4.4 . . . 13
CountersunkHead, Flat Top . . . . . .
. . . . . . . 2.2.9.4.4.1 . . . 13
Countersunk Head, Flat Top (with chamfered top) . . . . . . 2.2.9.4.4.2 . . . 13
CountersunkHead,Round . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . 2.2.9.3.16 . . . 10
CountersunkHead,RoundTop . . . . .
. . . . . . . 2.2-9.4.4.3 . . . 13
. . . . . .
.. .. .. .. ..
.. .. .. .. .. ..
CountersunkHead,Square 2-2.9.3.20 11
CountersunkHead Square
Neck
Bolt 3.10-1 . . . 30
. . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . .
. Crest
Truncation
Cross
Drilled . . . . . . .
Cross Recess (see under 2.2.9.1 Recessed Head)
. . .
. . . . . .
. . . . . .
.
2.3.48.1
2.2.5
.
. .
.
.
.
24
8
8
Crown
Nut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.12 . . . 51
Crowned End (see
under 2.2.12.7 Oval Point) . . . . . . . . . . 15
Point
Cup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.18.2 . . . 45
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.. .. ..
Thread
Cut 2.4.8 25
t Cutlery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.11 60
D
Decarburized . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.5.6 . . . 26
DeckBolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.17 . . . 31
Depth,
Recess . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.31 . . . 21
Depth,Slot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.39 . . . 22
Depth,Socket . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.42 . . . 22
Design Size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.10 . . . 18
Diameter,Body . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.5 :. . 17
Diameter,Head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.14 . . . 18
Diameter, Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.28 . . . 21
Diameter, Recess. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.32 . . . 21
Diameter,Shank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.37 . . . 22
Diameter,Socket . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.43 . . . 23
Dog Point,Full . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.18.3 . . . 45
DogPoint.Half . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.18.4 .... 45
DoubleEndStud,clampingtype.interferencethreadtype . 4.5-4.5.1- 4.5.2 . . . 42
. .
Double Hexagon Head (see under 2.2.9.3.24 Twelve-Point Head) .. .. .. 11
Dowel, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.7 64
Dowel P i n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.4 . . . 62
Drilling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4.9 . . . 25
Drive Soh, Fetter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.22 .. .. .. 33
Drive
Pin,
Hand,
Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.5 .9.6 62
Drive
Screw,
Metallic
(type . . . . . . . . . . . .
U) 5.14 * . . 44
Drive
Screw, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wood 5.27 . . . 48
Drop Bolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2 1.4 . . . 33
E
Eccentric , Eccentricity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.11 . . . 18
Eccentricity,Hea& . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.15 . . . 18
67

AMERICAN STANDARD
E (cont'd) h P aragrap P age
Eccentricity.
Recess .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.33 . . . 21
. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. ..
Eccentricity.
Slot 2.3.40 22
Effective
Thread . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.46.2 23
Electro-Galvanizing . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.6.5.1 . . . 27
ElevatorBolt . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.18 . . . 32
Embossing . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4.10 . . . 25
EnduranceLimit .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1.4 . . . 5
EscutcheonPin .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.7 . . . 62
. . . . .
Expansion Bolt. Screw (see 10.3 Expansion Fastener) . . . 63
ExpansionFastener . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.3 . . . 63
. . .
External Wrenching (see under 2.2.9.3-26 Wrenching Head) . . . 12
ExternallyRelievedBody . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.3.2 . . . 7
ExternallyRelievedBodyBolt . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.20 . . . 32
Extruding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4.1 1 . . . 25
Eye
Bolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.4;1-3.&.2-3.21 . . . 28-32
Eye
Bolt.
Aircraft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.21.1 . . . 32
Eye Bolt. Collared or Shouldered . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.21.3 . . . 32
Eyelet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.4 . . . 63
.
F \
Facing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4.12 . . . 25
Fastener.
Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1.1 . . . 5
. . . . . . . . . .
Fastener (see under type of Fastener)
Fastener.
Threaded
(see
under 2.1.22 Threaded
Fastener) .... . . . 6
Fatigue
Limit
(see 2.1.4 Endurance . . . . . . . .
Limit) . . .
Fetter
Drive
Bolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.22 . . . 5
33
Fillet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.6 . . . 8
Fillister Head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.9.3.4 . . .
Fi-n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.7 . . . 9
8
Fin Neck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.11.1 . . . 14
Fin Neck Round Head Bolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.10.2 .... 30
Finish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.6.1 . . . 27
Finish Washer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.6 . . . 57
Finished Fastener . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1.5 . . . 5
Fire-BrickAnchor B o k . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.23 . . . 33
Fit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.12 . . . 18
Fitted or Body-Bound . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.3.1 . . . 7
Fitting-Up Bolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.24 . . . 33
Flange Nut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.13 51
Flash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4.13 . . .
a . .
25
Flash
Plating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.6.4 . . . 27
Flat Fillister Head
Flat
Head .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.2.9.3.5
2.2.9.3.6-2.2.9.4.5
. . .
. . . 9
9-13
Point
Flat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.18.5 . . . 46
FlatTop Countersunk Head . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.9.4.4.1 . . . 13
FlatTop Countersunk Head(with
chamfered top) . . . 2.2.9.4.4.2- 8.17 . . . 13- 61
Flat
Trim Head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.9.3.7 . . . 9
F i a t Undercut
Head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.9.3.8 . . . 9
. . . . . . . . . .
Flat Washer ( s e e 7.10 Plain Washer) . . . 57
Fluted
Socket
(see
under . . . . . .
2.2.9.3.19 Socket
Head) . . . 11
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.25
.. .. 33
Forcing Bolt
Forging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4.14 . 25
Full Dog Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.18.3 . . . 45
Full or Nominal Diameter
Full Size Body (see under
Body. . . . . . . . . . . . ..
2.2.3.3 Full or Nominal Diameter
Body)
2.2.3a.3 .. .. .. 7
7
68

ASME B I B - 1 2 h 2 m 2 5 7 5 5 1 2 0014483 7
Paragraph P age
Galvanizing
GimletPoint
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .
2.6.5
2.2.12.3
.
.. . . 2 7
. . 1 5
Globe Head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.9.4.6 . . 1 3
Grains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . ' . 2.5.7 .
Grinding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . 2.4.15 .
Grip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.8
.
Grip Washer. Square . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... 7.16
Grip Washer. Wood. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.18
Grommet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.5
. . ..
Grooved P i n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.8
. .
Ground Thread . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . 2.4.16 .
HaIf
Dog
Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.18.4 . . . 4 5
HandDrive
Pin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.5
HangerBolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.26
Hardening.
Strain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.5.14 .
. . . . . . . .
Hardening. Work ( s e e 2.5.14 StrainHardening)
Head.
Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.9 .
Head (see under type of Head)
Head .Anchored Toggle
Bolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.76 . . 4 1
Head
Angle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.13 . ..18
Head
Diameter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.14 . ..18
Head
Eccentricity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.15 . ..18
Head
Height . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.16 . . . -19
Head
Length . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.17 . ..17
HeadLocking Bolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.27 * . 3 3
HeadLockingScrew . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.9 . . 4 4
HeadStyles.Rivet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.4 . . 5 7
HeadStyles.
Threaded Fastener . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.9.3 . . . 9
. .
Head Styles. Common Applications of Threaded Fastener. Table 1 . . 1 2
Head
Styles.
UnthreadedFastener . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.9.4 . . . 1 2
Head
Taper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.18 . . . 1 9
Head Width . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.17 . . . 1 9
Headed and Threaded Rod . . . . . . . .' . . . . . . . 10.6
- . . 6 4
Headed
Fastener . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1.6 . . . 5
Header . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4.17 . . . 2 5
HeaderPoint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.12.4 . . . 1 5
Heading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4.18 . ..25
Headless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.9.3.9 . ..10
Headless
Fastener . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1.7 . . . 5
Heel
Bolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.28 . . 3 4
Height.
Head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.16 . ..19
Helical
Thread
Insert . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.8.1 . ..64
Hexagon Head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.9.3.10 . . 1 0
Hexagon HeadBolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.27 . . 3 4
Hexagon Nut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.14 . . 5 2
Hexagon washerHead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.9.3.11 . . € 0
HighButtonHead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.7.4.2 . ..12
High
Strength
Bolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.30 . . 3 4
High
Strength
Fastener . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1.8 . . * 5
HoodLatchBolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.31 . . 3 4
Hook Bolt (Acute Angle. Right Angle. Round. and
SquareBendTypes) . . . . . . . . . . 3.4.3-3.4.4-
3.4-5-
3.4.6 . .. r .5 278 - 29
Horseshoe Washer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.9
HubBolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.33 . . 3 4
69
:
-

AMERICAN STANDARD
IN D E X (continued)
I Page P aragraph
Inclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.5.8 . . . 26
IncompleteThread . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.46.3 . . . 24
. . . .
Indicating Washer. Preload . . . . . . . . . . 7.11 . . . 57
Indicator Reading. Total (see under 2.3.11 Eccentric.
. . .
Eccentricity; 2.3.36 Runout) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18- 22
Insert.HelicalThread . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.8.1 . . . 64
. . . . . . .
Insert. Tapping Thread . . . . . . . . . 10.8.2 . . . 64
InsertLockingScrew . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.10 . . . 44
Insert
Screw . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.11 . . . 44
Interference Body Bolt (see 3.50 Rivet Bolt) . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
InterferenceThreadTypeDoubleEndStud . . . . . . . . . 4.5.2 . . . 42
InternalWrenching(seeunder 2.2.9.3.26 Wrenching Head) . . . . . . . 12
Internal
Wrenching
Bolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.35 . . . 35
InternalWrenching Nut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.15 . . . 52
InternallyRelievedBody . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.3.4 . . . 7
Internally Relieved Body Bolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.36 . . . 35
J
J.Bolt. OffsetRoundBend . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . 3.4.7 . . . 29
Jam Nut (see under 6.14 Hexagon Nut) . . . 52
JointBolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.38 . . . 35
K
Key
Bolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
2.3.42 Socket Depth)
Key Engagement (see under . . . . . . . 3.39 . . . 22
Key Head Plow Bolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.45.2-
3.45.3 . . . 36
Knurled Head Screw . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.12 . . . 44
Knurled
Nut
Knurling
. . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . 6.17
. . . . . . 2.4.19
. . . 52
. . . 25
L
Lag
Bolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.40 . . . 35
Laps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.5.9 . . . 26
Large
Rivet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.2 . . . 59
.
Latch Bolt. Hood
.
Left-Hand Thread
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
3.31
2.2.16.2
.
.
.
.
*34
. 17
Length . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.20 . . . 20
Length.Head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.17 . . . 19
Length.
Nut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.26 . . . 20
. .
Length. Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.29 . . . 21
. .
Length. Shank . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . 2.3.38 . . . 22
Lengths.Thread . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.46 . . . 23
Length of Thread Engagement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.21 . . 20
*
Limits of Size. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.22 . . . 20
Lock Nut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.18 . . . 52
.
Lock Washer. Cone (see 7. 5 Conical Spring Washer) . . . . . . . . . 56
LockWasher.Spring . . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
7.14 . . . 58
Lock Washer. Tooth . . 7.17 . . . 58
LockingBolt.Head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.27
.
. .
.. 33
. 44
LockingScrew.Head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.9
LockingScrew.Insert
Locking Screw. Thread
. . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
5.10
5.23 .. ... 44
. 48
Lockplate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.8 .. .
. . 57
*
Lug . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.10 14
70

M agrap P ar h P age
MMC (see under 2.3.23 Maximum Material Condition) . . . . . . . . . . 20

MachineBolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.41 . . . 35
MachineHead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.9.4.7 . . 13
.
h.lachine Screw . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.13 . . . 44
MachineScrewNut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.19 . . . 52
Machining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4.20 . . . 25
híaximum MaterialCondition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.23 . . . 20
Mechanical
Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1.9 . . . 5
MetallicDriveScrew(Type
MeterBolt . . . .
U)
. . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. . .
. . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. . 5.14
. . 3.42
. . 6.3
... .
.
.
. 44
. 35
. 53
.
Micro Slotted Nut . . . . . . . . . . .
Milled from theBar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4.21 . . . 25
MiniatureScrew . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.15 . . . 45
Miscellaneous Fasteners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
. .
Mounting Bol t. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.43 . . . 36
Mounting Screw. Anchor Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3 . . . 43
N
NailPoint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.12.5 . . . 15
Neck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.11 . . . 14
. . . .
Neck. F i n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.11.1 . . . 14
Neck.Ribbed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.11.2 . . . 14
Neck.Square . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.11.3 . . . 14
Neck.
Swell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.11.4 . . . 14
NeedlePoint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.12.6 . . . 15
Nominal or Full Diameter Body . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.3.3 . . . 7
Nominal Size. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.24 . . . 20
Nonstandard Fastener . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1.10 . . . G
. .
Nut. Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.1 . . . 50
Nut (see under type)
Nut Length . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.26 . . . 20
Nut Thickness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.'3.25 . . . 20
Nut Width . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.26 . . . 20
O
Oiled . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.6.6 . . . 27
.
One-way Head Screw . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.16 . . . 45
OpenAnchorRingEyeBolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.4.2 . . . 28
Open
Washer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.9 . . . 57
Ornamental Head Screw . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.17 . . . 45
OvalHead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.9.3.12 .2.2.9.4.8 . . . 10- 13
OvalPoint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.12.7-5.18.6 . . . 15-46
OvalTrimHead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.9.3.13 . . 10
.
Oval Undercut Head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.9.3.14 . . 10
Oven Head (see under 2.2.9.3.2-3 T r u s s Head) . . . . . . . .. .. . 11
P
PanHead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.9.3.15 .2.2.9.4.9 . . 10-13
Passivating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.6.7 . . . 27
Patch
Bolt.
Boiler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.5 . . . 29
Physical
Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1.11 . . . 6
71

AMERJCANSTANDARD
Paragraph P (cont'd) P age
Pickling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.6.8 . . . 27
Pilot Diameter (see under 2.3.28 Point Diameter) . . . . . . . . . . 21
.
Pilot Length (see under 2.3.29 Point Length) . . . . . . . . . . . 21
PilotPoint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.12.8 . . . 15
Pin.
Definition . . . . . . . . . .
Pin (see under type of p in)
. . . . . . . . . 7.1 . . 61
Pinch Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.12.9 . . . 16
Pits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
. . . . .
. . . . . .
2.5.10 . . . 26
Place Bolt
(see
3.27
Head
Locking
Bolt) . . 33
Plain(finish) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.6.9 . .
. . . 27
Plain NutRingBolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.46 . 37
Plain Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ; . 2.2.12.10 . . 16
Plain RivetRing
Bolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.48 . . . 37
Plain Washer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.10 . . 57
Planer
Bolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.44 . . . 36
PlanerHeadBoltNut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.21 . . . 53
P l a t e Nut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.22 . . . 53
Plating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.6.10 . . . 27
Plating Build Up. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.6.10.1 . . . 27
PlowBolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.45 . . . 36
Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,2.2.12 . . . 15
Point (see under type of Point)
Point
Angle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.27 . . . 20
Point
Diameter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.28 . . . 21
.
. . .. 2211
PointLength . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.29
PointRadius . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.30 *
. . . . . . . . .
Points. Set Screw (see under 5.18 Set Screw) . . . 45
Pointing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4.22 . . . 25
Polishing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4.23 . . . 25
PowerDrivePin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.6 . . 62
Precision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1'12 . . . 6
PreloadIndicatingWasher. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. 2.1.13
7.11
.
. . -57
Proof Load . . 6
.
. .. . 6
Proof Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1.14
Punching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4-24 . 25
Q
Quality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1.15 . . . 6
Quality.Aircraft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1.15.1 . . . G
R
Radius.Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.30 . . 21
RecessDepth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . .
2.3.31
. . . . . . . 2.3.32
. 21
. . 21
I
RecessDiameter
Recess Eccentricity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.33 . . 21
Recess Width . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.34 . . 21
Recessed
Head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.9.1 . . 8
Reduced Diameter Body . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.3.5 . . 7
Reference
Dimension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.3 5 . . 21
Relieved Body. Externally . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.3.2 . . 7
Relieved Body. Internally . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.3.4 . . 7
Relieved Body Bolt.Externally . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.20 . . 32
72
.
GLOSSARY OF TERLIS FOR MECHANICAL FASTENERS
Paragraph R (cont'd) Page
Relieved
Body
Bolt.
Internally . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.36 .
. .35
Repair Head Plow Bolt (see under 3.45 Plow Bolt) . . . . . . . . . .36
Rib . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.13 .
. .16
Ribbed Neck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.11.2 .
. . .14
RibbedNeckRound HeadBolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.10.3 .
. .30
Right-handThread. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.16.1 . .17
.
RingBolt.Plain Nut. etc . . . . . . . . . . .
3.46 .3.47 .3.48 .3.49 . . .37
Rivet.
Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.1 . .59
Rivet (see under type)
Rivet
Bolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.50 . . .37
Rivet
Head Styles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.4 . .59
Riveting
Burr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-12 . . .57
Rod.
Headed and
Threaded . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.6 . . . 64
Rolled
Thread . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4.25 . . .25
Roof
Bolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.8 . .30
Root
Truncation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.48.2 . . . 2 4
RoundCountersunk Head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.9.3.16 . . 1 0
RoundHead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.2.9.3.17 .2-2-9.4.1 . . 11.12
Round HeadBolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3. 5 1 . .37
Round Head Fin Neck. Ribbed Neck. Short Square Neck.
SquareNeckBolts . . . . . . . . .
3.10.2 .3.10.3 .3.10.4 .3.10.5 . . . 3 0
Round
Nut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.23 . . *53
.
Round Point (see under 2.2.12.7 Oval ?oint) . . . . . . . . . . .15
Round SectionT-Bolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.70 . .40
. .
Round Top Countersunk Head . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.9.4.4.3 . . 1 3
Round WasherHead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.3.3.18 . .11
Runout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.36 . . .22
S
Scale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4.26 . . . 26
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Screw.Definition 5.1 . . . 43
Screw (see under type)
ScrewandWasherAssembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.29 . . -49
ScrewBlank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.6 . . . 29
ScrewDowel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.7 . * -64
ScrewStock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.5.11 . . . 26
Seal
Bolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.5 2 . . . 38
Sealing
Washer 7.13 . . . 58
SecuringBolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.53 . . . 38
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Semi-Finished Fastener 2.1.16 . . . 6
Set
Screw.Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.18 . . . 45
. . . . . . . . . .
Set Screw Points (see under 5.18 Set Screw) . . . 45
ShackleBolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.54 . . . 38
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
"
ShaftBolt 3.55 . . . 38
Shank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.14 . . . 16
Shank
Diameter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.37 . . . 22
ShankLength . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.38 . . . 22
Shaving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4.27 . . . 26
Shear
Fastener . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1.17 . . . G
Shoulder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.15 . . . 16
Shoulder Rivet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.12 . . . 60
ShoulderScrew . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-19 . . . 46
ShoulderScrew.SocketHead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.20 . . . 46
ShoulderStud . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46. . . . 42
Shouldered Eye Bolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.21.3 . . . 32
73
..
P-F
F

AMERICANSTANDARD
Paragraph S (Cont’d) P age
ShoulderedNutRingBolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-47 . . . 37
ShoulderedRivetRingBolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.49 . .37
Shuttle
Screw . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.21 . . .46
Sink
Bolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.56 . . .38
Size.
Actual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.3.1 . . .17
Size.
Basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.3.4 . . .17
Size. Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.10 .
. . . . . . .18
Skein
Nut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.24 .. * .54
Sleeve Nut
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.57 .
6-25 . .54
Sleigh
Shoe
sliver
Bolt
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4.-28 .
.. .38
.26
Slot
Depth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.39 . . .22
Slot
Eccentricity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.40 . ... 22
Slot Width . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3.41 . . .22
Slotted Head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2.9.2 . . .8
SlottedNut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.26 . . .54
Slotted Nut.
h.iicro . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.20 . . .53
Slotting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4.29 . . .26
Small . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rivet . . 8.3 . .59
SocketDepth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3-42 . . .22
SocketDiameter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.43 . . .23
SocketHead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
SocketHeadShoulderScrew . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.9.3.19
5-20 . . .46
Socket Width . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.4’4 . . .23
soft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SpecialFastener . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1-18 .
2.5.12 . . .26
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.12.11 .5.18.7 .
. . 6
Spherical
Point . . 1 6 - 46
SplineNut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.2.9.3.19 Socket Head) . . . . . . . .
6.27 . . *54
Spline Socket (see under
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
Split
Rivet
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.58 .
8.13 . .60
Spring Center
Bolt
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.59 . . .38
Spring
Clip
Bolt . .38
Spring
LockWasher . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.14 . . .58
SpringNut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.28 . . .54
SpringPin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.9 . .62
Spring Washer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . .
7.15
. . . . . . . . 2.2.9.3.20
. . .58
SquareCountersunkHead
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.1 1 . . .11
SquareEndStraight
Pin
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.16 . . .63
Square
Grip
Washer
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58
SquareHead
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.60 .
2.2.9.3.21 . .11
Square Head
Bolt
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.11.3 .
. .39
Square Neck
. . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.10.1 . . .14
SquareNeckCountersunkHeadBolt . .30
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. . . . 3.10.5
SquareNeck. Short SquareNeck. Round HeadBolts
. .6.29
3.10.4 .
. . .30
Square Nut
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.5.13 . . .55
Stainless
Steel
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26
Stair
Bolt
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.61
. . .39
Stamped
Nut
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.30
. . .55
StandardFastener
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.1.19
. . . 6
Starter
Boltwith
Pilot
Point
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.62
. . .39
Stay
Bolt
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.63
. . .39
Steel.
Alloy
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.5.1
. . .26
Steel.
Carbon
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.5.3
. . .26
Steel. Stainless
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.5.13 . .26
SteepleHead 2.2.9.4.10 . .14
74

S (cont'd) Paragraph P age

Step
Bolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.64 . . . 37
Stock
Fastener . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1.20 . . . 6
StoveBolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.65 . . . 37
Stove Head (see under 2.2.7.3.23 Truss Head) . . . . . . .. . . . . 11
Straight Pin. Chamfered. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
I
7.10 . . . 62
StraightPin.SquareEnd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.11 . . . 63
StrainHardening . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.5.1'4 . . . 26
Stripper Bolt (see under 5.20 Socket Head Shoulder Screw) . . . . . . 46
Structural
Bolt (see 3.41 Machine
Bolt) . . . . . . . . ' 35
Strut
Bolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.68 . . . 37
Stud. Definition. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.1 . . . 41
Stud ( s e e under type)
Stud Bolt (see under 4.5.1 Double End Stud. ClamDing Type) . . . . . 42
Styles.RivetHead . . . . . . . .
. . .
Styles of Head. Threaded Fastener
.
.
. . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . .
8.4
2.2.7.3
. . 57
. . . 7
. .
Styles of Head.UnthreadedFastener . . . . . . . . . 2.2.7.4 . . . 12
. . . . . . . .
Surface Heat Treatment . . . . . . . . . . 2.6.12 . . . 27
Surface
Treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.6.11 . . . 27
SwellNeck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.11.4 . . . 14
Swell-NeckRivet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.14 . . . 60
T
T-Bolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.67 . . . 37
T.Bolt. RoundSection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.70 . . . 40
T-Head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.7.3.22 . . 11
T-Head
Bolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.71 . . . 40
T-Nut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.31 . . . 55
Table 1. Common Applications of Threaded
. . . . . . . . . . . . .
FastenerHeadStyles . . 12
. . . . . . .
Table 2. Screw and Washer Assembly Combinations . . 47
TankBolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.72 . . . 40
Tank Rivet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.15 . . . 60
Tap
Bolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.73 . . . 40
Tap End Stud (see under 4.5.2 Double End Stud. Interference
. . . .
ThreadType) . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Taper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.45 . . . 23
Taper.
Head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.18 . . . 17
TaperPin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.12 . . . 63
. . . . .
TappingScrew.Definition . . . . . . . . . . 5.22 . . . 46
.
Tapping Screw Types (see under 5.22) . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
TappingStud . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.7 . . 42
TappingThreadInsert. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.8.2 . . . 64
. .
Tee-Nut (see under 6.22 Plate Nut) . -. . . . . . . . . . . 53
Temper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.5.15 . . . 26
. . . . . . . .
Tension Fastener . . . . . . . . . . 2.1.21 . . . 6
Thick Nut (see under 6.14 Hexagon Nut) . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Thickness. Nut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.25 . . . 20
.
Thin Nut (see under 6.14 Hexagon Nut) . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Thread . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.16 . . . 16
. . . . . . . .
Thread. Complete . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.46.1 . . . 23
. . . . . . . .
Thread. Effective . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.46.2 .. . . 23
Thread.Incomplete. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.46.3 . . . 24
Thread.
Left-Hand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.16.2 . . . 17
Thread.Right-Hand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.16.1 . . . 17
75

AMERICAN STANDARD
T (cont’d) Paragraph Page
Thread. Rolled . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4.25 . ..25
Thread.Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.46.5 . ..24
ThreadEngagement.Length of . .. . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.21 . .. .. G2 04
ThreadInsert . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . 10.8 .
ThreadInsert.Helical . . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . 10.8.1 . ..64
ThreadInsert.Tapping . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . 10.8.2 . ..64
Thread Lengths . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.46 . . . 23
ThreadLockingScrew . . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . 5.23 . .. .. 42 84
Thread Runout . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.46.4 .
Threaded Fastener . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1.22 . . . 6
ThreadedFastenerHeadStyles . .. . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.9.3 . . . 9
. . .. .. .. .. ..
Threaded Fastener Head Styles. Common Applications of . . 1 2
Thumb Nut (see under 6.40 Wing Nut) . . . . . . 5 6
ThumbScrew . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.24 . . . 4 8
Timers’ Rivet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.16 . ..40
. . 6 1
T i r e Bolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.74 . ..40
Toggle Bolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.75 .
ToggleSolt.HeadAnchored . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.76 . . . 4 1
Tolerance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.47 . . . 2 4
ToothLock Washer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.17 . . . 5 8
Total Indicator Reading (see under 2.3.11 Eccentric.
. . .
Eccentricity; 2.3.36 Runout) . . . . . . . . . . . 18 .22
TotalThread . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.46.5 . ..24
. . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . ..26
. e . .
Toughness . 2.5.16
Track
Bolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.77 * . . 4 1
Track-Bolt Nut . . . . . . . . .. . . . .. .. .. .. .. .. 6.36 . ..55
. e . 5 5
Tri-Slot N m . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.37
TrimHead.Flat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.9.3.7 . . . 9
TrimHead.Oval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.9.3.13 . . 1 0
Trimming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4.30 . . . 2 6
Truncate. Truncation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.48 . . . 2 4
Truss Head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.9.3.23 . . 1 1
T r u s s (Wagon Box)Head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.9.4.11
.
. . 1 4
TubularRivet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.17
.
. . 6 1
Tumbling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4.31
.
. . 2 6
Turnbuckle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.9 . . 6 4
Twelve-PointHead . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . 2.2.9.3.24 . . 1 1
U
U-Bolt(Round.SquareBend) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.4.8-3.4.9 . . 29
.
Cndercut Head. F l a t . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.9.3.8. . . 7
Undercut Head. Oval . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.9.3.14 . . 10
Underhead Fillet . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.6.1 . . . 8
Undersize Body (see under 2.2.3.5 Reduced Diameter Body) . . . . . . . 7
Unfinished Fastener . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1.23 . . . 6
Universal Spring Center Bolt (see under 3.58 Spring Center Bolt) . . . . . 38
. .
Unthreaded FastenerHeadStyles . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.9.4 . . . 12
Upsetting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4.32 . . . 26
v
Voids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.5.17 . . . 26
76

Paragraph Page
Wagon BoxHead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.9.4.11 . .14
Washer. Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.1 . .56
Washer (see under type)
WasherandScrewAssembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.29 . .49
Washer Crown Nut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.38 . . .56
Washer Face . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.17 . . .17
WasherHead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.9.3.25 . .11
Washer Head.Hexagon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.9.3.11 . .10
Washer Head. Round . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.9.3.18 . .11
Watch Screw (see 5.15 Miniature
Screw) . . . . . . . . . . .45
. .
'
Wedge Bolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.79 .41

Weld N u . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.39 . . .56
Welding Screw. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.26 . . .48
. . . . . . . . . . .
Whee€ Bolt (see under 3.33 Hub B o k ) . :34
Width. Head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.19 . . .19
Width. Nut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.26 . .
.
Width. R e c e s s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.34 .
Width. Slot. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.41 .
Width. Socket. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.44 .
Width AcrossComers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.49 .
Width Across Flats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.50 .
Wing Nut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.40
Wing Screw . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.24 .
Wood Drive Screw . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.27
Wood Grip Washer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.18
Wood Screw . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.28
.
Wood Screw Stud with Threaded End (see under 3.26 Hanger Bolt)
Work Hardening . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.5.18
Wrenching Head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.9.3.26'
77 o

ASME B18.12 (1962) - Glossary of Terms For Mechanical Fasteners

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ASME B18.12 (1962) - Glossary of Terms For Mechanical Fasteners

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A M E R CI A N

Glossary of Terms for

Society of Automotive Engineers

COPYRIGHT American Society of Mechanical Engineers

ECTIONAL COMMITTEE B18 on Dimensional Standardization of Bolts, Nuts, Rivets, Screws,

COPYRIGHT American Society of Mechanical Engineers

COPYRIGHT American Society of Mechanical Engineers

COPYRIGHT American Society of Mechanical Engineers

GlossaryofTermsfor Mechanical Fasteners

1, INTRODUCTORY NOTES 2.1.2 Commercial Fastener commercial

2. GENERAL TERMS 2.1.7 HeadlessFastenerAheadless fas-

COPYRIGHT American Society of Mechanical Engineers

2.1.10 NonstandardFastener A nonstandard

2.1.13 ProofLoad A proofload is a speci-

2.1.16 Semi-FinishedFastener A semi-

COPYRIGHT American Society of Mechanical Engineers

2.2.2 Blank A blank is afastenerin sow

2.2.3 Body T h e body of athreadedfastener

2.2.3.1 Bound Body (Body-Bound or Fitted)

2.2.3.2 Externally Relieved Body An ex-

2.2.3.3 Full or Nominal DiameterBody A

2.2.3.4 Internally Relieved Body An inter-

2.2.3.5 Reduced DiameterBody A reduced A

2.2.4 Collar A collar is raised

COPYRIGHT American Society of Mechanical Engineers

2.2.5 Cross Drilled A crossdrilled fas-

Cross Drilled Head 1

2.2.6 Fillet A fillet is theconcave junc-

2.2.6.1 Underbead Fillet An underhead

2.2.7 Fin A fin is a form ofkeyunderthe

2.2.8 Grip In general,thegrip of a fastener

2.2.9 HeadThehead of a fastener is the

2.2.9.2 Slotted Head A slottedhead is a

COPYRIGHT American Society of Mechanical Engineers

GLOSSARY OF TERMS FOR MECHANICAL FASTENERS

2 . 2 . 9 . 3 Threaded Fastener Headstyles The

2.2.9.3.3 Button Head A button head as

2.2.9.3.8 FlatUndercutHead T h e flat

COPYRIGHT American Society of Mechanical Engineers

2.2.9.3.9 Headless A headlessthreaded

2.2.9.3.10 Hexagon Head Thehexagon

2.2.9.3.1 1 HexagonrasherHead The

conical bearing surf ace.

2.2.9.3.14 Oval Undercut Head The oval

2.2.9.3.15 PanHead Thepanheadhas

2.2.9.3.16 Round CountersunkHead T h e

COPYRIGHT American Society of Mechanical Engineers

2.2.9.3.17 Round Head The round head

2.2.9.3.18 Round Washer Head T h e round

2.2.9.3.19 Socket Head Thesockethead

knurled cylindrical side surface and a flat bear

2.2.9.3.20 Square Countersunk Head -*The

Square Countersunk Head

2.2.9.3.21 SquareHead The square head

2.2.9.3.22 T-Head The T-head is anob-

2.2.9.3.23 T r u s s Head Thetrusshead

2.2.9.3.25 WasherHead A washerhead

COPYRIGHT American Society of Mechanical Engineers

2.2.9.3.26 A‘renching Head A wrenching ternally

Table 1 Common Applications of ThreadedFastenerHeadStyles

2.2.9.4 Unthreaded Fastener Head Styles

2.2.9.4.2 Iligh Button Head A highbut-

2.2.9.4.3 ConeHead A conehead is a