ENGLISH REVIEWER 4.

) Bandwagon
LESSON: RECOGNIZING PROPAGANDA  An appeal to be part of the group.
PROPAGANDA- refers to any technique that  The basic theme of the band wagon appeal
attempts to influence the opinions, emotions, is that “everyone else is doing it, and so
attitudes, behavior of a group, in order to should you”.
benefit the sponsor.
5. ) Transfer
TYPES OF PROPAGANDA
 An appeal that helps a person imagine
GLITTERING GENERALITIES themselves as part of a picture.
 Words of praise for product or person  The propagandist carries over the
authority, sanction, and prestige of
 Nice words like goodness or patriotism
something we respect and revere to
 Seeks to make us approve and accept something he would have us accept.
without examining the evidence.
6. ) Card Stacking
 Include phrases such as “We believe in”,
 Manipulating information to make a product
“fight for”, and “live by virtue”.
appear better than it is, often by unfair
 Include words about which we have deep- comparison or omitting facts.
set ideas, such as civilization, Christianity,
 Only presenting one side of the
good, proper, right, democracy, patriotism,
issue/situation.
motherhood, fatherhood, science,
medicine, health and love.
1. ) Name Calling
 Trash-talking another product or person.
 Links a person, or idea, to a negative
symbol
 The propagandist who uses this technique
hopes that the audience will reject the
person or the idea on the basis of the
negative symbol, instead of looking at the
available evidence.
2. ) Testimonial
 A famous person recommends a product or
a political endorsement.
3. ) Plain Folks
 Appeals to regular people and their values
such as health, family and patriotism.
 Attempts to convince their audience that
they, and their ideas, are “of the people”.
LESSON: ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY I. INTRODUCTION
- Is a type of writing that requires a A. Hook - Is an introduction that catches the
writer to defend a poistion on a topic using reader’s attention. Argumentative essay can
evidence from personal experience, literature, start with facts, statistics, quotes, or anecdotes
historical examples, and research to support that reference the topic of the essay.
his or her viewpoint. The writer usually uses
Doing research is essential to creating
several different arguments to prove his or her
an argumentative essay
point.
B. Thesis - Is a sentence that explains what
KEY TERMS FOR ARGUMENTATION
you are trying to prove and provides an
Your basic belief about a overview of the arguments you will make in
particular topic, issue, your body paragraphs. The thesis acts as a
CLAIM
event or idea. roadmap for the rest of your paper.
A solid and reasonable II. BACKGROUND INFORMATION
argument that opposes or
COUNTERCLAIM Though not always required in an
disagrees with your claim.
argumentative essay, a background paragraph
A written or verbal may be vital to your paper if there is
response to a information that your audience needs to be
counterclaim. The object aware of to understand your topic.
of the rebuttal is to take
This might include important historical
into account the ideas
REBUTTAL dates, an explanation dates who the subject
presented in the
affects, or current laws.
counterclaim and explain
why they aren’t III. BODY PARAGRAPHS
persuassive enough, valid
- Are where your will explain the
enough, or important
evidence you have to support your thesis
enough to outweigh your
statement. You should them include some form
own claim.
of rhetoric (such as a fact or statistic, an
Your specify facts or emotional anecdote, or a law) that provides
specific evidence used to support for your topic sentence.
SUPPORT
support why your claim is
IV. CONCLUSION
true.
- It is what you have been discussing in
Argue against a position
your paper. It should begin pulling back into
or prove it be wrong.
REFUTE more general information that restates the main
points of your argument.
A “party-agree” stance in
which you agree (in part)
QUALIFY
with another person’s
argument or position but
also disagree with part of
it.
LESSON: RESEARCH PAPER
 RESEARCH - is the systematic
investigation into and study of materials
and sources in order to establish facts and
reach new conclusions. It has also been
defined as “the effort to find new
information.” It always proceeds from the
unknown to unknown.
TYPES OF RESEARCH
1.) ACTION RESEARCH - Is either research
initiated to solve an immediate problem or a
reflective process of progressive problem
solving led by individuals working with others in
teams or as a part of a “”community of practice”
to improve the way they address issues and
solve problems.
2.) APPLIED RESEACH
- Refers to scientific study and research that
seeks to solve practical problems.
- It is used to find solutions to everyday
problems, cure illness, and develop innovative
technologies.
3.) CORRELATION RESEARCH
- Is looking for variables that seem to interact
with each other, so that when you can see one
changing, you have an idea of how the other
will change.
- It uses variables that they can’t control.
4.) PURE RESEARCH
- Is a systematic study directed toward together
knowledge or understanding of the
fundamental aspects of phenomena.
- Basic research is executed without thought of
a practical end goal, without specififc
applications or products in mind.
PARTS OF THE RESEARCH
 TITLE
 ABSTRACT - Is a short ( 100-500 words)
summary of the entire paper. It should
include: goals and objectives , and
conclusions. It is usually one of the last
parts of the paper to be written.
 INTRODUCTION - Also has three main
purposes. First, it provides background and
motivation for your topic (usually includes a
review of current literature on the topic).
Second, it describes the focus and purpose
of the paper you are writing. Third, it gives
an overview of what is contained in the
paper’s various sections.
 METHODS/PROCEDURE - It describes
what you did, how you did it, gives
strategies, sample calculations, diagrams
and circuits, and descriptions of equipment.
The goal here is to give the reader
sufficient information to be able to repeat
your work if desired.
 RESULTS - It is where you prove your
point with the data. Give pragraphs and
tables of costs, profits, whatever your data
is. Also give some description or guide to
help the reader recognize your important
points.
 CONCLUSIONS/DISCUSSION - Here you
state what you learned or proved. What are
the “take home messages” or major
accomplishments of this work? You may
also describe interesting observations new
questions, and future work here.
 BIBLIOGRAPHY - A list of the reference
you used in the work and writing the paper.
TWO DEVICES FOR RESEARCH PAPER
 DIRECT QUOTATION - The exact words
of the speaker
 REPORTED SPEECH - A restatement of
the ideas given by the expert or authority.
 RULES FOR TYPEWRITTEN
MANUSCRIPTS
1. ) MARGINS
a. ) Have a margin of at least one inch at the
left-handed side and one-half inch at the right-
hand side.
b. ) For the first page, the margin at the top of
the paper should be about two inches. For
subsequent pages, the margin should be at
leaast one inch.
c. ) The buttom margin should be at least one-
inch margin.
2. ) TITLE
a. ) Place the title at the center of the page.
b. ) There should be no border around the title.
c. ) A period should no come after it but a
question mark or exclamation point may follow
if necessary.
d. ) Write the title in capital letters.
3. ) PAGE NUMBERS - Beginning with second
page numbers should be in Arabic Numerals
and should be places at the right hand corner
one inch from the top and flush with right
margin.
4. ) COMPOSITION
a. ) Double -space the lines except when
making footnotes and long quotations.
b. ) On the first page, begin the composition
about four spaces below the title. Thereafter,
the first line should be two spaces from the line
of the page number.
c. ) Allow five to eight spaces for paragraph
indention.
d. ) Leave enough space after punctation
marks:
 One space after a comma or semicolon.
 Two spaces after a colon, period, question
mark, and material quoted.
 RESEARCH DESIGN- Is a framework for
answering your research question using
empirical data.
Creating a research design means making
decisions about:
 Your overall aims and approach
 The type of research design you’ll use
 How you’ll select participants or subjects
 Your data collection methods
 The procedures you’ll follow to collect data
 Your data analysis strategies.
A well-planned research design helps
ensure that the data you collect matches the
kind of analysis you want to do.
You might have to write up a research
proposal. In either case, your aim is to show
that you have carefully considered which
approach and methods are most appropriate
for your research aims, and to present a
feasible plan fr conducting the research.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Consider your aims and approach
2. Choose a type of research design
3. Identify your population and sampling
method
4. Choose your data collecrion methods
5. Plan your data collection procedures
6. Decide on your data analysis strategies
LESSON: LETTER OF APPLICATION
 LETTER OF APPLICATION - Is a sales
letter. What are you going to sell your
prospective employer is yourself - your
education, work experience, skills, and
character. It has two objects: the
immediate objective which is the interview
and the ultimate objective which is the
position.
CLASSIFICATION OF AN APPLICATION
LETER
 SOLICITED LETTER - Written in response
to an advertisement.
 UNSOLICITED LETTER - Those based on
some dues on job openings from other
people.
 BLIND ADVERTISEMENT - One that does
not reveal the identity of the employer.
ELEMENTS OF AN APPLICATION LETTER
I. ATTENTION PARAGRAPH (Opening) -
Open the letter by capturing the reader’s
attention in a businesslike way.
Samples:
1. SUMMARY OPENING - Present your
strongest, most relevant qualifications, with an
explanation of how they can benefit the
organization.
2. NAME OPENING - Mention the name of the
person who is well known to the reader and
who was suggested that you apply for the job.
3. SOURCE OPENING - When responding to a
job ad, Identify the publication in which the ad
appeared and briefly described how you meet
each requirement stated in the ad.
4. NEW ITEM OPENING - Cite a publicized
organizational achievement, contemplated
change, or new procedure desire to work for
the organization.
5. QUESTION OPENING - Pose an attention -
getting question that shows you understand an
organization’s problems, needs or goals, and
have a genuine desire to help solve, meet or
attain them.
6. PERSONALIZED OPENING - Present one
of your revelant interests or views, mention
your previous expereince with the orgaization,
or cite your present status as a means of
leading into the discussion of why you want
towork for the organization.
7. CREATIVE OPENING - Demonsrate your
flair and imagination with colorful phrasing
especially if he job requires these qualities.
II. BODY PARAGRAPHS - Interest, desire, or
evidence of qualifications (next several
paragraphs)
A. ) Present your key qualifications for the job,
highlighting what’s in your resume: job-related
educaion and training; relevant work
experience; related activites, interests, and
qualities.
B. ) Adopt a mature and businesslike tone.
1. Eliminate boasting and exaggeration
2. Back up your claim of ability by citing its
opertions or trends in the industry.
3. Demonstrate knowledge of the organization
and adesire to be fit for the job by citing its
operations or trends in the industry.
C. ) Link your eduacation, experience, skill and
persoanl qualities to the job requirements.
1. Relate aspects of your training or work
experience to those of the target position.
2. Outline your educational preparation for the
job.
3. Provide proof that you learn quickly, are a
hard worker, can handle responsibility, and of
get along well with others.
4. Present evidence of personal responsibility.
5. If asked to state saary requirements, prvide
current salary or desired salary ranged, and
link range, and link it to the benefits of hiring.
D. ) Refer the reader to the enclosed resume.
III. ACTION ( Closing Paragraphs)
1. Request an interview at the reader’s
convelence.
2. Request a screening interview with the
neared regional representative, if company
headquarters is some distance way.
3. State your phone number and the best ime
to reach you to make the interview request are
easy to comply with or mention the time when
you will be calling to se up interview. Express
appreciation for an oppurtunity to have an
interview.
4. Repeat your strongest qualification to help
reinforce the claim that you have something to
offer the organization.
 Q4 ENGLISH REVIEWER
I. IDENTIFICATION
__________________1. Refers to any
technique that attempts to influence the
opinions, emotions, attitudes, behavior of a
group, in order to benefit the sponsor.
__________________2. Present your
strongest, most relevant qualifications, with an
explanation of how they can benefit the
organization.
__________________3. Refers to scientific
study and research that seeks to solve
practical problems
__________________4. Beginning with
second page numbers should be in Arabic
Numerals and should be places at the right
hand corner one inch from the top and flush
with right margin.
__________________5. Mention the name of
the person who is well known to the reader and
who was suggested that you apply for the job
__________________6. Is the systematic
investigation into and study of materials and
sources in order to establish facts and reach
new conclusions.
__________________7. Is a short ( 100-500
words) summary of the entire paper. It should
include: goals and objectives , and
conclusions. It is usually one of the last parts of
the paper to be written.
__________________8. Trash-talking another
product or person.
__________________9. Cite a publicized
organizational achievement, contemplated
change, or new procedure desire to work for
the organization.
__________________10. It is used to find
solutions to everyday problems, cure illness,
and develop innovative technologies.
__________________11. Is either reseach
initiated to solve an immediate problem or a
reflective process of progressive problem
solving led by individuals working with others in
teams or as a part of a ”community of practice”
to improve the way they address issues and
solve problems.
__________________12. Your basic belief
about a particular topic, issue, event or idea.
_________________ 13. Is a systematic study
directed toward together knowledge or
understanding of the fundamental aspects of
phenomena.
_________________14. Appeals to regular
people and their values such as health, family
and patriotism.
_________________ 15. Those based on
some dues on job openings from other people.
_________________ 16. Argue against a
position or prove it be wrong.
_________________ 17. A solid and
reasonable argument that opposes or
disagrees with your claim
_________________ 18.When responding to a
job ad, Identify the publication in which the ad
appeared and briefly described how you meet
each requirement stated in the ad.
_________________ 19. A “party-agree”
stance in which you agree (in part) with another
person’s argument or position but also
disagree with part of it.
_________________ 20.Your specific facts or
specific evidence used to support why your
claim is true.
_________________ 21. It is where you prove
your put with the data. Give pragraphs and
tables of costs, profits, whatever your data is.
_________________ 22. Is looking for
variables that seem to interact with each other,
so that when you can see one changing, you
have an idea of how the other will change.
_________________ 23. Is a framework for
answering your research question using
empirical data.
_________________ 24. Is an introduction that
catches the reader’s attention. Argumentative
essay can start with facts, statistics, quotes, or
anecdotes that reference the topic of the
essay.
_________________ 25. A written or verbal
response to a counterclaim.
_________________ 26. Is executed without
thought of a practical end goal, without specififc
applications or products in mind.
__________________27. The exact words of
the speaker.
__________________28. The object of the
rebuttal is to take into account the ideas
presented in the counterclaim and explain why
they aren’t persuassive enough, valid enough,
or important enough to outweigh your own
claim.
_________________ 29. Words of praise for
product or person.
_________________ 30. It describes what you
did, how you did it, gives strategies, sample
calculations, diagrams and circuits, and
descriptions of equipment.
_________________ 31. A restatement of the
ideas given by the expert or authority..
_________________ 32. Is a sentence that
explains what you are trying to prove and
provides an overview of the arguments you will
make in your body paragraphs.
_________________ 33. A famous person
recommends a product or a political
endorsement.
_________________ 34. Demonsrate your flair
and imagination with colorful phrasing
especially if he job requires these qualities.
_________________ 35. Is a type of writing
that requires a writer to defend a poistion on a
topic using evidence from personal experience,
literature, historical examples, and research to
support his or her viewpoint.
_________________ 36. Written in response
to an advertisement.
_________________ 37. Include words about
which we have deep-set ideas, such as
civilization, Christianity, good, proper, right,
democracy, patriotism, motherhood,
fatherhood, science, medicine, health and love.
_________________ 38. The writer usually
uses several different arguments to prove his
or her point.
_________________ 39. One that does not
reveal the identity of the employer.
_________________ 40. Present one of your
revelant interests or views, mention your
previous expereince with the orgaization, or
cite your present status as a means of leading
into the discussion of why you want towork for
the organization.
_________________ 41. Pose an attention -
getting question that shows you understand an
organization’s problems, needs or goals, and
_________________ 42. Only presenting one
side of the issue/situation.
_________________ 43. It may be vital to your
paper if there is information that your audience
needs to be aware of to understand your topic.
_________________ 44. Manipulating
information to make a product appear better
than it is, often by unfair comparison or omitting
facts.
_________________ 45. Are where your will
explain the evidence you have to support your
thesis statement.
_________________ 46. It is what you have
been discussing in your paper.
_________________ 47. An appeal that helps
a person imagine themselves as part of a
picture.
_________________ 48. Attempts to convince
their audience that they, and their ideas, are “of
the people”.
_________________ 49. A list of the reference
you used in the work and writing the paper.
_________________ 50. Interest, desire, or
evidence of qualifications (next several
paragraphs)
_________________51. Is a sales letter.
What are you going to sell your prospective
employer is yourself - your education, work
experience, skills, and character.
_________________ 52. The propagandist
carries over the authority, sanction, and
prestige of something we respect and revere to
something he would have us accept.
_________________53. Open the letter by
capturing the reader’s attention in a
businesslike way.
_________________54. Consider your aims
and approach
_________________55. Closing paragraph of
an Application letter.
 Q4 ENGLISH REVIEWER 30. Methods/Procedures
ANSWER KEYS 31. Reported Speech
1. Propaganda 32. Thesis
2. Summary Opening 33. Testimonial
3. Applied Research 34. Creative Opening
4. Page Numbers 35. Bandwagon
5. Name opening 36. Argumentative Essay
6. Research Paper 37. Solicited Letter
7. Abstract 38. Argumentative essay
8. Name Calling 39. Blind advertisement
9. New item opening 40. Personalized opening
10. Applied Research 41. Question opening
11. Action Research 42. Card Stacking
12. Claim 43. Background Information
13. Pure Research 44. Card Stacking
14. Plain folks 45. Body Paragraphs
15. Uncolicited Letter 46. Conclusion
16. Refute 47. Transfer
17. Counterclaim 48. Plain Folks
18. Source opening 49. Bibliography
19. Qualify 50. Body Paragraphs
20. Support 51. Letter of application
21. Results 52. Transfer
22. Correlation Research 53. Attention Paragraph
23. Research Design 54. Table of contents
24. Hook 55. Action
25. Rebuttal
26. Pure Research
27. Direct Quotation
28. Rebuttal
29. Glittering Generalities
 VAL.ED MOSLEMS
284. Lillaahi maa fissamaawaati wa maa fil ard;
wa in tubdoo maa feee anfusikum aw
tukhfoohu yuhaasibkum bihil laa; fayaghfiru li
mai yashaaa'u wa yu'azzibu mai
yashaaa'u;wallaahu 'alaa kulli shai in qadeer
285. Aamanar-Rasoolu bimaaa unzila ilaihi mir-
Rabbihee walmu'minoon; kullun aamana
billaahi wa Malaaa'ikathihee wa Kutubhihee wa
Rusulihee laa nufarriqu baina ahadim-mir-
Rusulih wa qaaloo sami'naa wa ata'naa
ghufraanaka Rabbanaa wa ilaikal-maseer
286. Laa yukalliful-laahu nafsan illaa wus'ahaa;
lahaa maa kasabat wa 'alaihaa maktasabat;
Rabbanaa laa tu'aakhiznaaa in naseenaaa aw
akhtaanaa; Rabbanaa wa laa tahmil-'alainaaa
isran kamaa hamaltahoo 'alal-lazeena min
qablinaa; Rabbanaa wa laa tuhammilnaa maa
laa taaqata lanaa bih; wa'fu 'annaa waghfir
lanaa warhamnaa; Anta mawlaanaa fansurnaa
'alal qawmil kaafireen.
284. Lillaahi maa fissamaawaati wa maa fil ard;
wa in tubdoo maa feee anfusikum aw
tukhfoohu yuhaasibkum bihil laa; fayaghfiru li
mai yashaaa'u wa yu'azzibu mai
yashaaa'u;wallaahu 'alaa kulli shai in qadeer
285. Aamanar-Rasoolu bimaaa unzila ilaihi mir-
Rabbihee walmu'minoon; kullun aamana
billaahi wa Malaaa'ikathihee wa Kutubhihee wa
Rusulihee laa nufarriqu baina ahadim-mir-
Rusulih wa qaaloo sami'naa wa ata'naa
ghufraanaka Rabbanaa wa ilaikal-maseer
286.Laa yukalliful-laahu nafsan illaa wus'ahaa;
lahaa maa kasabat wa 'alaihaa maktasabat;
Rabbanaa laa tu'aakhiznaaa in naseenaaa aw
akhtaanaa; Rabbanaa wa laa tahmil-'alainaaa
isran kamaa hamaltahoo 'alal-lazeena min
qablinaa; Rabbanaa wa laa tuhammilnaa maa
laa taaqata lanaa bih; wa'fu 'annaa waghfir
lanaa warhamnaa; Anta mawlaanaa fansurnaa
'alal qawmil kaafireen