Department of Education

Region IV-A CALABARZON

Schools Division of Calamba City
Lesson 1: Materials that Absorb Water

LESSON GUIDE

Absorb- to take in something in a natural or gradual (unti-unti)

way
Porous-having small holes that allow air or water to pass
through; porous materials absorb
Non-porous- materials that do not allow air or liquid to pass
through; non-porous materials do not absorb

PUPIL’S ACTIVITY

Exercise 1
Materials: a basin of water/ a pail of water, tray/big bowl, rubber balls, cotton
balls, sponge, face towel, t-shirt, rug, tissue paper

Direction: Submerge the rubber balls, cotton balls, sponge, face towel, t-shirt,
rug, and tissue paper one at a time on the basin of water/ pail of water.
Squeeze each material on the tray/ big bowl. Then answer the activity below.

What happened when Put a if the

Material you squeezed the material absorbs
material? water and a
if it does not.
rubber balls

cotton balls

sponge

face towel

t-shirt

rug

tissue paper
Exercise 2
Direction: Tell whether the materials are porous or non-porous. Check under
the correct column.

Material Porous Non-Porous

rubber balls
cotton balls
sponge
face towel
t-shirt
rug
tissue paper
Manila paper
Styrofoam
curtain

Exercise 3
Direction: In one or two sentences, what is the difference between porous and
non-porous materials?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

Exercise 4
Direction: Write true if the statement is correct. If the statement is wrong.
Change the underlined word/s with porous, non-porous, absorb or can’t
absorb.

______________________1. Plastics are porous materials.

______________________2. Non-porous materials are materials having small
holes that allow air or water to pass through.
______________________3. Cotton is a porous material.
______________________4. Materials made out of cloth do not absorb water.
______________________5. Wood has the ability to absorb water.

Exercise 5
Direction: Draw one example of porous material found inside the classroom.
Lesson 2: Materials That Float and Sink

LESSON GUIDE
Sink- to fall to the bottom (ilalim) of water
Float- to stay on top

An object’s shape can affect its ability (kakayahan) to float. Some float no matter
what the shape. Some things float at first, but then sink as they absorb water.

PUPIL’S ACTIVITY
Exercise 1
Materials: a bucket of water, rubber ball, ping-pong ball, pencil, metal spoon,
styro cup, aluminum foil, stone, mineral water bottle with cover, saucer

Direction: Prepare the bucket of water. Drop each of the materials into the
bucket of water. Observe what happens and fill-out the table below by
checking the correct column.
Materials Float Sink
1. Rubber ball
2. Ping-pong ball
3. Pencil
4. Metal spoon
5. Styro cup
6. Aluminum foil
7. Stone
8. Mineral water
bottle with cover
9. Saucer

Answer the following questions:

1. Which materials float? ______________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
2. Which materials sank? _____________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
3. Does the shape of an object affect its ability to float? ________________
4. What conclusion can you make based on your observation above?
____________________________________________________________________
Lesson 3: Materials that Undergo Decay

LESSON GUIDE
Decay- to be slowly destroyed into bits in the presence of water, air and soil

Some factors that contribute to the decaying process of the materials are
sunlight, water, soil, and microorganisms.
Decaying materials become organic fertilizers that enriches (pinagyayaman) the
soil.
Refrigerating leftover food (tiring pagkain) avoid or delay spoilage (pagkapanis)
because microorganisms that break down food do not grow fast in cold
temperature.

PUPIL’S ACTIVITY

Exercise 1

Direction: Use your imagination to answer the following.

What do you think will happen if: Write what you think will happen.

1. You leave the cheese bread on

the table for two weeks?

2. You leave the mineral water

bottle inside your bag for a
month.

3. You leave the papaya peelings

in a plastic container for a
week.

4. You place the fish inside the

freezer for four days.
Exercise 2
Direction: Which of the materials enumerated below undergo decay? Color the
cell green if the material will decay or blue if the material will not decay.

1. Plastic cups

2. Bread

3. Aluminum foil

4. Camote leaves

5. Apple

6. Paper

7. Boxes

8. Sando bags/plastic bags

9. Magazines

10. Styrofoam cup

Exercise 3

Direction: Give five materials that decay and 5 materials that do not undergo
decay.

Decaying Materials Non-Decaying Materials

1. 1.
2. 2.
3. 3.
4. 4.
5. 5.
Exercise 4
Direction: Identify what is being described.

_________________________1. It means to be slowly destroyed into bits in the

presence of water, air and soil. (clue: CAEYD)

_________________________2. Decayed materials becomes ______ that enriches

the soil. (clue: two words)

_________________________3. It slows down spoilage. (clue: where you put ice

cream)

Enumerate in order the factors that contribute to the decaying process.

________________________4. Clue: hot and bright

________________________5. Clue: without it, you will die