Professional Documents
Culture Documents
VOCABULARY
Vulnerability: Vulnerabilidad
Problems: Problemas
Socializing: Socializar
Families: Familias
Youth center: Centro joven
Leisure: Ocio
Free time: Tiempo libre
Culture: Cultura
Personal development: Desarrollo personal
Cultural awareness: Conciencia cultural
Social movement: Movimiento social
Volunteering: Voluntariado
Associationism: Asociacionismo/ Asociaciones
Political: Política
Organization: Organización
GRAMMAR
To make the comparative form of adjectives (like 'bigger' or 'more expensive') and the
superlative form (like 'biggest' or 'most expensive'), first we need to know how many
syllables are in the adjective.
Adjectives with one syllable
Usually if an adjective has only one syllable, we add '-er' to make the comparative form.
We add
'-est' to make the superlative form.
• clean → cleaner / cleanest
• cold → colder / coldest
• small → smaller / smallest
• young → younger / youngest
• tall → taller / tallest
There are some spelling changes. If there is one vowel followed by one consonant at the
end of the adjective, we often double the consonant.
• wet → wetter / wettest
• big → bigger / biggest
• hot → hotter / hottest
• thin → thinner / thinnest
If the adjective ends in '-y', this often changes to 'i'.
• dry → drier / driest
If the adjective ends in -'e', we don't add another '-e', just '-r'.
• nice → nicer / nicest
• large → larger / largest
Even when the adjective has only one syllable, it's still not wrong to use 'more' or 'most'.
It's possible to say 'more wet' or 'most tall'. This isn't incorrect..
May be freely copied for personal or classroom use.
There are a few adjectives that we have to use 'more' or 'most' with, even though they
only have one
syllable. We CAN'T add 'er' or 'est'.
• fun → more fun / most fun (NOT funner / funnest)
• real → more real / most real (NOT realer / realest)
• right → more right / most right (NOT righter / rightest)
• wrong → more wrong / most wrong (NOT wronger / wrongest)
Adjectives with two syllables
For adjectives with two syllables we generally use 'more' or ‘most’.
• careful → more careful / most careful
• normal → more normal / most normal
But some two syllable adjectives can take '-er' or '-est'. It's also fine to use 'more' (for the
comparative) or 'most' (for the superlative).
• clever → cleverer
• simple → simpler
• narrow → narrower
• quiet → quieter
Adjectives with two syllables that end in 'y' usually can add '-er' or '-est' (y generally
changes to i).
It's also fine to use 'more'.
• dirty → dirtier / dirtiest
• pretty → prettier / prettiest
• happy → happier / happiest
• ugly → uglier / ugliest
May be freely copied for personal or classroom use.
Adjectives with more than two syllables
Adjectives with more than two syllables can only make their comparative by using
'more' and their
superlatives by using 'most'.
• beautiful → more beautiful / most beautiful
• intelligent → more intelligent / most intelligent
• interesting → more interesting / most interesting
• expensive → more expensive / most expensive
Irregular Adjectives
There are also some irregular adjectives. We just need to learn these forms.
• good → better / best
• bad → worse / worst
• far → further / furthest
• little → less / least
• much → more / most
FUTURE TENSE
Will
1: Usamos el futuro simple con 'will' para predecir el futuro. Es la forma básica en que
hablamos sobre el futuro en inglés y, a menudo, lo usamos si no hay razón para usar
otro tiempo futuro. Podemos usarlo para hechos futuros y para cosas que son menos
ciertas.
Be going to
1: A menudo usamos 'be going to' para hablar de nuestras intenciones y planes
futuros. Por lo general, hemos hecho nuestros planes antes del momento de hablar.
2: También podemos usar 'be going to' para hacer una predicción sobre el futuro. A
menudo es posible usar tanto 'be going to' como 'will' pero es más común usar 'be going
to' si podemos ver evidencia en el presente.
Present Continous
WILL
La estructura en forma afirmativa: sujeto + will o 'll + infinitivo
La forma negativa usamos won't, que es la forma contraída de will + not
Interrogativa : will + sujeto + verbo + resto de frase.
Be going to
Sujeto + To be + Going to + Infinitivo + Complemento
Sujeto + to be + not + going to + Infinitivo + Complemento: I am not going to
have time to do this
Interrogative: “Are you going to go to work?”
Present Continous
Subject + am/is/are + present participle (verb+ing) + the rest of the sentence
Subject + am/is/are + not + present participle (verb+ing) + the rest of the
sentence
Am/is/are + subject + present participle (verb+ing) + the rest of the sentence
Forma imperativa.
No hay diferencia si le das una orden a una sola persona oa un grupo de personas - la
forma del verbo es la misma. Ponga el verbo en infinitivo sin "to" al comienzo de la
oración, no use un sujeto y termine la oración con un objeto.
UNIT 6
VOCABULARY
Expression: Expresión
Toy: Juguete
Exchange: Intercambio
Child’s: Niño o Niña
Comunication element: Elemento de la comunicación
Image: Imagen
Intellectual: Intelectual
Nonverbal: No verbal
Language: Lenguaje
Person: Persona
Gestures: Gestos
Eye contact : Contacto visual
Communication: Comunicación
Spoken: Hablado
Receiver: Receptor
Message: Mensaje
Context: Contexto
Sender: Trasmisor
Code: Código
GRAMMAR
Reflexive pronouns
Myself
Yourself
Himself
Herself
Itself
Ourselves
Yourselves
Themselves
Each others and one others
During, while and for
During
During se pone despues del sustantivo de una frase
“The accident took place during the night”
While
While se pone en medio de 2 frases
“They held hands while they were waiting for the diagnosis”
For
Usamos For para referirmos en un periodo de tiempo
“We have been waiting for one hour!”
ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY