II PUC BIOLOGY

Section-wise Analysis, PYQs 2014-22

Model Papers 2023

Part A I & II: MCQs & FILL IN THE BLANKS (Answer All)
Question
Number
Chapter Name /Topics
Reproduction In Organisms
Reproduction Behaviour of Flowers, Ovary, Clones, Gemmule, Chromosomes, Hermophrodites,
Embryogenesis
Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants
Define Pollination, Kinds of Pollination, Features of Agents of Pollination, Filiform Apparatus
Human Reproduction
Androgens, Ovulation, Menopause, Menarche, Parturition, Colostrum, Foetal ejection Reflex,
Scrotum, Implantation
Reproductive Health
IUD’s, Sexually Transmitted Diseases (Types and Preventions), MTP
Principles Of Inheritance and Variation
Aneuploidy, Polyploidy, Dominance, Chromosomal Disorders
Molecular Basis of Inheritance
Purines and Pyrimidines of DNA and RNA, Chromosomes, Euchromatin, Amino acid Residues,
Adaptor Molecule, Genetic Code (Codons and its Functions)
Evolution
Q.1 Terms: Saltation, Gene pool, Genetic Drift, Coelacanth fish, Founder effect
To Human Health and Diseases
Q.20 Pain killers, Widal Test, Causative Organism of pneumonia, Malaria, Elephantiasis etc,
Plant names, Drugs obtained by those Plants, Immunoglobulins, Mast Cells
Strategies for Enhancement In Food Production
Biofortification (Definition and Objectives), Farm Management (Dairy or Poultry)
Microbes In Human Welfare
Exercise 10.2.3(Full paragragh), Bacteria(Propionibacterium sharmani,
Methanobacterium), Baculoviruses, Define Glomus, Biofertilizers
Biotechnology: Principles and Processes
Terms – Microinjection, Biolistic, Restriction Enzymes, PCR, Ti-Plasmid, Elution, Gel
electrophoresis
Organism and Population
Terms: Homeostasis, Natality, Mortality, Immigration, Emigration, Adaptation,
Gause’s competitive exclusion principle, Diff btw Syngamy and triple Fusion
Ecosystem
Terms: Detritus, GFC, Food Web, Pioneer Species, Sere, Climax community, Primary
and Secondary Productivity, Stratificatioan, Tropical level, Standing Crop, Pioneer
Speceis

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 II PUC BIOLOGY
Section-wise Analysis, PYQs 2014-22
Model Papers 2023

Part B (III): 2 Markers (Answer any Five)

Question
Number
Chapter Name /Topics
Reproduction In Organisms
Vegetative Propagules (definition and examples), Asexual Reproductive Structures of diff
Species, Diff btw Menstrual and Oestrous Cycle, Diff btw Asexual and Sexual Reproduction,
Diff btw Homogametes and Heterogametes, Diff btw Seasonal and continuous Breeders
Internal and External Fertilization, Embryogenesis, Sexual and Asexual Reproduction,
Vegetative Propagules
Sexual Reproduction In Flowering Plants
Diff btw Syngamy and Triple Fusion, Diff Btw Chasmogamous and Cleistogamous Flowers,
Diff Btw Geitonogamy and Xenogamy, Pollination and its Features, Terms – False Fruits,
Parthenocarpic Fruits etc.., Emasculation, Bagging
Principles of Inheritance and Variation
Q.21 Co-dominance, Genotypes and Blood Groups of Human and Animals, Chromosomal Disorders,
To Test Cross and its Significance, Point Mutation (Definition and examples), Karyotypes,
Q.28
Mendelian Disorders and Symptoms (Phenylketonurea), Pedigree symbols, Difference
between linkage and recombinant
Molecular Basis of Inheritance
HGP, Transcription Unit (Definition and Steps), Criteria’s of Molecule as Genetic Material,
Diff btw DNA and RNA as Genetic Material, RNA Polymerases
Evolution
Evolution by Athropogenic Action, Hardy – Weinberg Principle, Factors Affecting
Equilibrium, Examples of Primates, Adaptive Radiation (Definition and examples),
Analogous & Homologous Organs (Definition and examples), Darwinian theory of
evolution
Environmental Issues
Define Pollution and Types, BOD, Algal Bloom, Eutrophication, Biomagnification,
Global Warming, Montreal Protocol, Deforestation, Catalytic Convertors

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 II PUC BIOLOGY
Section-wise Analysis, PYQs 2014-22
Model Papers 2023

Part C (IV): 3 Marks (Answer any Five)

Question
Number
Chapter Name /Topics
Human Reproduction
Functions of Placenta, Human Mammary Gland (Draw and label)
Accessory Ducts of Male and Female, Menstrual Cycle (FSH and LH Hormones),
Placenta and Hormones Secreted by Placenta, Spermatogenesis (GnRH and LH
Hormone)
Reproductive Health
ART and Types (IVF, ZIFT, GIFT, ICSI, AI, IUI, IUT), Infertility (Definition and
Reasons), Contraception (Barrier methods, Surgical and Non- Surgical methods),
Features of Ideal Contraceptives
Molecular Basis of Inheritance
HGP, Transcription Unit (Definition and Steps), Criteria’s of Molecule as Genetic Material,
Diff btw DNA and RNA as Genetic Material, RNA Polymerases
Evolution
Miller’s Experiment (Draw and label), Assumptions of Oparin and Haldane, Diff btw
Convergent and Divergent Evolution, Homoerectus Stage of Human Life, Views of
Lamarck on Evolution
Q.29
Human Health and Diseases
To
Characteristics of Cancer cells, Carcinogens (Definition and example), Diff btw Malignant
Q.36
and Benign Tumour
Immunity (Definition and Types), Innate Immunity (Definition and Types of Barriers), Diff
btw Active and Passive Immunity, Allergy
Strategies for Enhancement In Food Production
Diff btw Inbreeding and Outbreeding (types), Inbreeding Depression, Inter-Specific
Hybridization, Diseases, Plant Breeding (traits and selection process, Mutation Breeding,
Table 9.1 and 9.2)
Ecosystem
Benefits of Ecosystem, Phosphorous Cycle, Define Biogeochemical cycles with
examples, Diff btw (Primary and Secondary Succession / Hydrarch and Xerarch
Succession), Define and Give Graphical Representation of Pyramid of Energy /
Biomass / Number
Limitations of Ecological Pyramids, Factors affecting Decomposition,
Steps in Process of Decomposition, Phosphorous Cycle, Carbon Cycle
Biodiversity and Conservation
Sacred Groves (Definition and examples), Extinct Organisms as per IUCN red list,
Evil quarter of Biodiversity Loss, Alien Species, In -situ and Ex -situ Conservation,
Habitat Loss in India
Biodiversity (Definition and Types), Endemism, Abiotic stresses

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 II PUC BIOLOGY
Section-wise Analysis, PYQs 2014-22
Model Papers 2023

Part D (V): 5 Marks (Answer any Three)

Question
Number
Chapter Name /Topics
Sexual Reproduction In Flowering Plants
Transverse Section of Young Anther (Draw and describe structure),
Megasporangium/Ovule (Draw and describe structure), Mature Embryo Sac (Draw and
describe structure), Events of Development of Female Gametophyte, Describe
Autogamy and Devices developed to Prevent It, Mechanism of Pollination (Vallisneria
and Sea grasses), Pollen Grain (Draw and describe structure), Autogamy, Advantages
offered by Seeds to Angiosperms, Artificial Hybridization and Technique, Outbreeding
Devices
Molecular Basis of Inheritance
Frederick and Griffith’s Experiment, Oswald and Avery’s Experiment or DNA as
Genetic Material, DNA Replication (Diagram and Steps), Messelson and Stahl
Experiment or Semiconservative mode of DNA Replication, Process of Translation of
mRNA, Lac-operon Model (Diagram and Process), VNTR’s (Definition and Steps),
Q.37 Salient Features of Genetic Code, Harshey and Chase Experiment
To Strategies For Enhancement in Food Production
Q.42 Plant Breeding (Steps), Dairy and Poultry farm Management, Animal Breeding (Inbreeding and
Outbreeding), MOET, SCP, Bee-Keeping,
Tissue Culture terms (Explant, Totipotency, Somaclones, Somatic hybrids, Micropropagation)
Microbes In Human Welfare
Industrial Products, Stages in Sewage Treatment, Bio-Gas (Diagram and labelling), Microbes
as Biocontrol Agents and Bio-Fertilizers
Biotechnology: Principles and Processes
r-DNA Technology (steps and Diagram), pBR322(Explain Structure),
Features of Cloning Vectors , Simple stirred Bioreactor (Draw and Labelle), Tools used
in r- DNA Technology, Separation and Isolation of DNA Fragments, Methods to
Introduce Alien DNA into Host Cells, Agarose Gel Electrophoresis (Draw and
Labelle), Downstream Processing
Environmental Issues
Plastic Wastes, Radioactive Wastes, e- Wastes, Joint Forest Management,
Air Pollution (ESP, Scrubber, CNG), Water Pollution (BOD)

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 II PUC BIOLOGY
Section-wise Analysis, PYQs 2014-22
Model Papers 2023

Part D (VI): 5 Marks (Answer any Two)

Human Reproduction
Female Reproductive System (Draw and label), Male Reproductive System (Draw and
label) Human Sperm (Draw and label), Spermatogenesis (Definition and Process)
Biotechnology and Its Applications
Bt-cotton, Transgenic Animals and its benefits, RNA Interference (Nematode
Infection), ADA Deficiency, Crystal (cry) Proteins
Biopiracy (Basmathi rice), Gene Therapy (Definition and Applications),
Crygene (Cry I AC / Cry II Ab / Cry 1Ab), ELISA
Principles Of Inheritance and Variation
Q.43 Law of Incomplete Dominance, Co-Dominance, Law of Independent Assortment, Sex
To Determination in Honey bees, T.H Morgan Drosophila Experiment, Mendelian
Q.47 Disorders, Chromosomal Disorders, Karyotype, Diff btw Homozygous and
Heterozygous Plants, Multiple Alleles (Definition and example)
Organism and Population
Population Interaction theory with examples (Predation, Competition,
Parasitism [Brood Parasitism], Commensalism, Mutualism [Sexual deceit])
Graphically Represent Logistic Growth Curve / Exponential Growth Curve / Biome
distribution with respect aanual temperature and precipitation
Population Interaction theory with examples (Predation, Competition,
Parasitism [Brood Parasitism], Commensalism, Mutualism [Sexual deceit])
Human Health and Diseases
Life Cycle of Plasmodium, Antibody (Draw Structure and label), HIV (Draw Structure
and label), Prevention and Control measures of Drug/Alcohol Abuse, Common
Diseases in Humans and Organisms Responible for Diseases, Retrovirus(Diagram and
Life Cycle)

Note: This is prepared based on PYQs + Model papers 2023. There can be small error.

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