Explain how an atom becomes an Ion

An atom can become an ion when it gains or loses one or more electrons from its outermost shell.
The outermost shell of an atom is also known as it’s valence shell. The valence shell is the region
of the atom where chemical reactions occur. Atoms are neutral because they have an equal
number of protons and electrons. When an atom gains electrons, it becomes negatively charged
and forms a negative ion, also known as an anion. When an atom loses electrons, it becomes
positively charged and forms a positive ion, also known as a cation. The process of gaining or
losing electrons can occur through various chemical reactions, such as oxidation or reduction
reactions. In conclusion, an atom becomes an ion by gaining or losing electrons from its valence
shell. When an atom gains electrons, it becomes negatively charged and forms an anion, and
when it loses electrons, it becomes positively charged and forms a cation.