LIST OF SYMBOLS

A area; constant
a speed of sound; constant
b constant [Eq. (5-90)]
C effective exhaust velocity [Eq. (1-53)]; circumference; work
output coefficient
CA angularity coefficient
Cc work output coefficient of core
CD coefficient of drag; discharge coefficient
CF thrust coefficient
C18 gross thrust coefficient
CL coefficient of lift
Cp pressure coefficient
Cprop work output coefficient of propeller
Crnr total work output coefficient
Cv velocity coefficient
C* characteristic velocity
c chord
c1 frictional coefficient
cP specific heat at constant pressure
cv specific heat at constant volume
ex axial chord
D drag
d differential (infinitesimal increase in); diameter
E energy; modulus of elasticity
e energy per unit mass; polytropic efficiency; exponential
(=2.7183)
EF endurance factor [Eq. (1-38)]
F force; uninstalled thrust; thrust
F8 gross thrust

Iix
Ix LIST OF SYMBOLS

f fuel/air ratio; function

FR thrust ratio [Eq. (5-56)]
g acceleration of gravity
gc Newton 's constant
go acceleration of gravity at sea level
H enthalpy
h enthalpy per unit mass; height
hpR low heating value of fuel
I impulse function [ = PA(l + -yM 2 )]
/ sp specific impulse [Eq. (1-55)]
K constant
L length
M Mach number; momentum
M time rate of change of momentum
m mass
m mass flow rate
M molecular weight
MFP mass flow parameter
MR vehicle mass ratio
N revolutions per minute
n load factor; burning rate exponent
nb number of blades
p pressure
Pr profile factor
PS weight specific excess power
P, total pressure
PF pattern factor
Q heat interaction
Q rate of heat interaction
q heat interaction per unit mass; dynamic pressure
[=pV 2 /(2gc)]
R gas constant; extensive property; radius; additional drag
R,, universal gas constant
r radius; burning rate
RF range factor [Eq. (1-43)]
OR degree of reaction
s uninstalled thrust specific fuel consumption; entropy
s time rate of change of entropy
SW wing planform area
s entropy per unit mass; blade spacing
T temperature; installed thrust
I; total temperature
t time; airfoil thickness
TR throttle ratio [Eq. (8-34)]
TSFC installed thrust specific fuel consumption
 LIST O F SYMBOLS lxi

u internal energy; blade tangential or rotor velocity

u internal energy per unit mass; velocity
V absolute velocity; volume
V volume per unit mass; velocity
w weight; width
w power
w work interaction per unit mass; velocity
w weight flow rate
x,y, z coordinate system
Ze energy height [Eq. (1-25)]
z Zweifel tangential force coefficient [Eq. (9-97)1

Greek

a bypass ratio; angle; coefficient of linear thermal expansion

f3 angle _ _ _ _ _ __
2 ) (-y+ l )/(-y - 1)
r 1' ( - - ; constant
1' + 1
1' ratio of specific heats; angle
Li change
o change; dimensionless pressure (=PI Prer) ; deviation
a partial differential
e nozzle area ratio; rotor turning angle
'Y/ efficiency
() angle; dimensionless temperature ( = T !'Free)
µ, Mach angle
II product
n · pressure ratio defined by Eq. (5-3)
p density (=1/u)
~ sum
u control volume boundary; dimensionless density ( = p I Pree);
tensile stress
r temperature ratio defined by Eq. (5-4); shear stress; torque
r" enthalpy ratio defined by Eq. (5-7)
cp installation loss coefficient; fuel equivalence ratio; function ;
total pressure loss coefficient
<I> function; cooling effectiveness; flow coefficient
w angular speed

Subscripts .

A aJr mass
a air; atmosphere
lxii LIST OF SYMBOLS

AB afterburner
add additive
b burner or combustor; boattail or afterbody; blade; burning
C core stream
C compressor; corrected; centrifugal; chamber
DB duct burner
d diffuser or inlet; disk
dr disk/rim interface
dry afterburner not operating
e exit; exhaust; earth
ext external
F fan stream
f fan; fuel; final
fn fan nozzle
g gearing; gas
H high-pressure
HP horsepower
h hub
initial: inside; ideal
int internal
J jet
L low-pressure
M mixer
m mechanical; mean; middle
max corresponding to maximum
N new
n nozzle
nae nacelle
0 overall; output
a overall ; outer
opt optimum
p propulsive; products
p propellant
pl payload
prop propeller
R reference; relative; reactants
r ram; reduced ; rim ; rotor
ref reference condition
s stage; separation; solid; stator
SL sea-level
SLS sea-level static
T thermal
total; turbin e; throat; tip: thermal
vac vacuum
w forebody; wing
 LIST OF SYMBOLS fxiii

wet afterburner operating

x,y,z directional component
a control volume
0, 1, 2, .. . , 19 different locations in space

Superscripts

* state corresponding to M = 1; corresponding to optimum

state
average