THE ROLE OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF

SOCIETY

(A CASE STUDY OF DANTATA ORGANIZATION)

BY

AHMAD IBRAHIM ABDLMUMIN

SCE/15/PAD/00761

BEING A RESEARCH WORK SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCE

AND ADMINISTRATION SCHOOL OF CONTINUING EDUCATION BAYERO

UNIVERSITY, KANO IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE

AWARD OF DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE (B.SC PUBLIC

ADMINISTRATION).

OCTOBER, 20

i
 DECLARATION

I, Ahmad Ibrahim Abdulmumin, do hereby certify that the work presented in this thesis, is to

the best of my knowledge original, except as acknowledge in the thesis.

Ahmad Ibrahim Abdulmumin Date

ii
 CERTIFICATION

This project titled "The Role of Corporate social responsibility in the Development of

Society: A Case Study of Dantata Organization”, 2015 to 2021 by Ahmad Ibrahim

Abdulmumin meets the regulations governing the award of Bachelor of Science in Public

Administration in the Department of Social Science and Administration, School of

Continuing Education, Bayero University, Kano and carried out under my supervision and

approved for its contribution to knowledge and literary presentation.

Dr. Sani Umar Ibrahim Date

Project Supervisor

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 APPROVAL PAGE

This research work had been carefully read and approved as having satisfied the conditions of

the award of bachelors of Science (B. Sc. Public Administration) degree in the School of

continuing education, Department of Social Science and Administration, Bayero University,

Kano.

Dr. Sani Umar Ibrahim Date

Project Supervisor

Mal. Abdulwahhab Kabir Date

Level Coordinator

Dr. Aminu A. Ahmed Date

Head Of Department

iv
 DEDICATION

This research work is dedicated to my beloved parent Alh. Ibrahim Abdulahi (France) and

Haj. Zahra’u Abdulmumin may Allah reward them abundantly and grant them Aljannah

Alfirdaus, Amin.

v
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

All thanks due to Allah the most high, the Almighty, the omnipresent, the sustainer and

cherisher of the world, under whose mercy I am able to overcome this academic challenge.

In no doubt a work of this nature needs the guidance, aids as well as good advice for it to be

success.

The first and foremost of these people that one awe a debt of gratitude and well wishes is Dr.

Sani Umar Ibrahim who through unquantified patience and effort was able to supervise this

work and rendered good advice and as well as good guidance that will help me not only in m

academic but also in my future life. I wish you (and all our lecturers) success in all your

future endevours.

Same gratitude goes to my lovely wife Haj. Aisha Ibrahim for her caring, patience and advice

throughout the academic sessions without which this goal will not be achieved, gratitude to

lovely wife.

However, I equally also want to acknowledge the contributions of, and express my

unquantifiable gratitude to the following for their untired prayers for my success: Samira,

Usman, Zainab, Munnira and Aysha.

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title page - - - - - - - i

Declaration - - - - - - - ii

Certification - - - - - - - iii

Approval page - - - - - - iv

Dedication - - - - - - - v

Acknowledgement - - - -- - - vi

Table of contents - - - - - - vii

Abstract - - - - - - - xi

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the study - - - - - - - - 1

1.2 Statement of the problem - - - - - - - 4

1.3 Research questions - - - - - - - - 5

1.4 Aims and objectives of the study - - - - - - 5

1.5 Research propositions - - - - - - - 5

1.6 Scope and limitations of the research - - - - - - 6

1.7 Significance of the research - - - - - - - 6

1.8 Research methodology - - - - - - - - 7

1.8.1 Population of the Study - - - - - - - - 7

1.8.2 Sample size - - - - - - - - - 7

1.8.3 Sampling technique - - - - - - - - 8

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1.8.4 Instrument of data collection - - - - - - - 8

1.8.5 Method of analysis - - - - - - - - 8

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.0 Conceptual Framework - - - - - - - - 9

2.1 Corporate Social Responsibility - - - - - - - 9

2.2 Definitions of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) - - - - 11

2.3 Corporate Social Initiatives - - - - - - - 12

3.4 Concept of Society - - - - - - - - 13

2.5 Concept of Development - - - - - - - - 13

2.6 Society Development - - - - - - - - 15

2.7 Impact of Corporate Social Development on Society Development - - 15

2.8 Theoretical framework - - - - - - - - 17

CHAPTER THREE

HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

3.0 Introduction - - - - - - - - - 19

3.1 Historical background of Dantata Organization - - - - - 19

3.2 Objective of the Organization - - - - - - - 19

3.3 Administrative structure of Dantata Organisation - - - - 20

3.3 Presentation of present situation - - - - - - - 22

viii
 CHAPTER FOUR

DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS

4.1 Introduction - - - - - - - - - 25

4.2 Data Presentation and Analysis - - - - - - - 25

4.2 Interviews - - - - - - - - - - 29

4.2.1interview with Dantata Organization’s DGMD - - - - - 29

4.2.2 Interview with Traditional ruler (Dala District Head) - - - - 29

4.2.3 Interview with a beneficiaries (Muhammad Isa Musa) - - - 30

4.3 Discussion of Findings - - - - - - - - 30

4.3.1 The CSR projects have been executed by Dantata Organization - - 30

4.3.2 The beneficiaries of the CSR projects carried out by Dantata Organization - 30

4.3.3 The impacts of CSR projects on development of affected - - - 31

CHAPTER FIVE

SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECCOMMENDATIONS

5.1 General Summary - - - - - - - - - 32

5.2 Summary of Findings - - - - - - - - 32

5.3 Conclusion - - - - - - - - - 33

5.4 Recommendation - - - - - - - - - 33

References - - - - - - - - - - 34

ix
Abstract

Corporate social responsibility is the obligation of businesses to society which they must

perform without being compelled. Such obligations, however, is usually on moral (unwritten)

basis; and as such done on voluntary basis. The main aim of this research is to assess the

role of Dantata Organization’s Corporate Social Responsibility in the development of the

society. This aim will be ascertained in the following objectives: finding out CSR projects

executed by Dantata Organization, finding out the beneficiaries from the CSR projects

carried out by Dantata Organization and finding out the impacts of CSR projects on

development of affected society (Kano State). The researcher used an purposive way of

Interviewing the Danntata organization’s officials and systematic way of selecting ten

beneficiaries. The data is collected and analysed. The study finds that Dantata Organization

played a vital role in developing the society in terms of Corporate Social Responsibility.

x
 CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Introduction

Identifying the role and responsibilities of business in society has been the quest and concern

of many scholars for decades. In recent years the relationship between business and society

had witnessed a massive transformation from the traditional classical view of business as

profit maximizing economic agents to a more ethical outlook that analyzes the greater impact

of business on society. However, corporate social responsibility played a vital role in

developing the society.

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a type of international private business self-

regulation that aims to contribute to societal goals of a philanthropic, activist, or charitable

nature by engaging in or supporting volunteering or ethically-oriented practices. While once

it was possible to describe CSR as an internal organisational policy or a corporate ethic

strategy, that time has passed as various international laws have been developed and various

organisations have used their authority to push it beyond individual or even industry-wide

initiatives. While it has been considered a form of corporate self-regulation for some time,

over the last decade or so it has moved considerably from voluntary decisions at the level of

individual organizations to mandatory schemes at regional, national, and international levels.

According to Carroll et al (2006:34), the concept CSR is considering the impact of the

company’s actions on society. According to them, different people have defined CSR in

many ways:

According to Carroll (2006), CSR falls within four main categories, and these are, legal,

ethical, economic and philanthropic responsibilities.

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Legal responsibilities, reflects society’s view of “codified ethics” which exemplify

fundamental notions of fair practices as established by lawmakers. It is the responsibility of

business societies to comply with these laws. If businesses do not agree with laws that have

been passed or are about to be passed, the society has provided a mechanism by which

dissenters can be heard through a political process.

Ethical responsibilities, embrace those activities and practices that are expected of or

prohibited by societal members even though they are not codified into law. Ethical

responsibilities embody the full scope of norms, standards, and expectations that reflect what

consumers, employees, shareholders and the community regards as fair, just and in keeping

with the respect for or protection of stakeholders’ moral right.

Economic responsibilities, refers to the institutions whose orientation is to produce goods and

services that society wants and to sell them at fair prices. Prices that society thinks represents

the true value of the goods and services delivered which provides business with profits

adequate to ensure its continuation and growth and to reward its investors.

Finally, philanthropic responsibilities, these activities are voluntary, guided only by

business’s desire to engage in social activities that are not mandated, nor required by law, and

not generally expected of businesses in an ethical sense. Nevertheless, the public has an

expectation that business will engage in philanthropy and thus this category has become a

part of the social contract between business and society. The activities will include corporate

giving, product and service donations and volunteerism.

CSR can involve a range of activities such as working in partnership with local

communities, socially sensitive investment, developing relationships with employees,

customers and their families, and involving in activities for environmental conservation and

2
sustainability. The theories of CSR namely utilitarian, managerial and relational in terms of

their meaning and practical emphases.

A stake is an interest or a share in an undertaking. A stakeholder is an individual or group

that has one or more of the various kinds of stakes in a business. Just as stakeholders may be

affected by the actions, decisions, policies or practices of the business firm, these

stakeholders also affect the organization’s actions, decisions, policies or practices. With

stakeholders therefore, there is a potential two-way interaction, communication or exchange

of influence.

In today’s competitive business environment, there are many individuals and groups who are

business stakeholders. From the business point of view, there are certain individuals and

groups that have legitimacy in the eyes of management. That is, they have a legitimate, direct

interest in, or claim on the operations of the firm. But, from the point of view of highly

pluralistic society, stakeholders include not only these groups, but other groups as well.

Business’ organizations stakeholders include, employees, customers, shareholders, suppliers,

competitors, the community, society, government and the media.

In the world of modern technology, those organizations associated with corporate

responsibility are gaining fast praise and recognition for their contributions. When local

communities witness companies making an effort to help out in one way or another, it greatly

aids those companies in receiving a positive reputation and an increase in business.

The study focuses on the role of corporate social responsibility in the development of the

society a case study of Dantata organization.

3
1.2 Statement of the problem

Business firms have the responsibility of establishing the firms overall direction (its mission,

vision, strategies, goals and policies) and seeing to it that these plans are carried out, Carroll

(2006).

The stakeholder environment became as turbulent; the managerial task was relatively straight

forward because the external environment was stable. Stakeholder management has become

important as managers have discovered that many groups such as shareholders (their

investment), employees (empowerment and motivation) and customers (price they pay on

goods) have to be relatively satisfied positively for the firm to meet its objectives.

Carroll et al (2006:75) explained that, to create an impact and manage stakeholders

successfully, managers can become successful stewards of their stakeholder’s resources by

gaining knowledge about stakeholders and using this knowledge to predict and control

behaviour and actions.

Therefore this research will be conducted to find out the major corporate social responsibility

undertaken by Dantata Organization in the development of the society.

Comfort, Hiller and Jones (2006) states that there are five key drivers influencing the

increasing focus on CSR which are, greater stakeholder awareness of corporate ethical, social

and environmental behaviour, direct stakeholder pressures, investor pressures, peer pressures

as well as an increased sense of social responsibility. Furthermore, companies are recognizing

the importance of CSR for the company’s image and reputation.

Comfort et al. (2006) continues to argue that CSR has several benefits for the company such

as: improved financial performance and profitability; reduced operating costs; long-term

sustainability for the company and its employees; increased staff commitment and

4
involvement; enhanced capacity to innovate, good relations to government and communities;

better risk and crisis management; improved reputation and brand value; and the development

of closer links with customers and greater awareness of customer needs.

Berger, Cunningham and Drumwright (2007) claims that the use of CSR is not always

positive for a company, they believe that there is a great difference between industries. In

some industries customers tend to value CSR activities, in other industries the customer

demand for CSR-active companies are significantly lower.

Numerous studies and literature with varies results have been conducted in the subject of

CSR. Several questions about CSR still remains, for example there is no evident answer if

CSR activities has impact on development of society.

1.3 Research questions

i. What CSR projects have been executed by Dantata Organization?

ii. Who benefits from the CSR projects carried out by Dantata Organization?

iii. What are the impacts of CSR projects on development of affected society (Kano

State)?

1.4 Aims and objectives of the study

The aim of this research is to assess the role of Dantata Organization’s Corporate Social

Responsibility in the development of the society.

This aim will be ascertained in the following objectives:

1. To find out CSR projects executed by Dantata Organization?

2. To find out the beneficiaries from the CSR projects carried out by Dantata

Organization

5
 3. To find out the impacts of CSR projects on development of affected society (Kano

State).

1.5 Research propositions

1. Dantata Organization executed Corporate Social Responsibility projects and this will

be good to Kano State.

2. Kano State Benefited from Dantata organization’s Corporate Social Responsibility

projects

3. Corporate Social Responsibility projects has impact on development of Society (Kano

Satate)

1.6 Scope and limitations of the research

This research covers the corporate social responsibility projects executed by Dantata

organization in North West part of Nigeria. The study is limited to Kano State.

1.7 Significance of the research

This research is significant to almost all Nigerians. i. e. the government, (federal, state and

local) businessmen, health personnel, education personnel, security personnel as well as the

overall community members. It is also significant to education.

This study will serve as a foundation or base for future researchers who may in due course of

time wish to embark on the investigation on the role of corporate social responsibility in the

development of society. In other words, this research will serve the academic as a useful and

veritable bibliographical reference which will stimulate research for other related studies in

relation to corporate social responsibility.

6
1.8 Research methodology

The research will be conducted using the qualitative approach method, and it relies on data

obtained by the researcher from first-hand observation, interviews, focus groups, participant-

observation, documents, and artifacts.

1.8.1 Population of the Study

The population of the study is Kano state, Dantata Organization traditional rulers and One

Hundred (100) beneficiaries.

1.8.2 Sample size

The sample size of the study is Dala Local Government and Tarauni Local Government.

The officials of Dantata organizations are Alh. Tajuddeen Aminu Dantata who is the General

Manager and Alh. Hassan Aminu Dantata who is the Director.

Two traditional rulers from Dala and Tarauni traditional rulers.

Dantata Organization provides jobs to the following Beneficiaries in the fields of Nigerian

Police, Nigeria Custom service, Immigration, Prison Service, Nigeria Drugs Law Agency,

Civil Defence, University Lecturer, Medical Doctor, Civil service and University

Scholarship.

The total sample is sixteen (16)

7
Tabular presentation of sample size

Local Govt. Dantata officers Traditional rulers Beneficiaries Total

2 2 2 10 16

1.8.3 Sampling technique

The sampling technique for selecting the Local Governments is purposive, because these

local governments, Dala and Tarauni benefited from Dantata Corporate Social Responsibility

more than other Local Government. Also, purposive sampling technique is used to select the

traditional rulers. Similarly, same technique is used to select the Dantata Organization

Officers because they know the subject matter of this study than any other officer in the

organization. Whereas, systematic technique is used to select ten (10) beneficiaries of Dantata

Organization Corporate Social Responsibility where from the list of beneficiaries, the tenth

among ten beneficiaries is selected. That is, beneficiary number ten, twenty, thirty up to one

hundred are selected.

1.8.4 Instrument of data collection

The researcher used face to face interview as an instrument of data collection.

1.8.5 Method of analysis

The simple percentage formula is employed in analyzing the data collected.

8
 CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.0 Conceptual Framework

2.1 Corporate Social Responsibility

The concept of corporate social responsibility (CSR) is not new. Steiner & Steiner (2006)

trace the origins of CSR back to the philanthropic work of wealthy business owners John D.

Rockfeller and Andrew Carnegie, who gave away millions of dollars to social causes.

Blowfield and Frynas (2005) argue that “the modern precursors of CSR can be traced back to

nineteenth-century boycotts of foodstuffs produced with slave labour. However, both sets of

authors agree that the more contemporary understanding of CSR was formed in the last half

of the twentieth century. Steiner and Steiner argue that the concept of CSR was first

introduced in 1954 when Howard R. Bowen published his book Social Responsibilities of the

Businessman. Bowen argued that managers have an ethical duty to consider the broader

social impacts of their decisions, and that those corporations failing to uphold the broad

social contract should stop being seen as legitimate. He also argued that it is in the

enlightened self-interest of business to improve society as voluntary action could potentially

avert the formation of negative public opinions and unwanted regulations (Steiner & Steiner,

2006). This latter argument is supported by the fact that early forms of corporate social

responsibility (such as corporate philanthropy and the establishment of employee welfare

programs) is one of the things that kept Americans from becoming hostile towards large

corporations in the early 20th century (Micklethwait & Wooldridge, 2005). While there is

currently no universally accepted definition of CSR (Van Marrewijk, 2003; Carroll, 1999;

Blowfield & Frynas, 2005; IISD et al., 2004a; UNCTAD, 1999), generally used the term to

refer to business’s greater responsibility to society and the environment. For example,
9
members of the business community define CSR as "the continuing commitment by business

to behave ethically and contribute to economic development while improving the quality of

life of the workforce and their families as well as of the local community and society at

large” (WBCSD, 1999), whereas the UK government describes CSR as “how business takes

account of its economic, social and environmental impacts in the way it operates –

maximizing the benefits and minimizing the downsides” (UK Department of Trade and

Industry, 2004:3).Further, prominent author on the topic, Archie B. Carroll, defines CSR as

“the conduct of a business so that it is economically profitable, law abiding, ethical and

socially supportive” (Carroll, 1999).

Akachukwu (2005) opined that corporate social responsibility is the obligation of businesses

to society which they must perform without being compelled. Such obligations, however, is

usually on moral (unwritten) basis; and as such done on voluntary basis. Corporate social

responsibility is viewed as a responsibility of business firms that goes beyond making profits

for shareholders; it include helping to solve socio-economic and environmental problems

(Idemudia, 2011) Heeskerk (2012) stressed that Corporate social responsibility encompasses

economic, social, cultural, environmental, ethical and legal requirement undertaken by firms

to address stakeholders’ interest.

It is the inclusion of capacity building for both employees and local communities; and

community support programs in firms daily operations (Baah and Twaiah, 2011). Ideally,

capacity building for community should include and not limited to provision of healthcare

services, education and training, granting of zero interest loans, provision of good water,

access roads, electricity and environmental protection. Growth in these areas overtime leads

to development. Kamp, Owen, Gotzman and Bond (2010) indicated that mining firms are

under increasing pressure from several parties including local communities, civil society

10
groups, and other social responsible actors to address company community conflict through

community development framework.

2.2 Definitions of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)

Geroge (2011), emphasize that, since the 1960s, corporate social responsibility has attracted

attention from a range of businesses and stakeholders. A wide variety of definitions have

been developed but with little consensus. Part of the problem with definitions has arisen

because of the different interests represented. A business person may define CSR as a

business strategy, an NGO activist may see it as 'greenwash' while a government official may

see it as voluntary regulation, (Sheehy, 2015)" In addition, disagreement about the definition

will arise from the disciplinary approach." For example, while an economist might consider

the director's discretion necessary for CSR to be implemented a risk of agency costs, a law

academic may consider that discretion to be an appropriate expression of what the law

demands from directors. In the 1930s, two law professors, A. A. Berle and Merrick Dodd,

famously debated how directors should be made to uphold the public interest: Berle believed

there had to be legally enforceable rules in favor of labor, customers and the public equal to

or ahead of shareholders, while Dodd argued that powers of directors were simply held on

trust, (Summer 1991).

Corporate social responsibility has been defined by Sheehy as "international private business

self-regulation, (Benedict, 2015)" Sheehy examined a range of different disciplinary

approaches to defining CSR. The definitions reviewed included the economic definition of

"sacrificing profits," a management definition of "beyond compliance", institutionalist views

of CSR as a "socio-political movement" and the law's focus on directors' duties. Further,

Sheehy considered Archie B. Carroll's description of CSR as a pyramid of responsibilities,

namely, economic, legal, ethical, and philanthropic responsibilities, (Carrol and Archei,

11
1991). While Carroll was not defining CSR, but simply arguing for the classification of

activities, Sheehy developed a definition differently following the philosophy of science—the

branch of philosophy used for defining phenomena.

Carroll extended corporate social responsibility from the traditional economic and legal

responsibility to ethical and philanthropic responsibility in response to the rising concerns on

ethical issues in businesses, (Carrol and Archei, 1991). This view is reflected in the Business

Dictionary which defines CSR as "a company's sense of responsibility towards the

community and environment (both ecological and social) in which it operates. Companies

express this citizenship (1) through their waste and pollution reduction processes, (2) by

contributing educational and social programs, and (3) by earning adequate returns on the

employed resources, (Kaschny and Martin 2018)".

2.3 Corporate Social Initiatives

Corporate social responsibility includes six types of corporate social initiatives:

Corporate philanthropy: company donations to charity, including cash, goods, and services,

sometimes via a corporate foundation

Community volunteering: company-organized volunteer activities, sometimes while an

employee receives pay for pro-bono work on behalf of a non-profit organization

Socially-responsible business practices: ethically produced products that appeal to a

customer segment

Cause promotions and activism: company-funded advocacy campaigns

Cause-related marketing: donations to charity based on product sales

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Corporate social marketing: company-funded behavior-change campaigns

All six of the corporate initiatives are forms of corporate citizenship. However, only some of

these CSR activities rise to the level of cause marketing, defined as "a type of corporate

social responsibility (CSR) in which a company's promotional campaign has the dual purpose

of increasing profitability while bettering society."

Companies generally do not have a profit motive when participating in corporate

philanthropy and community volunteering. On the other hand, the remaining corporate social

initiatives can be examples of cause marketing, in which there is both a societal interest and

profit motive.

3.4 Concept of Society

Society is defined as group of people sharing common purpose, who are interdependent for

fulfillment of certain needs, who live in close proximity and interact on a regular basis

(Maimunah, 2009). Within a community, there exist shared expectorations for all members of

the group and responsibility taken from these expectations. Interestingly, each community

has leaders who are responsible for the success of any community event, depending on the

need of the community.

Societies construct patterns of behavior by deeming certain actions or speech as acceptable or

unacceptable. These patterns of behavior within a given society are known as societal norms.

Societies, and their norms, undergo gradual and perpetual changes.

2.5 Concept of Development

The term “development” has various meanings to different people and can be explained in

different contexts. For example, the development needs of a starving population must be

13
different from those where there is sufficient nutrition (Matowanyka, 1991). Development

has often been confused with “economic growth as measured solely in terms of annual

increases in pre-capita income or gross national product, regardless of its distribution and the

degree of people’s participation in effective growth” (Mahmoud, 1991). Seers (1972) asserted

that “development means the conditions for realisation of the human personality. Its

evaluation must therefore take into account three linked criteria: where there has been a

reduction in (1) poverty, (2) unemployment, (3) inequality”.

Puke (2008) quoting Todaro in Seers (1977) defined development as a multidimensional

process involving the reorganization and reorientation of the entire economic and social

system. It involve improvement in income and output, changes in institutional, social and

administrative structures as well as in popular attitude, customs and beliefs.

The United Nations in Omale and Ebiloma (2005) defined development as a process by

which the effort of the people are united with those of government or other organizations to

improve the economic, social and cultural condition of communities; to integrate these

communities into the life of the nation and to enable them to contribute fully to the nations

progress.

According to Pearson (1992), development involves “An improvement qualitative,

quantitative or both - in the use of available resources”. He also asserts that development does

not refer to one particular perspective on social, political and economic betterment. Instead, it

is a hybrid term for a myriad of strategies adopted for socioeconomic and environment

transformation from current states to desired ones.

14
2.6 Society Development

Society development is about improving the well-being of every individual in society so they

can reach their full potential. The success of society is linked to the well-being of each and

every citizen. It also means investing in people. It requires the removal of barriers so that all

citizens can journey toward their dreams with confidence and dignity. It is about refusing to

accept that people who live in poverty will always be poor. It is about helping people so they

can move forward on their path to self-sufficiency.

Bathern (1982) define society development as a process during which the people in the small

community, first through discussion, define their goals, objectives and plan and act together

to satisfy them. It is the process by which the effort of the people themselves are nunited with

those of government authorities to improve economic, social and cultural condition of

communities in order to integrate these communities into the life of the nation and enable

them contribute fully to national progress. It involve active collaboration between the rural

communities, government agencies, non-governmental organization and the private sector for

real development in the rural areas However, ideas and programs that would enable a

community to tackled their basic needs can come from within. For instance, a community can

form cooperative societies to enable them solve some economic needs. Such initiative may

attract external effort. Jenking and Obara (2008) maintain that economic, social and

environment are the three dimension of community development which should be addressed

in mining communities.

2.7 Impact of Corporate Social Development on Society Development

CSR activities are now being undertaken and are causing an impact throughout the globe (Jo,

2011). Companies can exert an emphatic influence over the quality and credibility of its

products in the market through its CSR activities, which has a great impact on society and
15
also provides better synergy returns to their business. CSR is becoming an increasingly

important activity to businesses nationally and internationally. Society expects the

organization to be socially responsible as the economic environment of the society is

dependent on the business environment. Socially responsible business is a common term

today as business and societies are unthinkable without each other (Cornell, 2017).

Society developers must understand both how to work with individuals and how to

affect communities ‘positions within the context of larger social institutions based on social

justice and mutual respect (Carroll, 1991). Through CSR the existence of corporations in the

social system is felt beyond a perception that corporation is a place just to get employment

and procedures of goods and service. By doing so, corporations and community would stay in

peace and harmony. This becomes a social capital that is essential in community

development. (Casagrande, 2017) CSR can help in imparting talents whereby employees

view their organization’s commitment to socially responsible behavior more favorably;

they also tend to have more positive attitudes in other areas that correlate with better

performance (Jamali, 2017). They believe their organizations recognize and reward great

customer service, act quickly to address and resolve customers. In relating to CD, good

employees’ perceptions on a corporation would lead to the community that treats the

corporation as an important economic asset in the community.

CSR can also help in transfer of technology (TOT). Secchi, D. (2017) focuses on three

mechanism of international technology transfer: the flow of human resources; the flow

of public-sector technology support; and the flow of private technology from MNCs to

developing countries. He argues for greater mobility within and globalization of the

world’s scientific enterprise and reasserts an economic rationale for investing in

public-sector research in the developing countries. CSR also helps in protecting the

16
environment for example, with initiatives aimed at reducing their environmental footprint

(Margolis, 2013). These companies take the view that financial and environmental

performance can work together to drive company growth and social reputation. This

attitude can only serve to enhance the employment value proposition such as interest in

“going green” gains traction. Interdependency Between a corporation and community is

another important role of CSR. The close link between a corporation and community is

another aspect of CSR role in CD because in long run it creates sustainable

development (Foote, 2010). Finally, CSR also offered support for corporate sustainability

goals where the world over, companies have been taking their social role seriously for years,

often under the banner of corporate sustainability (Secchi, 2017).

Five themes emerged from data that was collected from the field including Deception, which

from the sociological context means a major relational transgression that often leads to

feelings of betrayal and distrust between relational partners or company and community

(Chen, 2013). The other theme was Failed Promises (used to refer to promises that were

either never started or were started but implemented unsatisfactorily), next is

Discrimination and Marginalization (the process of pushing a particular group or groups of

people to the edge of society by not allowing them an active voice, identity, or place in it),

then there is Fear and Apprehension (response to an imprecise or unknown threat), and last

was Empowerment (which refers to the process of enabling or authorizing an individual to

think, behave, and take action, and control work and decision-making about their job in

autonomous, independent and self-directed ways).

2.8 Theoretical framework

This study is based on the stakeholder theory propounded by Edward Freeman in 1948. The

theory states that business firms owe responsibility to broad range of stakeholders, other than

17
just shareholders. “Stakeholders” refers to all parties who effect or are affected by corporate

actions. It includes employees, suppliers, customers, government, investors, community and

environment (Astrie, Gatot and Yuni 2014). The major assumption of the theory is that

business firms owe corporate accountability towards broad range of stakeholders’ interest. It

considers a firm as an interconnected web of different interest. The profounder recognized

this theory as one of the strategies in improving the management of firms’ social responsible

behavior. The basis for adopting this theory in this study is that it reveals that mining firms as

corporations have responsibilities to a wider group of stakeholders. Firms’ social

responsibility programs are anticipated to create development within its host community

overtime.

Dantata Organization’s corporate social responsibilities are in line and relevant with this

theory because, the organization tried as much as possible to provide corporate social

responsibilities to the stake holders. That is, all parties who are affected by corporate actions

which includes employees, suppliers, customers, government, investors, community and

environment.

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 CHAPTER THREE

HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

3.0 Introduction

This chapter discusses the historical background of Dantata Organization which is the area

under this research and presents its current situation in relation with its corporate social

responsibility.

3.1 Historical background of Dantata Organization

Dantata Organization Ltd is a Private Limited Liability Company established in 1991,

founded by (Dr.) Alh. Aminu Alhassan Dantata Based in Kano, Nigeria. The organization

operates in the conglomerates sector and has five branches. The branches are: Dantata

Investment and security Company limited (which focuses on investment portfolio), Dantata

Property Development and management (aimed at building estates), express petroleum

(aimed at oil and gas), NAMCO Drugs (aimed at pharmaceutical facilities) and finally

Dantata motors (which focuses import and export of motors and providing mechanic

services).

3.2 Objective of the Organization

The organization's objective focus involves providing value-added products and services that

will generate employment and prevent capital flight.

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3.3 Administrative structure of Dantata Organisation

CHAIRMAN: Alh. (Dr.) Aminu Alhassan Dantata

Chairman is the founder and owner of the organization. Also, all corporate

social responsibility of Dantata Organizations is been sponsored by the

Chairman.

GMD: Group Managing Director: Tajuddeen Aminu Dantata

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 GMD is responsible for implementing company policy, developing strategic

plans, maintaining a dialogue between shareholders and the board, controlling

finance, building and maintaining an effective management team and

assuming full accountability for the board for all company operations. Finally,

he is answerable to the Chairman.

DGMD: Deputy Group Managing Director: Sadiq Aminu Danata

DGMD acts as an assistance to GMD and makes Decisions in his absence.

MD: Managing Director: Hassan Aminu Dantata

MD is responsible for planning, organizing, leading and controlling the human

and material resources of Dantata organization.

GA: Group Accountant Talba Goni

GA performs financial functions related to the collection, accuracy, recording,

analysis and presentation of Dantata Organization’s financial operations

GAM: Group Admin Manager Auwalu Ibrahim

GAM is in charge of coordinating Dantata organization's administrative

system and general workflows. His duties include supervising staff,

facilitating communication throughout the organization and developing

procedures to make a workplace more efficient.

PM: Properties Manager Aminu Bello

The main duties and responsibilities that property managers carried out

include: determine the rent price, Prepare vacant units, Carry out property

21
 maintenance and repairs, Supervise on-site employees, Take care of the rental

property, Handle evictions, ensures that the property is legally compliant, File

taxes and Keeps records and creates regular reports to the Dantata

Organization’s MD.

TRSE: Treasurer Bello S. Umar

He is the officer entrusted with the receipt, care, and disbursement of funds of

Dantata Organization

ACCT:Accountant Nasiru Shehu Abdulkadir

Dantata Organization’s accountant keeps and inspects financial records.

3.3 Presentation of present situation

Dantata organization has donated funds and buildings to various institutions around Kano. He

sponsored all the expenditures of Dantata Memorial Primary Established by his Brother

Ahmadu Dantata in 1956 which produces Seventeen Thousand Pupils (17000) approximately

including Professor Ibrahim Yaro Yahaha, Prof. Yadudu, Baba Kusa.

In his effort to ensure development in education sector, Dantata Organization, in the year

2005, donated Five Hundred Million Naira (N500, 000, 000. 00) to Aminu Kano College of

Islamic and Legal Studies, Kano.

He in same year donated One Billion Naira (N1, 000,000, 000. 00) to Alqalam University,

Katsina.

He also donated Five Hundred Million (N500, 000, 000. 00) to the proposed Assalam

University, Kano.

22
He fully sponsored One Hundred (100) Students to study in various fields in Alistiqama

University.

Dantata Organization supplied chairs to classes from Former Faculty of Education to Faculty

of Engineering.

He replaced faulty ceiling fans to classes from Former Faculty of Education to Faculty of

Engineering.

He replaced blackboards to white boards to classes from Former Faculty of Education to

Faculty of Engineering.

In 1998, He donated N100, 000, 000. 00 (One Hundred Million Naira) only to Bayero

university, Kano.

Provides MMBS Materials to Bayero University, Kano to graduate three (3) sets, by then

BUK does not have the materials to graduate them.

Helps in rehabilitating the dilapidated laboratories of the faculty of sciences.

In 2021, Dantata organization donated Fifty Million Naira (N 50, 000, 000. 00) to Lautai Old

Boys Association Gumel, Jigawa State.

He constructed Faculty of Engineering on 13th February, 2008 in Kano University of Science

and Technology, Wudil.

Dantata Organization Donated also in Health sector where the head of this Organization Alh.

Aminu Alhassan Dantata donated in 2005 to Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kani (AKTH)

four new branded Dialysis Machines and in 2007 added another four New Branded Machines

in order to meet up the critical demand of the Machines in the said Hospital.

23
He builds male and female wards named Ahmadu Dantata and Bara Dantata respectively in

Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kani (AKTH).

In 2020 the philanthropist donated One Hundred Million (N100, 000, 000. 00) to Aminu

Kano Kidney Trust Box with a promise of additional donation whenever they exhausted it.

He donated Five Hundred Million (N 500, 000, 000. 00) in 2005/2006 for welfare of hajj

participants.

He donated Ten Million Naira (N10, 000, 000. 00) each to ten Kano Metropolis Local

Governments and donated Five Million Naira (N5, 000, 000. 00) each to the remaining Thirty

Four (34) Kano Local Governments in 2014.

He donated the Alhassan Dantata Haemodyalysis Center to Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital.

He was the first chancellor of Al-Qalam University, Katsina.

24
 CHAPTER FOUR

DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS

4.1 Introduction

This chapter contains data presentation and analysis according to the interview

administration.

4.2 Data Presentation and Analysis

This section is concerned with the presentation and analysis of the data obtained from the

interview.

Table 1 Donations in Education Sector

Institutions Year Amount (N)

Bayero University, Kano 1998 100, 000, 000. 00

Aminu Kano College of Islamic and Legal 2005 500, 000, 000. 00k
Studies Kano

Alqalam University, Katsina 2005 1, 000, 000, 000. 00k

Assalam University, Kano 2020 500, 000, 000. 00k

Source: Interview

Table 1 show that Dantata Oeganizations donated N2.1b (two billion and one hundred million

Naira) only in education sector.

25
Table 2 Donations in Health Sector

Institutions Year Amount (N)

Aminu Kano Kidney Trust Box 2015 100, 000, 000. 00k

Source: Interview

Table 2 show that Dantata Organization donated One Hundred Million Naira in Health sector

Table 3 Donations to Hajj Participants

Institutions Year Amount (N)

Hajj Commission 2006 500, 000, 000. 00k

Source: Interview

Table 3 shoes that Dantata Organization Donated five hundred Million to hajj participants.

Table 4 Donations to associations

Institutions Year Amount (N)

Lautai Old Boys Gumel 2021 50, 000, 000. 00k

Source: Interview

Table 4 shows that Dantata Organization donated five hundred Million to old boys

association

26
Table 5 Donations to Kano State Local Government

Institutions Year Units Amount (N) Total (N)

Kano Metropolis LGA 2014 10 10, 000, 000. 00 100, 000, 000. 00

Kano Metropolis LGA 2014 34 5, 000, 000. 00k 170, 000, 000. 00

Source: Interview

Table 5 show that Dantata Organization donated two hundred and seventy thousand Naira to

Forty Four Local Governments in Kano State.

Table 6 Scholarships

Institutions Year Number of Beneficiaries

Dantata Memorial Primary 1956 to Date 17000 Pupils

Alistiqama University 2020 100 Students

Source: Interview

Table 6 shows that Dantata Organization sponsors primary education of seventeen thousand

pupils and one hundred private university Students

27
Table 7 Equipments

Institutions Year Type of Equipment Units

Faculty of Education BUK 2005 Chairs 1000

Faculty of Education BUK 2007 Ceiling fans 100

Faculty of Education BUK 2000 White boards 100

BUK 2010 MMBS Materials 3

Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano 2005 Dialysis Machines 4

Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano 2007 Dialysis Machines 4

Source: Interview

Table 7 show that Dantata Organization donated one thousand chairs, one hundred ceiling

fans and one hundred white board to faculty of education BUK, three sets of MMBS

Materials to BUK and eight Dialysis machines to Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital Kano.

Table 8 Rehabilitations

Institutions Year Type of Rehabilitation Units

BUK 2017 Laboratory 3

Source: Interview

Table 8 show that Dantata Organization rehabilitates three laboratories in BUK.

28
Table 9: Buildings

Institutions Year Type of Building Units

University of Science and Technology, 2008 Faculty of Engineering 1

Wudil

Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano 2000 Wards: Male and Female 2

Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano 2007 Haemodyalisis Center 1

Source: Interview

Table 9 shows that Dantata Organization completely builds faculty of engineering in Wudil

University, male and female wards and haemodialisis center in Aminu Kano Teaching

Hospital, Kano.

4.2 Interviews

4.2.1interview with Dantata Organization’s DGMD

Deputy Group Managing Director, Alhaji Sadiq Aminu Dantata mentioned corporate social

responsibility as one of their activities and they tried to provide such responsibilities to both

governments, group of individuals and individuals. He claimed that, Government only may

not satisfy the entire community however these responsibilities will develop the community.

4.2.2 Interview with Traditional ruler (Dala District Head)

Dala District Head told us that Dantata Corporate social responsibilities play a vital role in

developing the community. The organization provides these responsibilities to various sectors

29
in Kano stats including Education, Health, Local Governments, and Individuals among

others.

We praise this organization especially the time it donates ten million Naira to Each Kano

Metropolis Local Government and Five hundred Naira to Other 34 Local Governments in

Kano State and the donation of Five Hundred Million Naira to Hajj Participants in 2006. We

recognized Dantata Organization as a major tool of developing Kano State to the peak level

of development.

4.2.3 Interview with a beneficiaries (Muhammad Isa Musa)

I got Dantata Organization’s scholarship to study in Al’istiqama University, Sumaila, without

this scholarship I gave up to continue my learning, Gratitude to Dantata Organization.

4.3 Discussion of Findings

4.3.1 The CSR projects have been executed by Dantata Organization

From the data above Dantata organizations executed various corporate social responsibility in

different sectors which include construction of faculty of Engineering in University of

technology, Wudil, male and female ward and Haemodialysis center all in Aminu kano

Hospital Kano, provides chairs ceilibg fans and white boards to faclty of education BUK,

MMBS materials to BUK and rehabilitates dilapidated laboratories of the faculty of sciences

BUK.

4.3.2 The beneficiaries of the CSR projects carried out by Dantata Organization

Beneficiaries of Dantata organizations are uncountable, but this study find that more than

seventeen thousand pupils benefits dantata organization’s corporate social responsibility,

however, one hundred Alisstiqama Students, bayero University, Kano, University of science

30
and technology Wudil, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital all benefitted from Dantata

Organization’s corporate social responsibility.

4.3.3 The impacts of CSR projects on development of affected

Kano state Government itself benefits from Dantata Organization’s corporate social

responsibility and this lead to the development of the society, the organization provides what

the government fails to provide to the society such as dialysis machines, rehabilitations in

universities, construction of faculties, massive scholarship etc.

31
 CHAPTER FIVE

SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECCOMMENDATIONS

5.1 General Summary

Started with chapter one, the chapter discussed general introduction to the background of

study in which some highlight on the entire research was given, furthermore, all research

techniques like statement of the problem, research question, objective of the resulted, the

methodology I employed to dealt with the research topic. The chapter also dealt with the

scope and limitation of the research justification.

Chapter two dealt with the conceptual framework of corporate social responsibility,

development, impact of corporate social responsibility on development of the society and the

theoretical framework.

Chapter three also dealt with the historical background of Dantata Organization, where

objectives, administrative structure, and presentation of present situation of Dantata

Organization is clearly stated.

Chapter four dealt with data presentation of data and analysis which comprises the data

presentation, interviews and discussion of findings.

Chapter five dealt with the general summary of the entire work, summary of findings,

conclusion and recommendation.

5.2 Summary of Findings

Dantata organization executed various corporate social responsibilities in Kano State.

There exist the beneficiaries of Dantata organization corporate social responsibility.

32
Dantata organization corporate social responsibility contributed to the development of the

society.

5.3 Conclusion

The researcher concludes that Dantata organization as a private owned organization, in order

to develop the society executed various corporate social responsibilities projects in Kano

State. However, Dantata organization’s corporate social responsibility uplift the development

of Kano State where the organizations provides equipment necessary for survivals for some

patients and necessary for learning.

Dantata organization brighten the future of some individuals by granting them a scholarships

to study in various field of knowledge. At the end, Dantata organization aided both

government and individuals

5.4 Recommendation

The researcher hereby recommends the following:

Government is recommended to continue honouring such organization by all means of

appreciations.

Government should also include the advices of such organization in developing the state at all

stages.

Government should also find out young organizations with the zeal of Dantata and uplift then

up so that they will do as Dantata does.

Other organizations and foundations should copy from Dantata Organiation.

33
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