112 PRACTICE EXERCISES FOR STRUCTURE

EXERCISE 55: Sentences-Comprehensive Structures

In the Structure Section of the Paper-Based TOEFL, the items will be organized into two parts-
completion sentences and correction sentences. The test will include a comprehensive selection of struc-
tures. This exercise is an example of the Paper-Based TOEFL format. Choose the correct answer in the
incomplete sentences. Choose the incorrect word or phrase in the underlined choices.

Part 1
1. In simple animals, reflex movement 6. Canada does not require that U.S . citizens
or involuntary response to stimuli. obtain passports to enter the country, and
© behavior mostly
® most is behavior © Mexico does neither
© most behavior is ® Mexico doesn't either
CID the most behavior © neither Mexico does
<ID either does Mexico
2. Although the weather in Martha's Vineyard
isn't to have a year-round tourist 7. The poet just beginning to be
season, it has become a favorite summer recognized as an important influence at the
resort. time of his death.
© goodly enough © being Walt Whitman
® good enough ® who was Walt Whitman
© good as enough © Walt Whitman
CID enough good ® Walt Whitman was

3. According to the wave theory, _ __ 8. the formation of the Sun, the

population of the Americas may have been planets, and other stars began with the
the result of a number of separate condensation of an interstellar cloud.
migrations. © It accepted that
©the ® Accepted that
® their © It is accepted that
© that ® That is accepted
<ID whose
9. As a general rule, the standard of living
4. It is presumed that rules governing the ___ by the average output of each
sharing of food influenced that the person in society.
earliest cultures evolved. © is fixed
© that the way ® fixed
® is the way © has fixed
© the way <ID fixes
<ID which way
lO. The Consumer Price Index lists _ __
5. Calculus, elegant and economical © how much costs every car
symbolic system, can reduce complex ® how much does every car cost
problems to simple terms. © how much every car costs
© it is an <ID how much are every car cost
® that an
©an
CID is an
 STRUCTURE SECTION: EXERCISE 55 113

11. The Ford Theater where Lincoln was shot 14. Carl Sandburg is also well-known
for his multivolume biography of Lincoln.
© must restore © An eminent American poet
® must be restoring ® He is an eminent American poet
© must have been restored © An eminent American poet who is
CID must restored ® Despite an eminent American poet

12. Fast-food restaurants have become popular 15. The examiner made us _ _ our
because many working people want identification in order to be admitted to the
test center.
@ to eat quickly and cheaply © showing
® eating quickly and cheaply ®show
© eat quickly and cheaply © showed
® the eat quickly and cheaply ® to show

13. After eeing the movie Centennial, _ __

© the book was read by many people
® the book made many people want to
read it
© many people wanted to read the book
® the reading of the book interested
many people

Part 2
16. A swarm of locusts is responsible the 20. If Robert Kennedy would have lived
@ @
consumption of enough plant material a little longer, he probably would have
® ® ©
to feed a million and a half people. won the election.
© (]) (])

17. Oyster farming has been practice in most 21. It was Shirley Temple Black which
@ ® © © (j)
parts of the world for many years. represented her country in the United
(]) ©
Nations and later became an ambassador.
18. Those of us who smoke should have (])
--
@
-® -
their lungs x-rayed regularly. 22. The prices at chain stores are as
© (]) © ®
reasonable, if not more reasonable, as those
19. After the team of geologists had drawn © (])
at discount stores.
diagrams in their notebooks and wrote
@ (i) 23. It is extremely important for an engineer
explanations of the formations which they @ ® ©
<D" to know to use a computer.
had observed, they returned to their ([)

campsite to compare notes.

(])
114 PRACTICE EXERCISES FOR STRUCTURE

24. Historically there has been only two major 32. Lectures for the week of March 22-26
@ <E> <D (]) @

factions in the Republican Party-the will include the following: The Causes of
® <D
liberals and the conservatives. the Civil War, The Economy of the South,

25. Whitman wrote Leaves of Grass as a Battle Strategies, and The Assassinate
<])

tribute to the Civil War soldiers who Lincoln.

had laid on the battlefields and whom he 33. Despite of many attempts to introduce a
@ """"(j) @ ® <D
had seen while serving as an army nurse. universal language, notably Esperanto and
<D <])
Idiom Neutral, the effort has met with very
26. One of the first and ultimately the most
@ little success.
important purposeful of a reservoir is <])
<E>
to control flooding. 34. As every other nation, the United States
<D <]) © CD
used to define its unit of currency, the
27. The Chinese were the first and large ethnic <D <])
@ <E> dollar, in terms of the gold standard.
group to work on the construction of the
<D <]) 35. It is necessary that one met with a judge
transcontinental railroad system. ©
before signing the final papers
28. The range of plant life on a mountainside <E> <D
for a divorce.
is a results of differences in temperature <])
@~ <D
and precipitation at varying altitudes. 36. Until recently, women were forbidden
<]) @ ®
by law from owning property.
29. Even a professional psychologist may have <D <])
@

difficulty talking calm and logically about 37. According to the graduate catalog, student
® <D ©
his own problems. housing is more cheaper than housing off
<]) ® <D <])
campus.
30. The more the relative humidity reading
38. John Dewey thought that children
rises, the worst the heat affects us.
@ <E> <D <]) will learn better through participating in
@ <E>
31. Because correlations are not causes, experiences rather than through listening to
-a:> © (])
statistical data which are extremely easy lectures.
® <D
to misuse.
<])
 STRUCTURE SECTION: EXERCISE 55 115

39. In England as early as the twelfth century, 40. Some methods to prevent soil erosion are
@ ® © @ ® ©
young boys enjoyed to play football. plowing paraJJel with the slopes of hills,
®
to plant trees on unproductive land, and
<])

rotating crops.

Refer to pages 428-430 for the Explanatory Answers.