Assingment Of ICT

BS Information Technology
1st Semester
Section ( A )

Sumbited By :- Ghanshm Das

Dated:- 13/04/2020

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Introduction of Ports in Computers

A port is basically a physical docking point which is

basically used to connect the external devices to the
computer or we can say that A port act as an interface
between computer and the external devices, e.g., we can
hard drives, printers to the computer with the help of
ports.

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Features of Computer ports:

 We can connect external devices to the computer

with the help of ports and cables.
 These are basically slots on mother board where we
connect external devices or we can plugged in
external devices through cables.
 Mouse, keyboards, printers, speakers are some of the
example of external devices that connected to the
computer through ports.

Types of ports:
1. Serial ports –
A serial port is basically a serial communication interface
through which information transforms one bit at a time. It is
one of the oldest type of interfaces.
 These are basically used for external modems.
 These are basically available in two versions in market
these are 9 pin, 25 pin model.
 Data travels at a speed of 115 kilo-bits per second.

2. Parallel ports –

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A parallel port is basically a parallel communication interface
through which information transforms multiple bits at a time.
 These are basically used to connect peripherals such as
scanner or printers.
 These are also known as printer port.
 These are available in 25 pin model.
 Data travels at a speed of 150 kilo bits per second.

3. PS/2 ports –

These are basically 6 pin mini Din connector used to connect

keyboard, mice to a PC compatible computers.
 These are basically used by old computers for
connecting mouse or keyboard.
 These are called as mouse port.
 These ports are still favoured in organisation for security
reason.
 These ports provides no restriction on key rollover.
4. Universal serial bus port –

It is basically a standard cable connection interface between

computer and external device. USB is an industrial standard
for short-distance digital data communication.
 Basically it can connect all types of external devices to
the computer such as mouse, keyboard, printers,
speakers etc.
 These ports were introduced in 1997.
 Minimum 2 ports are there in every computer system.
 Data basically travels at a speed of 14mb/s which is
much faster than serial port.

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  The devices that uses USB port gets power from a USB
port.

5. VGA Ports –

VGA connector stands for Video Graphic Array connector,

these are basically 15 pin connector available in many video-
cards, computer, projectors etc.
 It is used to connect monitor to computer’s video card.
 It is 15 pin connector.
 These were introduced by IBM in 1987.

 VGA basically utilizes analog signal hence it can only be

used to lower resolution or we can say VGA is only

capable of lowering the resolution.
These are some of the common ports available in computer
system. Except these there are many more ports available in
computer. These are as follows:

The Buses
A bus as a highway on which data travels within a computer.
When used in reference to personal computers, the
term bus usually refers to internal bus. This is a bus that
connects all the internal computer components to the CPU
and main memory.

The Data Bus-

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A data bus is a system within a computer or device,
consisting of a connector or set of wires, that provides
transportation for data. A data bus is also called a
processor bus, front side bus, frontside bus or backside bus
—is a group of electrical wires used to send information
(data) between two or more components.

Address Bus-
An address bus is a computer bus architecture. It is used to
transfer data between devices. The devices are identified by
the hardware address of the physical memory (the
physical address). The address is stored in the form of
binary numbers to enable the data bus to access memory
storage.

Control Bus-
A control bus is a computer bus that is used by the CPU to
communicate with devices that are contained within
the computer. This occurs through physical connections such
as cables or printed circuits. ... An individual bus permits
communication between devices using one data channel

Standard bus-

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Bus Standard  Buses  A carry signal between the
components.  bus  A This pathway used for communication to
travel between components inside or outside of a computer is
a common pathway in which data can travel within a
computer.  bus connects all the internal computer
components to the CPU and Main memory.